Cytology Unit Part I Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the basic unit of life?

Cells

What are the three parts of the cell theory?

All living things are composed of cells. 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function. 3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.

Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation?

Francesco Redi

Who proposed the germ theory?

Louis Pasteur Signup and view all the answers

Who discovered that all plants are made of cells?

Matthias Schleiden Signup and view all the answers

Who discovered that all animals are made of cells?

Theodor Schwann Signup and view all the answers

Who stated that all cells come from pre-existing cells?

Rudolf Virchow Signup and view all the answers

Who coined the term "cell"?

Robert Hooke Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell is round and carries oxygen to the body and carbon dioxide back to the lungs?

Blood Cell Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell is long and striped, stabilizing and moving body parts?

Muscle Cell Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell is layered and provides protection against the outside environment?

Skin Cell Signup and view all the answers

Which of these cell types is a prokaryote?

Bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus.

False Signup and view all the answers

Eukaryotic cells have organelles.

True Signup and view all the answers

Prokaryotes are smaller than eukaryotic cells.

True Signup and view all the answers

All cells have ribosomes.

True Signup and view all the answers

Prokaryotes have a cell membrane.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for breaking down old cell parts?

Lysosome Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and processing proteins?

Golgi apparatus Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for generating energy for the cell?

Mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

What are the four main cell processes?

Nutrition, Digestion, Excretion, Secretion Signup and view all the answers

Match the cell processes with their respective descriptions.

Nutrition = Taking substances into the body and cells Digestion = Breaking down of all foods and substances that enter the body Excretion = Removal of waste materials from cells Secretion = Releasing chemical substances that influence other cell activities Absorption = When cells take in nutrients and water molecules from their surrounding environment Respiration = Process in which cells break down molecules of food to release energy Biosynthesis = The "breaking down" of old cell parts to make new cell parts Response = A reaction to a stimulus Reproduction = The division of the cells (mitosis and meiosis) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cytology Unit Part I

Cytology is the study of cells.
A cell is the basic unit of life.
Cells form tissues.
Tissues form organs.
Organs form organ systems.
Organ systems form organisms.

The Cell Theory

All living things are composed of cells.
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function.
All cells come from pre-existing cells.

The People Behind The Cell Theory

Redi: Disproved spontaneous generation, showing life doesn't arise from non-living matter.
Pasteur: Proposed the germ theory.
Schleiden: All plants are made of cells.
Schwann: All animals are made of cells.
Virchow: All cells come from pre-existing cells.
Hooke: Coined the term "cell".

The Structure of a Cell Dictates its Function

Blood cells: Round, large surface area (SA), carry oxygen (O2) from lungs to body and carbon dioxide (CO2) back to lungs.
Muscle cells: Long, striped, stabilize and move body parts.
Skin cells: Layered, protect and act as a barrier against the environment.

Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes

Prokaryotes: Simple, small, no nucleus, unicellular (one cell), no organelles (e.g., bacteria, archaea).
Eukaryotes: Complex, larger, have a nucleus, multicellular (many cells), have organelles (e.g., humans, plants, fungi).
Both types of cells contain DNA, ribosomes, a cell membrane, and cytoplasm.

Cell Organelles

Organelles are tiny structures within a cell, acting like "little organs".
Different types of cells contain different organelles.

Cell Processes

Nutrition: Taking substances into the body and cells.
- Organelles responsible: Cell membrane and vesicles.
Digestion: Breaking down food into smaller molecules.
- Organelles responsible: Lysosomes.
Excretion: Removing waste materials.
- Organelles responsible: Lysosomes and cell membrane.
Secretion: Releasing substances that influence other cell activities.
- Organelles responsible: All organelles.
Absorption: Taking in nutrients and water molecules.
- Organelles responsible: Cell membrane and vesicles.
Respiration: Process where cells break down food to release energy.
- Organelles responsible: Mitochondria.
Biosynthesis: Breaking down old cell parts to make new cell parts.
- Organelles responsible: Lysosomes.
Response: A reaction to a stimulus.
- Organelles responsible: All organelles.
Reproduction: The division of cells (mitosis and meiosis).
- Organelles responsible: Nucleus and centrioles.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the fundamental concepts of cytology, including the cell theory and the structure-function relationship of cells. This quiz covers key scientists and their contributions to cell biology. Refresh your understanding of tissues, organs, and organ systems.