CST 111 Citation Past Paper 2024 PDF

CITATION AND CITATION FORMATS DR S. A. OGUNTAYO CENTRE FOR LEARNING RESOURCES  WHAT IS CITATION? “showing where you get a piece of information” The information may be a direct quotation, a statistics, an idea, someone else’s opinion or illustrations etc.  WHY SHOULD YOU CI...

CITATION AND CITATION FORMATS DR S. A. OGUNTAYO CENTRE FOR LEARNING RESOURCES  WHAT IS CITATION? “showing where you get a piece of information” The information may be a direct quotation, a statistics, an idea, someone else’s opinion or illustrations etc.  WHY SHOULD YOU CITE THE WORK CONSULTED?  To acknowledge the contributions of others;  To serve as a guide to the reader;  To check on the qualities of the sources;  To acquire more information if need be.  Examples of citation formats. American Psychological Association (APA) Book: Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the book: Subtitle if any. Publisher. DOI or URL (if applicable) Example: Smith, J. A. (2020). Understanding human behavior: A guide to psychology. Psychology Press.  Journal Article Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of the article. Title of the Journal, volume(issue), page range https://doi.org/xx.xxxxxxxxxx Example: Johnson, L. M., & Green, R. S. (2022). The impact of social media on mental health. Journal of Psychology Research, 15(3), 45– 60. https://doi.org/10.1234/psychres.2022.045  Chicago Style (Footnotes) Book Footnote: John Smith, The History of Psychology (New York: Academic Press, 2020), 45.Bibliography:Smith, John. The History of Psychology. New York: Academic Press, 2020.  Chicago Style (Footnotes) Journal Article Footnote: 2. Jane Doe, "Social Media and Mental Health," Journal of Psychology Research 15, no. 3 (2022): 50–60, https://doi.org/10.1234/psychres.2022.045. Bibliography: Doe, Jane. "Social Media and Mental Health." Journal of Psychology Research 15, no. 3 (2022): 50–60. https://doi.org/10.1234/psychres.2022.045.  Modern Language Association (MLA) Book Format: Author Last Name, First Name. Title of the Book. Publisher, Year. Example:Smith, John. The Art of Writing. Penguin, 2020.  Modern Language Association (MLA) Article in a Journal Format: Author Last Name, First Name. "Title of the Article." Title of the Journal, vol. #, no. #, Year, pp. #-#. DOI or URL (if available). Example: Brown, Lisa. "Exploring Literary Themes in Modern Fiction." Journal of Literature Studies, vol. 15, no. 3, 2021, pp. 45-62. https://doi.org/10.1234/jls.2021.003.  Modern Language Association (MLA) Article in a Magazine Format: Author Last Name, First Name. "Title of the Article." Title of the Magazine, Day Month Year, pp. #-#. Example:Johnson, Amy. "The Rise of Digital Publishing." Writers' Digest, 10 May 2022, pp. 30-35.  Modern Language Association (MLA) Website Format: Author Last Name, First Name. "Title of the Web Page." Website Name, Publisher (if different from website name), Day Month Year, URL. Example:Taylor, Mark. "Understanding Shakespearean Drama." Literary Analysis Online, 5 Feb. 2023, www.literaryanalysisonline.com/shakespeare -drama.  Modern Language Association (MLA) Chapter in an Edited Book Format: Author Last Name, First Name. "Title of the Chapter." Title of the Book, edited by Editor's Name(s), Publisher, Year, pp. #-#. Example:Miller, Susan. "The Role of Women in 19th Century Literature." Perspectives on Gender Studies, edited by Jane Roberts, Cambridge University Press, 2019, pp. 112- 130.  Modern Language Association (MLA) E-Book Format: Author Last Name, First Name. Title of the E-Book. Publisher, Year. e-book platform. Example:Wilson, Rebecca. Digital Storytelling for Beginners. HarperCollins, 2022. Kindle Edition.  REFERENCES Abbas, J. Wang D. Su Z. & Ziappur A. (2021).The role of social media in the advent of COVID-19 pandemic: Crisis management, mental health challenges and implications Journal of Risk Management and Health Care Policy (14) Badubi, R. M. (2017). Theories of motivation and their application in organizations: A risk analysis. International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development, 3(3), 44– 51https://doi.org/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.33.2004. Chidi, H. & Nwachukwu, V. (2015). Acquisition of digital library skills by library staff in Benue State, Nigeria Information and Knowledge Management Volume 5 (11) 5-10 Dahunsi, F. M., & Akinlabi, A. A. (2019). Measuring mobile broadband performance in Nigeria: 2G and 3G. Nigerian Journal of Technology, 38(2), 422. https://doi.org/10.4314/njt.v38i2.19.  BIBLIOGRAPHY A list of all the sources you utilized to gather information for your assignment, including those you cited and those you did not, are called a bibliography. APPENDICES Items/materials you used in the course of writing the work. These include: Letter of introduction/Permission to conduct the interview, raw data, Figures, Diagrams, pictures, Statistical tables, Computer Programs, Tables etc.  Information Sources and Access (I) Library catalog; (OPAC) (ii) Databases and Print Indexes ScienceDirect; Proquest; Agora (iii) Web indexes and Search Engines General Web Indexes: Yahoo Directory; DMOZ (Open Directory Project) A collaborative effort to build a comprehensive directory of websites.Example Entry:Category: Sports > Soccer > ClubsTitle: Manchester United Official WebsiteURL: www.manutd.com  Information Sources and Access Specialized Indexes PubMed (Biomedical Literature) E-Commerce Web Indexes Amazon (Product Listings)Category: Electronics > SmartphonesTitle: Samsung Galaxy S21 Ultra Academic Indexes : Google Scholar Category: Artificial Intelligence > Machine Learning  PLAGIARISM The act of using someone else's work, ideas, words, or intellectual property without proper acknowledgment, and presenting it as one's own.  Types of Plagiarism  Direct Plagiarism:  Self-Plagiarism:  Paraphrasing Plagiarism: Rewriting someone else’s ideas or text in your own words without citing the original source.  Mosaic Plagiarism: Combining phrases or pieces of content from different sources without crediting the authors  Accidental Plagiarism: Failing to cite a source correctly or unintentionally neglecting to credit someone else’s work.  Source-Based Plagiarism: Using incorrect or fabricated citations to give the impression of legitimate sourcing.  Academic Plagiarism:  Submitting an essay copied from the internet as your own work.  Using parts of a published research paper without proper citation.  Paraphrasing a textbook's explanation of a concept but not mentioning the source.  Copying another student's assignment, even with their permission.  Consequences of Plagiarism in Academia: Academic Penalties: Failing grades for assignments or courses. Revocation of degrees or certifications. Reputational Damage: Loss of credibility as a student or researcher. Blacklisting in academic and professional communities. Legal Repercussions: Copyright infringement lawsuits in some cases. Financial penalties or legal actions. Ethical Implications: Breach of trust in scholarly communities. Undermines intellectual honesty and learning.  Prevention of Plagiarism:  Cite Sources Properly: Use Plagiarism Checkers: Use Tools like Turnitin, Grammarly, or Copyscape to detect unintentional plagiarism.  Paraphrase Correctly: When rephrasing ideas, ensure you understand the source and acknowledge it appropriately.  Develop Original Ideas: Use your own critical thinking and creativity to contribute to your field of study.  Learn Citation Techniques: Familiarize yourself with the rules of proper academic referencing.