CSP Workshop- SMS (1) PDF

WORKBOOK DOMAIN – 2 Management Systems ISO 45001- OHSMS It provides a framework for organization to manage risks and improve OH&S performance. ISO 45001 is based on PDCA cycle – Plan Do Check and ACT. What are clauses? They are distinct sections that address a specific aspect o...

WORKBOOK DOMAIN – 2 Management Systems ISO 45001- OHSMS It provides a framework for organization to manage risks and improve OH&S performance. ISO 45001 is based on PDCA cycle – Plan Do Check and ACT. What are clauses? They are distinct sections that address a specific aspect of OH& S Total – 10 clauses Clause 1 – Scope It defines the boundaries and applicability of OSH management system within the organization. Clause 2- Normative Reference These are standards, documents, or regulations Clause 3- Terms and Definitions Clause 4- Context of the Organization Internal Issues- Products, services capabilities (People, knowledge, process, systems), Organization activities , strategic directions. External Issues- Cultural, social , political, financial, economic, SWOT- Strength Weakness Opportunities and Threats Interested Parties: Internal and external Stakeholders Internal Stakeholders: workers, managers, contractors, suppliers, clients External Stakeholders: Consumers, regulators, the media, communities, general public. Clause 5- Leadership This includes 1. Leadership and Commitment 2. OH & S policy 3. Organisational Role, Responsibilities and authorities Clause 6- Planning These include: 1. Actions to address risks and opportunities 2. OH& S objectives and planning to achieve them. Clause 7 – Support This includes 1. Resources 2. Communication 3. Awareness 4. Competence 5. Documented Information Clause 8 – Operation This included 1. Operational Planning and control – SOP’s 2. Emergency Preparedness and Response Clause – 9 Performance Evaluation This Includes 1. Monitoring, measurement analysis and performance evaluation 2. Internal Audits 3. Management Review Clause 10- Improvement It includes Areas of improvements Culture of continual improvement OSHAS 18001- British Std, Reactive Approach, solely concerned with hazard controls ISO 45001- ISO, Proactive Approach, Places emphasis on risk ISO14001EMS IT COVERS 1. Context of Organization 2. Leadership 3. Planning 4. Support 5. Operation 6. Performance Evaluation 7. Improvement Benefits of ISO 14001 1. Improve overall environmental impact 2. Meet legal obligations 3. Reduce waste 4. Cost effectiveness 5. Improve resource efficiency 6. CSR 7. Increases new business opportunities ISO 9001- QMS PDCA cycle Benefits of ISO 9001 1. Increases new business opportunities 2. Continually improve processes 3. Save Costs Iso 9001 MEANS that the organization 1. Follows guidelines 2. Fullfills its requirements  3. Meets the customer requirements 4. Maintains documentation IMS- Integrated Management System Benefits of IMS 1. Eliminate Redundancies 2. Improves performance 3. Cost Reduction 4. Integrated Audits 5. Improved Decision making 6. Optimizes process and resources ISO 19011- Guidelines on how to conduct an Audit. ISO 31001- RM ISO 22001 FSMS ANSI Z10 OHSMS- Recommended std ANSI- American National Standards Institute Z10 – US laws and regulation Note= 7 Clauses Context of Org Planning Support Operations Evaluations and CA MR ANSI= Sets the standards for PPE Classification of Safety Helmets? (ANSI) Class G E and C OSHA VPP AUDITS Safety Audit and Safety Inspection? Audit Terminologies 1. Audit Scope The boundaries and extend of an audit EG: A part of the process or certain timeframe 2. Audit Plan Who is creating audit plan? Ans) Lead Auditor What is the use of audit plan? Ans) For systematic scheduling and implementation of audit 3. Audit objective The goal behind the audit Eg: Certification, legal purposes 4. Audit Criteria Standards in which we are auding or the reference Eg: ISO or ANZI 5. Audit Programme The detailed spec of what is happening in an audit. 6. NCR= Non Conformity Report What is the difference between compliance and conformity ? Non-Conformity: Not following a part of ISO Management System Non-Compliance: not following a law, regulation or contract. How do you identify a major or minor NCR? Major= Major Deviation from the std Minor- Slight deviation How and NCR can be closed? Corrective Action= Action Plan What is an Action Plan- Who is responsible for doing what action within what time frame. Q) Is it mandatory for an organization to close out observation? It is a recommendation and non mandatory Shall- Mandatory Should- Recommendation Timeline for Closing an NCR? Ans) 90 Days Internal and External Audits System Safety Techniques 1. FTA- Fault Tree Analysis  Its Backward Approach  Top -Down Approach Event- Forklift has toppled - Overspeed - Untrained Personnel - Lack of maintenance It is a deductive technique- Top Down approach It can be both qualitative and quantitative It uses Logic gates and Boolean Algebra - Common Gates And Gate-The event will occur only if all the sub events will occur simultaneously Eg- Fire Triangle- Fuel + Heat + Oxygen OR gate- The event will occur if any of the subevents occur Eg: Explosive range of Methane 5 to 15 % What is the use of FTA? For accident Investigation- ETA- Event Tree Analysis - It is a Forward Approach - Bottom Up Approach - Inductive Analysis – Forward Approach - It can be both qualitative and quantitative - It is a consequence based approach Where is ETA used? To establish the efficiency of a system. How to establish the efficiency of a system? By analysing the reliability of a system. BOW Tie – Cause based approach + Consequence Based approach FMEA= Failure Modes and Effects Analysis - It is a Forward approach - It’s a Bottom up approach - It is an Inductive analysis- Forward approach - It can be both qualitative and quantitative - It is a consequence- Based approach Risk- S X L In FMEA risk is known by RPN- Risk Priority Number It has 3 factors- L X S X Detectability FMECA- Failure Modes Effects and Criticality Analysis HAZOP= Hazard and Operability study - Used in Process plant operations How is this used? - It uses Guide words+ Process parameters to find out deviations Guide Words- Low , high, more or less etc Consequences of the deviation and whether the controls are effective Note: A team is conducting HAZOP study and Creates the report. Nodes: The areas or locations in which deviations are studied. It is a forward approach It is a qualitative analysis not a quantitative analysis It is Inductive analysis It is a Top down approach we are starting from a process and then trying to find deviations MORT- Management Oversight and Risk Tree Used in accident Investigations More into management failure MORT is similar to FTA Q) Near Miss reporting is Leading or lagging indicator? Near Miss itself is a lagging indicator but near miss reporting is a leading indicator Theories 1. Dominos Theory by Heinrich Who is considered as the father of safety? Ans) Heinrich  Injury > Accident> Unsafe Act/condition > Fault of person > Social Environmental/ Ancestry. 3E principle by Heinrich Engineering + Education and Enforcement 2. McGregor Theory X and Y This talks about the workers attitude towards work. Theory X is negative- worker is not interested to work and needs motivation Theory Y is positive- Worker is interested to do the job and self motivation 3. Herzberg Two factor Theory- Hygiene and Motivation factors Hygiene factors- workplace conditions, work environment Motivational Factors- salary, relationship with management 4. Maslows Hierarchy Of Needs OSHA Incident Rate= No. of recordable injuries x 200,000 Total Manhours worked