CPAR Reviewer Week 1 (Mod 1) PDF

**CPAR Reviewer** **WEEK 1 (Mod 1)** - The development of the Philippine arts comes in **three major traditions.** - **Ethnic Tradition** - **Spanish Colonial Tradition** - **American Colonia Tradition** - **Ethnic Tradition** - Even before the colonization, th...

**CPAR Reviewer** **WEEK 1 (Mod 1)** - The development of the Philippine arts comes in **three major traditions.** - **Ethnic Tradition** - **Spanish Colonial Tradition** - **American Colonia Tradition** - **Ethnic Tradition** - Even before the colonization, the Philippines already has its indigenous arts. In this era, art forms were primarily influenced by the area where our ancestors prosper. - Art forms are primarily influenced by the **geographical location** and the **experiences of the Filipinos** (Luzviminda & Sayseng, 2016). In this time, the purpose of arts is integral to life. Arts reflected the pagan beliefs and practices, everyday activity such as fishing and farming, and specific decorative art pattern to the community. - ***The Angono Petroglyphs*** is situated in Binangonan, Rizal. It was discovered by the National Artist, Carlos "Botong" Francisco, in 1965. There are 127 human and animal figures engraved on the rock wall and dated back - ***Manunggul jar*** is found in Manunggul Cave, Lipuun Point, Palawan in the early 1960s. Manunggul jar is a burial jar which signifies the belief of early Filipino in life after death. - ***Banga*** literally means pots. The Banga or pot dance is a performance of Kalinga of the Mountain Province of the Philippines. This dance shows the elegant grace of Igorot tribe and the skill and strength of women. - **Spanish Colonial Tradition** - American Colonial and Contempo rary Arts Traditionssecularization. - Art forms were primarily influenced by religion and secularization. In this time, Spaniards used arts to propagate the Catholic faith. - ***Langit, lupa, at Impyerno*** - by Josef Luciano Dans This wall painting by Josef Luciano Dans will be found in St. James the Apostle Church in Paete, Laguna. This painting was dated 1850 and depicts the heaven, crucifixion of Christ; earth, Adan and Eve; and hell, sinners with different transgression - ***St. Paul Metropolitan Cathedral*** is located in Burgos, Vigan City, Ilocos Sur. The original structure was built in 1574 and replaced as a church in 1641. The cathedral follows a Baroque architectural design. - **American Colonial and Contemporary Arts Traditions** - During American rule, development of Philippine art forms was mainly influenced by education and governance. - The two features of American Colonial and Contemporary Tradition are: a. ***Modern art*** - refers to the practice of art from 1860s to 1960s. the main theme of art works in this time is national identity. b. ***Contemporary art*** - refers to the practice of art from 1970s to the present. Contemporary arts mirror contemporary culture and society. Diverse and emerging art practices were being introduced in this era. - ***Modern Art*** - ***The Making of the Philippine Flag -*** by Fernando Amorsolo This painting was made by Fernando Amorsolo, "Grand Old Man of Philippine Art" and born in Manila. It shows a reminder of the reminder of traditions and customs of the Filipino. - ***Bayanihan*** - by Carlos "Botong" Francisco Carlos "Botong" Francisco was born in Ango, Rizal. This painting by him was dated in 1962. This mural painting of Carlos "Botong" Francisco shows the Filipino's bayanihan tradition. This also shows the distinctive style of Francisco's painting that showcased his mastery in arts. - **Contemporary Arts** - ***Cinco Marias (Tres Marias Series)*** - by Federico Aguilar Alcuaz Federico Aguilas Alcuaz was born in Santa Cruz, Manila. Cinco Marias (Tres Marias Series) depicts the variety of domestic activities (Guillermo, 2007) - ***Art Installation in Sand Dunes of Paoay*** - by Leeroy New Leeroy New is one of the Philippines contemporary artists. He is born in General SANTOS City. This art installation of Leeroy New was made for the La Milagrosa Festival in Ilocos Norte. According to Leeroy New, the art installation symbolizes the great festivals, feasts and celebrations (Lape𝑛̃a, 2012). - **Elements of Art** 1. **Space** In visual arts, space pertains to emptiness which may either be positive space or negative space. Positive space refers to a part which is enclosed in a shape, while negative space refers to the opposite part which the shape is enclosing. 2. **Line** In visual arts, a line is a series of connected points. It may come in two characteristics: form -- curved, dotted, or broken lines; and direction -- vertical, horizontal, or diagonal lines. Different types of lines may convey different meanings. For example, a horizontal line usually suggests calmness, vert ical lines may convey strength, diagonal lines create an impression of action, curved lines create an expression of gradual change of direction, and circular line may pertain an abrupt change of direction. 3. **Shape and Form** Shape is an area that is enclosed by a line or lines. Shapes are two dimensional figures with height and width. There are different kinds of shapes and these are geometric shapes (triangle, squares, rectangle, etc.), organic shapes (shapes found in nature, e.g. shape of a leaf or cloud), abstract shapes (asymmetrical and free flowing shapes). Meanwhile, forms are three dimensional figures. Its dimensions are height, width, and volume. Unlike shapes, it has more depth. 4. **Color** In visual arts, color is associated with the natural phenomenon in our environment. Scientifically, when a light passes through a prism, it will produce different hues of different wavelengths. These colors may pertain to lightness, darkness, coolness, or warmth. 5. **Value** In visual arts, value is considered a property of a color which pertains to its lightness or darkness. 6. **Texture** In visual arts, texture is the element that appeals to our sense of feel on things, rough, smooth, bumpy, or slippery. It pertains to the surface of an art piece. - **Principles of Art** 1. **Proportion** Proportion refers to the relationship of the size of elements in a body of art. For example, when drawing a human standing beside a house, it is important to ensure that the size of the human is proportional to the size of the house. 2. **Harmony** In visual arts, harmony is the unity of the artwork, specifically about the arrangement of the related elements. 3. **Variety** In other terms, variety may be referred to as diversity. This means adding multiple, different elements to break the monotony of an artwork and make it more interesting. 4. **Movement** In arts, movement is the illusion of motion in a painting, sculpture design, or in a piece of art. 5. **Rhythm** This refers to the repetition of certain elements to produce a pattern. In visual arts, repeated design elements may create a certain flow and may lead the viewer's eyes. 6. **Balance** Balance refers to the even and equal distribution of elements. 7. **Emphasis** Emphasis is a principle which may refer to the greater impact given on a certain element. **WEEK 2 (Mod 2)** - **Contemporary Art** Contemporary Art is influenced by the economic, social, political and environmental context where the artist is immersed in. It can be said that Contemporary Art is the artist's expression of his perception and comprehension of these contexts. Contemporary Arts in the Philippines is as diverse as our people. Contemporary Philippine Art is not confined to the usual genres of the four main art forms, namely, visual, literary, applied and performing arts. Genres are categories of artistic creation and are characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter. Many other genres came up which include pure are forms as well as mixed art forms. The following are examples from each art form: +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **Example of | | | | | Contemporary | | | | | Art Forms** | | | | +=================+=================+=================+=================+ | **Visual Arts** | **Performance | **Applied | **Literary | | | Arts** | Arts** | Arts** | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | - Pop art | - Music: | - Video art | - Illustrated | | | blues, | | Novel | | | electronic, | | | | | experimenta | | | | | l, | | | | | funk, | | | | | hip-hop, | | | | | jazz, | | | | | metal, pop, | | | | | rock, roots | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | - Word art | - | - | - Digi-Fictio | | | | | n | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | - Conceptual | - | - Photography | - Graphic | | art | | | Novels | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | - Installatio | - Theater | - Computer | - Manga | | n | Art: stage, | Art | | | art | film, | | | | | street play | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | - Photorealis | - | - | - Doodle | | m | | | Fiction | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | - Contemporar | - Dance: | - Film and | - Text-Talk | | y | flash mob, | Broadcastin | Novels | | Realism | Street | g | | | | Dances | | | | | comprising | | | | | hip-hop, | | | | | funk, house | | | | | and rave | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | - Graffiti | - | - Architectur | - Chick | | art | | e, | Literature | | | | Design and | | | | | Applied | | | | | Arts | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | - | - | - | - Flash | | | | | Fiction | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | - | - | - | - Hyper | | | | | Poetry | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | - | - | - | - Blog | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ - **Expressions of Contemporary Philippine Art** are influenced by **social, historical, geographical, ideational, personal and technical factors**. These factors are imbibed by the artist and are combined to get immersed in the heart, to get molded in the mind and to be propelled in the hands to create an expressive reality - **Elements of Contemporary Art** Contemporary Arts have different elements that are put together to come up with a distinct artwork. These elements include: 1. **Appropriation**, this relates to the modifications made by the artist. 2. **Hybridity**, this refers in the use of different art mediums that are put together. 3. **Technology**, its application highlights the creativity of the artist. 4. **Performance**, carried out for viewers to experience. 5. **Space**, intricate use of space - **Contemporary Art Forms from the Philippine Regions** 6. **Communal nature**, as it reflects the relationships build around the bonds of community and society. 7. **Intuitive**, as Filipinos are immersed in their consciousness of themselves, their community and their culture. 8. **Holistic**, as individuals, groups of people and events are perceived in their entirety as well as the unitive use of art materials and forms. 9. **Creative process**, as the artist puts more emphasis on now their artwork was made than on the artwork itself. 10. **Integrative**, as it encompasses religious, moral, spiritual, social, and environmental concerns. 11. **Multi-focal**, as it considers everything and everyone, the wide perspective of the artwork as well as both artist and viewer **WEEK 3 (Mod 3)** - **PHILIPPINE CONTEMPORARY ARTS** Philippine contemporary arts can be described into visual arts, literary arts and performing arts. Visual art is an expression of artistic ideas through images, structures, 9 and tactile work. Some visual artworks are integrated which means it combines several mediums to create new and unique artwork. Painting, sculpture, architecture, and film are examples of visual arts. - **Painting** Painting the **expression of ideas and emotions**, with the creation of certain aesthetic qualities, in a two-dimensional visual language. The elements of this language -- **its shapes, lines, colors, tones, and textures** -- are used in various ways to produce sensations of volume, space, movement, and light on a flat surface. The first paintings here in the Philippines are commissioned works during Spanish colonization. Here are some paintings from Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Luzon** | **Visayas** | **Mindanao** | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | |  | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **The Sketch** | **Magellan's Cross** | **Salaam (Peace)** | | | | | | by Victorio Edades | by Raul Agas | by Rameer Tawasil | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ - **Sculpture** The sculpture **is an art form in which hard or plastic materials are worked into three-dimensional art objects.** Filipino sculptors came to be known in the middle of the 19th century. These are some of the sculptures in the Philippines. +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Luzon** | **Visayas** | **Mindanao** | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ |  | |  | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **The Sketch** | **Magellan's Cross** | **Salaam (Peace)** | | | | | | by Victorio Edades | by Raul Agas | by Rameer Tawasil | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Luzon** | **Visayas** | **Mindanao** | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | |  | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **The Bonifacio | **Sandugo (Blood | **Six Ladies in | | Monument** | Compact)** | Durian** | | | | | | By Guillermo | By Napoleon Abueva | By Kublai Millan | | Tolentino | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ - **Architecture** Architecture is **the art and practice of designing and constructing buildings** (Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus). In relation to that, Philippine architecture was characterized as simple, rational, and functional. In the 20th century, the young Filipino who studied in American colleges and institutes introduced the neoclassic style in building structures. However, after World War II, real estate development started to take place (Sandagan & Sayseng, 2016). To illustrate these architectural designs, these are some examples from Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Luzon** | **Visayas** | **Mindanao** | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ |  | | ) | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Cultural Center of | **Saint Andrew the | **Pearl Farm Beach | | the Philippines** By | Apostle Church** By | Resort** | | Leandro Locsin | Leandro Locsin | | | | | By Francisco Manosa | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ - **Film** Film is **a form of visual art use to imitate experiences that communicate ideas, stories, or feelings with the use of moving images.** It is also called a movie or motion picture. Moreover, the art form that is the result of the film is called cinema (Faber & Walters, 2003). The film industry in the Philippines started in 1897. In the contemporary period, martyr wife, superhero, action, melodramas, and comedies are some of the usual subjects and themes in the Philippine films. Some films in the Philippines are presented below +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Luzon** | **Visayas** | **Mindanao** | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | Himala (1982) by |  | film + cast \... | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Himala** | **Muro-Ami** | **Mindanao** | | | | | | By Ishmael Berna | By Marilou Diaz-Abay | By Brillante Mendoza | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ - **Literary arts** - are **an expression of ideas through writing**. Literary arts can be **categorized as poetry, prose, and drama.** In the Philippines, literary arts are greatly encountered in literature. - **Literature** According to Lombardi (2020), literature **is a term used to describe written and sometimes spoken material.** Derived from the Latin word literature meaning \"writing formed with letters,\" literature most commonly refers to works of the creative imagination, including poetry, drama, fiction, nonfiction, and in some instances, journalism, and song. These are some examples of Philippine literature. +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Luzon** | **Visayas** | **Mindanao** | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | - A Blade of Fern | - Panhayhay hin | - Dead Stars by | | by Edith Ocampo | Bungtohanon by | H.O. Santos | | | Francisco | | | | Alvarado | - Indarapatra at | | | | Sulayman by | | - I Saw the Fall of | - An Higugma by | Bartolome Del | | the Philippines | Iluminado Lucente | Valle | | by Carlos P. | | | | Romulo | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ - **Performing Arts** A person doing certain actions and movements in front of an audience that go along with sound in a space and time - **Music and Theater** Music is **a collection of coordinated sound or sounds**. According to Ramon P. Santos in his article entitles Contemporary Music, **Contemporary music in the Philippines usually refers to compositions that have adopted ideas and elements from twentieth-century art music in the West, as well as the latest trends and musical styles in the entertainment industry.** Filipino Music had already a rich and unique musical tradition long before westerners set foot on our native land. Music was present in every stage of our ancestors' lives --- from birth to death, in blissful or tragic times. Below are some Music from the different Regions of our country **Luzon** **Visayas** **Mindanao** ------------------------ ---------------- --------------  **Pastores** **Pinalangga** **Buyayang** - **Theatre** is a **collaborative form of fine art** that uses **live performers to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place.** The performers may communicate this experience to the audience through combinations of 12 gesture, speech, song, music, or dance. Some of the Theater Play in the Philippines are the following **Luzon Visayas**  **Tanikalang Ginto Moro-moro** - **Dance** +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Luzon** | **Visayas** | **Mindanao** | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | |  | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Banga** | **Kuratsa** | **Mindanao** | | | | | | | | By Brillante Mendoza | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ Dance, **the movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually to music and within a given space, for the purpose of expressing an idea or emotion, releasing energy, or simply taking delight in the movement itself**. Dances in the Philippines vary from Region to Region and below are some dances of the different regions. - The Philippines value many significant Filipino artist who have a prominent contribution to the promotion and preservation of our cultural heritage. They have made a notable contribution in their own field of expertise, obtaining them the Order of National Artist. Categories for the Order of National Artist are, Music, Dance, Theater, Visual Arts, Literature, film and Broadcast Arts and Architecture or Allied Arts. - **The Order of National Artist** - **The Order of the National Artists Award (Orden ng Gawad Pambansang Alagad ng Sining)** is the **highest national recognition given to Filipino individuals who have made significant contributions to the development of Philippine arts.** The order is concurrent administered by the **National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA)** and **Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP)** and conferred by the President of the Philippines upon recommendation by both institutions. - The award is one of the Honors conferred by the Republic of the Philippines that represents the nation's highest ideals in the humanities and aesthetic expression through the recognizable achievements of individual citizens. The said achievements are measured in terms of their vision, unusual insight, creativity and imagination, technical proficiency of the highest order in expressing Filipino culture and traditions, history, way of life, and aspirations. - Under the **Proclamation No.1001 dated April 27, 1972** the **Order of the National Artist Award (Orden ng Gawad Pambansang Alagad ng Sining was established**. It gives an appropriate recognition and prestige to Filipinos who have acclaimed themselves and made a remarkable contribution to Philippine arts and letters. **The first award was given to Fernando Amorsolo. On May 15, 1973** under the Proclamation **No. 1144, CCP Board of Trustees was named as the National Artist Awards Committee**. The **Presidential Decree No.28 that was issued on June 7, 1973 reiterated the mandate of CCP to administer the National Awards as well as the privileges and honors to National Artist.** - **The Order of National Artists aims to recognize:** 1. The Filipino artists who have made significant contributions to the cultural heritage of the country. 2. The Filipino artistic accomplishment at its highest level and to promote creative expression as significant to the development of a national cultural identity. 3. The Filipino artists who have dedicated their lives to their works to forge new paths and directions for future generations of Filipino artists. 4. - the seven categories under which National Artists can be recognized: 12. **Literature** -- poetry, fiction, essay, playwriting, journalism and/or literary criticism; 13. **Film and Broadcasting / Broadcast Arts** -- direction, writing, production design, cinematography, editing, camera work, and/or performance; and 14. **Architecture, Design and Allied** Arts -- architecture design, interior design, industrial arts design, landscape architecture and fashion design. 15. **Music** - singing, composition, direction, and/or performance; 16. **Dance** - choreography, direction and/or performance; 17. **Theater** -- direction, performance and/or production design; 18. **Visual Arts** -- painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, installation art, mixed media works, illustration, graphic arts, performance art and/or imaging - **Qualifications for the National Artist Award** The qualifications for a Filipino to be nominated and selected are rigorous. Below are the qualifications for the National Artist Award. 1. Living artists who are natural-born Filipino citizens. 2. The content and form of their work have procured in building a Filipino sense of nationhood. 3. An artist who have developed a mode of creative expression or style and living a legend on succeeding generations of artists. 4. An artist who manifest excellence in the practice of their art form 5. The artwork made has attained an international and national recognition. - **Insignia of the Order of the National Artists** The insignia of the Order of the National Artists is formed from a Grand Collar featuring circular links depicting the arts and an eight-pointed sunburst suspended from a sampaguita wreath in green and white enamel. The center of the badge is divided into three equal portions, in red, white and blue representing the Philippine Flag with three stylized letter K's that stands for the CCP's motto " **Katotohanan, Kabutihan at Kagandahan** " (**The true, the good and the beautiful** ). The Grand Collar is made from silver gilt bronze. - **National Artists of the Philippines** The following are the National Artists of the Philippines grouped according to their categories and arranged to the chronology of National Artist Award: +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Architecture** | - 1973 Juan Nakpil | | | | | | - 1976 Pablo Antonio | | | | | | - 1990 Leondro V. Locsin | | | | | | - 2006 Ramon Valera | | | | | | - 2014 Jose Maria Zaragoza | | | | | | - 2006 I.P Santos | +===================================+===================================+ | **Dance** | - 1973 Francisca Reyes Aquino | | | | | | - 1976 Leonor Orosa-Goquingco | | | | | | - 1988 Lucrecia Reyes Urtula | | | | | | - 2006 Ramon Obusan | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Film** | - 1982 Gerardo de Leon | | | | | | - 1997 Lino Brocka | | | | | | - 2001 Ishmael Bernal | | | | | | - 2003 Eddie S. Romero | | | | | | - 2009 Manuel Conde | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Literature** | - 1973 Amado V. Hernadez | | | | | | - 1973 Jose Garcia Villa | | | | | | - 1976 Nick Joaquin | | | | | | - 10 | | | | | | - 1982 Calos P. Romulo | | | | | | - 1990 Francisco Arcellana | | | | | | - 1997 N.V. M Gonzales | | | | | | - 1997 Carlos Quirino | | | | | | - 1999 Edith L. Tiempo | | | | | | - 2001 F. Sionil Jose | | | | | | - 2003 Virgilio S. Almario | | | | | | - 2006 Bienvenido Lumbera | | | | | | - 2009 Lazaro Francisco | | | | | | - 2014 Cirilo F. Bautista | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Music** | - 1973 Antonio J. Molina | | | | | | - 1976 Jovita Fuentes | | | | | | - 1988 Antonio R. Buenaventura | | | | | | - 1989 Lucrecia R. Kasilag | | | | | | - 1991 Lucio D. San Pedro | | | | | | - 1997 Felipe Padilla de Leon | | | | | | - 1997 Jose Maceda | | | | | | - 1997 Levi Celerio | | | | | | - 1999 Ernani Joson Cuenco | | | | | | - 1999 Andrea O. Veneracion | | | | | | - 2014 Francisco Feliciano | | | | | | - 2014 Ramon Santos | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Theater** | - 1987 Honorata \" Atang\" de | | | la Rama | | | | | | - 1997 Levi Celerio | | | | | | - 1997 Wlfrido Ma. Guerero | | | | | | - 1997 Rolando S. Tinio | | | | | | - 1999 Daisy Avellana | | | | | | - 2001 Severino Montano | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Visual Arts** | - 1972 Fernando C. Amorsolo | | | | | | - 1973 Carlos \" Botong\" V. | | | Francisco | | | | | | - 1973 Guillermo E. Tolentino | | | | | | - 1976 Victorio C. Edades | | | | | | - 1976 Napoleon V. Abueva | | | | | | - 1981 Vicente Manansala | | | | | | - 1990 Cesar Legaspi | | | | | | - 1991 Hernando R. Ocampo | | | | | | - 1997 Arturo R. Luz | | | | | | - 1999 J. Elizalde Navarro | | | | | | - 11 | | | | | | - 2001 Ang Kiukok | | | | | | - 2003 Jose T. Joya | | | | | | - 2006 Abdulmari Asia Imao | | | | | | - 2006 Bencab | | | | | | - 2009 Federico Aguillar Alcuaz | | | | | | - 2014 Francisco Coching | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ - **Some works of Filipino National Artist** - The works of National Artist can be found in different University Campuses. One example is the University of the Philippines in Diliman, Quezon City. The known school symbol is based on Oblation made by the sculptor Guillermo Tolentino. This work of art depicts a male nude with arms outstretched that represents a gesture of sacrifice and freedom. Guillermo Tolentino is a pioneer of academic tradition in sculpture like Fernando Amorsolo in Painting. Fernando Amorsolo is known for its romantic paintings of bucolic landscapes and idealized portraits of well-known individuals from the Commonwealth Period and the Second World War. His works can be seen also at the National Museum.Awarded in 1976, Napoleon Abueva had contributed to the University's Visual Arts Heritage. - In the Virata School of Business, Jose Tanig Joya's mural can be seen entitled Barter of Panay (1978). This work of art is rendered in the Abstract expressionist style and it consists of soft, overlapping planes of black, white, orange, brown and golden yellow. The Church of the Holy Sacrifice in UP Diliman which was inaugurated in 1955 was credited to be the First Catholic Church in the country that were able to employ a circular architecture with a fine thin shell dome. Intricate mathematical computations with the increasing popularity of concrete that serve as the building material enabled the smooth rounded church construction. The said church is recognized as a National Historical Landmark as well as a Cultural Treasure by the National Historical Institute. - Jose Maceda's Pagsamba involved a hundred mixed voices and indigenous musical instruments like bamboo buzzers, clappers and the like. UP center for Ethnomusicology was also founded by him where he donated his valuable collections of sound recordings, field notes and the like in Ethnomusicology in the Philippines and South East Asia. In line with this, he was recognized by the UNESCO Memory of the World.