CPAR - Lesson 6 PDF

The principles of art are an organized way that the elements of art are arranged in a work of art. The elements can be arranged in a work to produce balance, harmony, unity, rhythm, proportion, variety, emphasis, and movement. So, the principles of art are dependent on the elements. PRINCIPLES OF...

The principles of art are an organized way that the elements of art are arranged in a work of art. The elements can be arranged in a work to produce balance, harmony, unity, rhythm, proportion, variety, emphasis, and movement. So, the principles of art are dependent on the elements. PRINCIPLES OF ART 3. CONTRAST- A large difference between two things to create interest and tension. 4. MOVEMENT - A regular repetition of elements to produce the look and feel of movement. 5. PATTERN AND REPETITION - The uniform repetition of any of the elements of art or any combination thereof. Anything can be turned into a pattern through repetition 6. UNITY/VARIETY - When all the elements and principles work together to create a pleasing image. You want your work to feel unified such that all the elements fit together comfortably. Too much unity creates monotony, too much variety creates chaos. 7. PROPORTION - The comparative relationship of one part to another with respect to size, quantity, or degree; Each visual art form not only exhibits the skills of the artists, but also showcases the ideas coming from the mind of that artists. Understanding the elements and principles of contemporary arts is vital in appreciating all of the art forms in the Philippines. LINE. Solid lines can be used in order to define form while broken lines are typically used to suggest hidden forms. LINE COLOR is associated with our experiences of cold and warmth, and the quality of light in our tropical environment, the cycles of night and day, of darkness and light. One of its aspects is hue, which has to do with how light waves of various lengths and rapidity of vibrations bounce off objects and enters our eyes. COLOR  Hues vary in saturation, intensity or brilliance- another aspect of color. Value or tone, refers to the hue’s brightness or darkness. When a hue is mixed with black, it becomes more dim or heavy; when it is mixed with white or gray, it lightens. Artists make use of these aspects of color and combine them into different color schemes.  Visual artists use colors in different ways, depending on their styles and preferences. Some artist use color as a representational element, intending to depict the world as accurately possible. Most contemporary and modern artists are more personal and expressionist in their use of color, taking liberties with color schemes to convey mood, atmosphere and symbolic potential. What is your favorite color? Leeroy New, creates fantasy landscapes with an intense, often polychromatic color scheme in his painting, costume, set design, sculpture and installation. Tausug artist Rameer Tawasil echoes the color scheme of Mindanao’s material culture such as in the vinta, which he renders in stylized and abstract ways. VALUE Refers to gradations of tone from light to dark, which can be an aspect of color but could also specifically refer to the play of light on an object or a scene. TEXTURE Refers to how objects and surfaces feel, and is most associated with the sense of touch or tactility. Textures are created when several lines combine.  For example, the barong and baro’t saya fabrics are translucent and delicate. While the crocheted dresses of Aze Ong are soft, yet thick. In representational works, textures can be simulated or imitated. Textures can also be actual, as can be found in collage, where actual objects are glued on the surface. SHAPE Refers to forms that are two-dimensional or three-dimensional. Stylized and abstract shapes can be seen in local textiles. The geometric shapes of the binakol by the Tinguians of Abra are executed with such mathematical precision they achieve an illusionistic effect. Buildings and houses also take many forms and shapes, from the geometric upward orientation of skyscrapers to the squat low forms of the nipa hut or bahay kubo. Paintings in the cubist style have intersecting and overlapping shapes, some flat and in case of collage, jutting out of the picture plane. Composition in Space Involves the relationship between figures and elements. It also refers to how these elements are organized and composed according to principles of organization, among them balance, proportion, rhythm etc. National Artist Guillermo Tolentino’s Bonifacio Monument in Caloocan has a circular composition, fitted for its position at the center of a busy rotunda where principal streets converge. Composition in Space can also be discerned in dance. The soaring movements of classical ballet defy gravity, while the earth-bound staccato and sculptural poses, and flowing, fluid hand and feet gestures like the pangalay in Mindanao harmonize with the rhythms of nature. Movement Movement may occur in two-dimensional design as rhythm or through the recurrence of motifs, their alteration or progression unfolding in a series. Movement is also very much related to line, and the direction of the eye. Carlos Francisco’s mural, Filipino Struggles through History (1964) shows a sense of forward movement that captures the fervor and energy of the Revolution.  Dance creates compositions in space through movement. Traditional Asian dances are in continuous contact with the ground, from which they derive their energy. Hand gestures suggest unending phenomena- the flutter of wings, the blooming of flowers, the swaying of palm leaves etc.  Movement in cinema partakes if the movements of the camera. It pans to survey a scene, scans the height of a building, and dwells on the contents of a room. LITERATURE This is a body of workshop that show the best that has been thought and said or works that signify the achievements of a particular culture. Types and elements of literature: Prose and Poetry Poetry refers to expressing of feeling or idea with the use of figurative or symbolic language. Ø Meaning. A writer can use idioms, new words, allusion, and connotations in expressing his feelings or ideas. Ø Figurative language. A writer may use of simile, metaphor, and other figures of speech in expressing something in a different way aside from its literal meaning. Ø Imagery. This consists of descriptions and details that can trigger the readers’ senses. Ø Sound and Rhythm. Sound is the emphasis on certain words while rhythm is the position of beats or the sound pattern of the work. Prose is a literature that is not poetry with two categories: informative and persuasive, just like an essay. Prose is a literature that is not poetry with two categories: informative and persuasive, just like an essay. Ø Theme or content. This is the general thought or idea of the composition. Ø Style. This refers to the choices of words and sentence structures used to convey the message. Ø Form and structure. This is the sequence of topic and transitions that make the whole essay. Ø Plot or story line. This is the sequence of events in the story that gives the flow of the narrative. Ø Characters. This can be a person, an animal or even Ø Theme. This is the central thought of the story. Ø Language and style. Style is the choices of words which includes the sentence structures and figurative language that affect the mood of the story. Ø Point of view. The narrator may present the author himself for the third-person point of view. The narrator can also be one of the characters in the story for the first-person point of view. MUSIC It is an arrangement of sounds to create a continuous and unified compositions. Elements of Music Ø Melody. This is succession of consecutive notes or tones changing in pitch and duration. Ø Rhythm. It has three qualities: tempo which describes how fast or slow is the music; meter which refers to the unit of time that is made up of beats or pulses; and rhythmic pattern. Ø Harmony. This is a combination of different tones or pitches played sung together at the same time. Ø Texture. This is the relationship of melodic and harmonic lines in music. Ø Dynamics. This is the degree of softness and loudness of music. Ø Timbre. Also known as tone color which is the quality of sound generated by the instrument or voice. Form. This refers to how the elements of music are organized. DANCE Elements of Dance: Ø Body element. This is how the body of the dancer moves, what part of the body moves, what actions are performed, and how the body support itself. Ø Space. This focuses on the area where the dance is performed. Ø Energy. This is referred to as dynamics. This element describes how energy is directed through the body, and how the body releases it. Ø Relationship. This is how the person relates to the stage and to production elements. THEATER It is an art form that involves performing carefully planned actions and emotions in front of an audience. Philippine theater is described as a wide range of mimetic performances that were created and presented during occasions. Elements of theater: Ø Performers. These are the persons who are on stage and portray their characters for the audience. Ø Audience. They serve as the witness of the performance and energy given by the performers. Ø Director. Serves as an overseer to the entire production and ensures that the performers do their job well and the design works well. Ø Performance space. This refer to the space in which the actors can perform and space for the audience to stand. Ø Design. This is essential in placing the overall feel of the production which includes lighting, set, costumes, and sound. FILM This refers to a sequence of moving pictures shown on television or in cinema. Film making became an industry in the Philippines during the 1950’s. Elements of Film: Ø Time. This is considered as the most significant element of cinema. Ø Techniques of cinema. · Cutting or editing. Involves one shot with another, making sure that the two shot are connected. · Camera movement. This is done in order to have a smoother change of view. · Framing. This helps bringing balance to the film as it is being viewed. In sum, one has to be very observant and look at, feel, hear and sense the work closely- its material, the techniques, the artist used, the elements and principles of composition. All works of art, whether traditional, modern or contemporary, need to be experienced at the level of the senses, emotions and the mind. These forms asks us to see more, hear more, taste, smell and feel more. In the process, we gain insights peculiar to the intensity and character of what we encounter through the arts. Activity 2. 2-3 paragraph Compare 2 different art forms from different regions. Evaluate how are they different in terms of their elements and principles. Mindanao Luzon