Year 10 Sports Psychology Past Paper PDF

Skill and Ability Skill - are learned, and when mastered , are consistently done in a way that uses the correct technique. Abilities - are inherited. They are known as ‘traits’ which remain fairly stable during your life. Abilities can help performers learn skills. Let's look at the beam to...

Skill and Ability Skill - are learned, and when mastered , are consistently done in a way that uses the correct technique. Abilities - are inherited. They are known as ‘traits’ which remain fairly stable during your life. Abilities can help performers learn skills. Let's look at the beam to help... CWa - PHE 1  Types of skill Closed / open Fine / Gross Basic / Complex Self paced / Externally Paced These are all placed on a continuum CWa - PHE 2 Open / Closed Stable - unstable environment The way the skill is performed is dictated by other factors , where closed is not. Externally paced compared to self paced. Open Closed CWa - PHE 3 Fine / Gross Fine requires small, precise movements and small muscle groups. Precision and accuracy common themes. Gross skill is big body movements, large muscle groups not requiring precision and accuracy. Fine Gross CWa - PHE 4 Self Paced / Externally Paced Start of the movement decided by the performer, the pace or speed is controlled. Externally paced is where the start of movement is out of one's control and speed or rate of movements is dictated by external factors. Self Paced Externally paced CWa - PHE 5 Basic / Complex Few decisions to be made for basic, tend to be taught as a beginner. Complex requires complex decision making, many choices to be made in order to be successful and takes considerable time to master. Basic Complex CWa - PHE 6 Inverted U theory Physical Arousal - is a Increased heart rate or physical and mental sweat. As arousal increases state of alertness / athletes must use control excitement. strategies to control performance, or the performance will suffer. CWa - PHE 7  Inverted U Theory Yerkes and Dobson (1908) developed the theory that consists of being under or over aroused either side of optimum performance. CWa - PHE 8  Arousal Levels Some sports require more arousal - rugby tackle would be an example. However too much may end up hurting the player. Cricket fielding - lower levels to concentrate on catching with a steady hand - but still need to be alert. CWa - PHE 9 9 Descriptions Deep Breathing Mental Rehearsal Is similar to visualisation and imagery Is a physical technique which involves techniques used by sports people. It involves exaggerating breaths in and out. Top the performer picturing themselves half of the body should be relaxed and performing the skill perfectly before slow, deep breaths should allow the attempting it. performer to control arousal levels. It can calm nerves and help focus the Imagery can also mean the performer mind. picturing themselves in a calm place whilst visualisation is imagining a relaxing scene or place. CWa - PHE 10 Personality = Introvert or Extrovert Introvert Normally does not need a high level of arousal, more likely to become over aroused and into a state of anxiety. Tend to be shy, quiet, thoughtful solitary. Individual sports common Fine skill and precision required Low arousal CWa - PHE 11 Extrovert High level of arousal required, can lack concentration and often seek exciting situations. They tend to enjoy interacting with others, sociable and prone to boredom when alone. Tend to play team sports with a fast pace, concentration may need to be low and gross skills used. Often leaders within a team CWa - PHE 12 Motivation What motivated you can Is defined as the drive be set into two main to succeed or the categories. desire (want) to achieve something. Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivation CWa - PHE 13 Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation Intrinsic Is the drive that comes from within the performer. This will bring a feeling of pride, self satisfaction or general achievement. Driven by the feeling it brings them. CWa - PHE 14 Extrinsic Is the drive experienced when trying to achieve a reward. Provided by an outside source or person. They can be divided into: Tangible rewards - certificates, trophies and medals. Intangible rewards - praise, feedback or applause from the crowd. CWa - PHE 15  Many studies has indicated that They can work intrinsic is more valuable or together... powerful than extrinsic motivation. It would be wrong to think they Performer can become too are used in isolation from each reliant on extrinsic rewards such other. While winning a trophy as money and prizes. may be an extrinsic motivation Intrinsic is more likely to provide the performer may also driven continued effort and by the feeling they intrinsically participation. from winning. Extrinsic can undermine intrinsic if too many rewards are on offer. CWa - PHE 16