Motivation and Skill Types Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes intrinsic motivation from extrinsic motivation?

  • Intrinsic motivation is a weaker form of motivation than extrinsic motivation.
  • Intrinsic motivation is driven by external rewards, while extrinsic is driven by internal satisfaction.
  • Intrinsic motivation only occurs when physical rewards are present, whereas extrinsic motivation is always present.
  • Intrinsic motivation stems from internal feelings and satisfaction, while extrinsic motivation is driven by external rewards. (correct)

Which of the following is an example of an intangible extrinsic motivator?

  • Positive feedback from a coach (correct)
  • A certificate of achievement
  • A gold medal
  • A feeling of pride after winning

According to the content, what is a potential negative consequence of over-reliance on extrinsic rewards?

  • It will always guarantee high achievement.
  • It may cause the performer to lose their self pride.
  • It can diminish the performer's intrinsic motivation. (correct)
  • It can lead to increased intrinsic satisfaction.

If a performer experiences self-satisfaction after completing a task, what type of motivation are they displaying?

<p>Intrinsic motivation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes how intrinsic and extrinsic motivation work together?

<p>They can operate simultaneously, influencing behaviour to produce a desired outcome. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between skills and abilities?

<p>Abilities are inherited traits that can aid in learning skills, while skills are learned. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A gymnast performing a routine on the balance beam would be an example of which type of skill?

<p>A closed, fine skill. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios is best classified as an 'externally paced' skill?

<p>A tennis player reacting to an opponent's serve. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a 'gross' motor skill?

<p>Involves large muscle groups, without a demand for precision. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the inverted-U theory, what is the relationship between arousal and performance?

<p>Performance increases with arousal to a point then decreases with higher arousal levels. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A beginner learning to throw a ball would be demonstrating a ______ skill, typically described as _______.

<p>Basic; having few decisions to be made. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes an 'open' skill?

<p>A skill where the environment is unstable and has external factors affecting it. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an increase in physical arousal typically result in?

<p>Increased heart rate and sweat. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the inverted-U theory, what happens when an athlete is under-aroused?

<p>Their performance tends to decline. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sports is most likely to require a lower level of arousal for optimal performance?

<p>Cricket fielding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of deep breathing techniques in sports?

<p>To relax the body and control arousal levels. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An athlete is using mental rehearsal to prepare for a competition. What does mental rehearsal primarily involve?

<p>Picturing themselves performing the skill perfectly. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, which characteristics are typical of an introvert?

<p>Shy, quiet and prone to over-arousal. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of sports and skills are typical of an extroverted personality?

<p>Team based sports using gross motor skills. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the concept of motivation?

<p>The drive or desire to achieve something. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An athlete struggles with anxiety and over-arousal before a competition. Based on the content, which technique would be most helpful?

<p>Practicing deep breathing and mental rehearsal techniques. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What are skills?

Skills are learned actions that are consistently performed with the correct technique. They are developed through practice and repetition.

What are abilities?

Abilities are natural, inherited talents. Athletes are born with these traits, and they are relatively stable throughout life.

What are open skills?

Open skills are performed in unpredictable environments where the performer must adjust their actions. The environment changes constantly.

What are closed skills?

Closed skills are performed in stable environments where there is minimal variation. The skill can be executed consistently.

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What are fine motor skills?

Fine motor skills involve small, precise movements and are executed with smaller muscle groups. They require accuracy and control.

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What are gross motor skills?

Gross motor skills use large muscle groups and involve large, coordinated movements. They don't require the same level of precision.

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What are self-paced skills?

Self-paced skills are initiated by the performer themselves and are controlled by their own rhythm and timing.

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What are externally-paced skills?

Externally-paced skills are initiated by external factors and the performer must react to those stimuli. The speed and timing are dictated by the environment.

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What is intrinsic motivation?

The drive to perform comes from within the athlete. This can involve feelings of accomplishment, pride, or self-satisfaction.

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What is extrinsic motivation?

This drive comes from an external source such as rewards, praise, or recognition.

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What are the two main types of extrinsic motivations?

Tangible rewards are physical and can be seen, like trophies, medals, or certificates. Intangible rewards are less concrete, such as praise, feedback, or applause.

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Which type of motivation is considered more valuable?

Intrinsic motivation is generally considered more valuable than extrinsic. It's more sustainable, leading to long-term commitment and enjoyment.

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How should intrinsic and extrinsic motivation be used?

It's important to utilize both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations for optimal results. While relying too heavily on extrinsic motivation can undermine intrinsic drive.

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Inverted U Theory

The theory that suggests optimal performance is achieved at a specific level of arousal, with performance decreasing when arousal is too low or too high.

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Arousal Level

The level of alertness, excitement, or readiness to perform.

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Deep Breathing

A physical technique that involves controlled breathing to regulate arousal levels. It involves taking slow, deep breaths with a focus on relaxation.

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Mental Rehearsal

A mental technique where an athlete visualizes themselves performing a skill perfectly before attempting it. It helps with focusing and calming nerves.

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Introvert

A personality type that prefers solitude, quieter environments, and avoids high stimulation. They may become easily over-aroused and experience anxiety.

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Extrovert

A personality type that thrives on social interaction, enjoys excitement, and seeks out stimulation. They often require high arousal levels to perform well.

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Motivation

The force that drives individuals to pursue goals or achieve something. It can be intrinsic or extrinsic.

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Intrinsic vs Extrinsic motivation

A theory that suggests motivation can be driven by either internal factors or external factors. Intrinsic motivation comes from within, while extrinsic motivation is spurred by external rewards or pressure.

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Study Notes

Skill and Ability

  • Skills are learned and performed consistently using correct technique
  • Abilities are inherited traits, relatively stable throughout life
  • Abilities can aid skill development

Types of Skill

  • Closed/Open: Closed skills are performed in a stable environment, open skills in unstable environments
  • Fine/Gross: Fine skills involve precise small movements, gross skills involve large body movements
  • Basic/Complex: Basic skills have few decisions, complex skills need many decisions
  • Self-Paced/Externally Paced: Self-paced movements are controlled by the performer; externally paced movements are dictated by external factors

Open/Closed

  • Stable/unstable environments influence performance
  • Closed skills are not influenced by external factors
  • Open skills are influenced by external factors

Fine/Gross

  • Fine skills require precise movements of small muscle groups
  • Gross skills involve large movements of large muscle groups, with less precision needed

Self-Paced/Externally Paced

  • Self-paced skills are controlled by the performer
  • Externally paced skills are influenced by external factors (e.g., movement speed)

Basic/Complex

  • Basic skills have few decisions to make
  • Complex skills require many decisions in order to succeed

Inverted U Theory

  • Arousal is physical and mental alertness or excitement
  • Increased arousal (e.g., heart rate, sweat) requires control strategies from athletes
  • Optimal performance is associated with intermediate arousal levels

Yerkes-Dodson (1908)

  • Performance is affected by arousal levels
  • Optimal performance occurs at intermediate arousal
  • Low and high arousal levels negatively impact performance

Arousal Levels

  • Some sports require high arousal levels (e.g., rugby tackling)
  • Other sports require lower levels (e.g., cricket fielding)

Descriptions: Deep Breathing / Mental Rehearsal

  • Deep breathing is a technique that involves exaggerated breathing to control arousal
  • Mental rehearsal involves picturing oneself performing a skill perfectly beforehand

Personality: Introvert/Extrovert

  • Introverts typically don't need high arousal levels
  • Introverts often prefer individual sports, needing fine motor skills and lower arousal
  • Extroverts need high arousal levels and require gross motor skills in team sports with fast pace needed

Motivation

  • Motivation is the drive to achieve something successfully (desire)
  • Motivation can be intrinsic (internal) pride/satisfaction and extrinsic (external) rewards

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation

  • Intrinsic motivation comes from internal feelings

  • Extrinsic motivation relates to external rewards such as tangible or intangible rewards

  • Intrinsic motivation is typically better for sustained effort and participation

  • Extrinsic motivation may diminish if there are too many rewards

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