Hug Unit 5-2 Quiz Questions PDF

1.​ What is the purpose and what is a red box used for. ( Add what is a refrigerator ship) -​ Red Box: Refrigeration to freeze and use perishables until they can be transported to a refrigerator ship, a ship used to store frozen goods. 2.​ What is the Mediterranean climate and wha...

1.​ What is the purpose and what is a red box used for. ( Add what is a refrigerator ship) -​ Red Box: Refrigeration to freeze and use perishables until they can be transported to a refrigerator ship, a ship used to store frozen goods. 2.​ What is the Mediterranean climate and what goods come from it.( where is this climate located) -​ Occurs only in areas where the dry summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, in parts of California and Oregon, in central Chile, at South Africa's Cape, and in parts of southwestern and southern Australia. -​ Farmers here grow a special combination of crops: grapes, olives, citrus fruits, figs, certain vegetables, dates, and others. From these areas come many wines; these and other commodities are exported to distant markets because Mediterranean products tend to be popular and command high prices. 3.​ How did colonialism impact certain economies.(Use the example from the reading where The Caribbean was forced out of subsistence agriculture by colonists and now the economy relies on selling sugar as a commodity. 4.​ During the 1970’s countries formed cartels to get a better price on commodities such as oil. 5.​ Plantations are cash crops grown on large estates which are colonial legacies that are found in periphery and semi-periphery countries. 6.​ Cash crops/ luxury crops such as bananas, sugar, coffee, and cocoa in Middle and South America, rubber, cocoa, and tea in West and East Africa, tea in South Asia, and rubber in Southeast Asia, these plantations have outlasted the period of decolonization and continue to provide specialized crops to wealthier markets. 7.​ Supranational organisations and core countries tend to determine the price of commodities, which screws certain periphery and semi-periphery countries that need these products sold for a higher price. 8.​ Multinational(supranational) Organizations tend to show extreme interest in plantations; to combat this Multinational corporations have tenaciously protected their economic interests in plantations. In the 1940s and 1950s, the Guatemalan government began an agrarian reform program. The plan entailed renting unused land from foreign corporations to landless citizens at a low appraised value. The United Fruit Company, an American firm with extensive holdings in the country, was greatly concerned by this turn of events. The company had close ties to powerful individuals in the American government, including Secretary of State John Foster Dulles, CIA director Allen Dulles (the two were brothers), and Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs John Moors Cabot. In 1954, the United States supported the overthrow of the government of Guatemala because of stated concerns about the spread of communism. This ended all land reform initiatives but led many commentators to question the degree to which the United Fruit Company was behind the coup. Indeed, with the exception of President Dwight Eisenhower, every individual involved in the decision to help topple Guatemala's  government had ties to the company. This example illustrates the inextricable links between economics and political motivations—and it raises questions about the degree to which multinational corporations based in wealthy countries influence decisions about politics, agriculture, and land reform in other parts of the world. 9.​ Coffee was first domesticated in Ethiopia, but now it is primarily grown in central america, south america. 10.​Energy Analyst Evan Mills published a report in April 2011 that estimated the Marijuana production costs around $5 billion in the US annually. Due to this Marijuana grown outside costs significantly less. Typically, growers plant on public lands as to avoid detection because the crop cannot be traced to any one person. 11.​The largest areas of commercial tropics lie outside the tropics, including much of Eastern US, Western Europe, Western Russia, and smaller areas in Brazil, Uruguay, and South Africa 12.​ 13.​Fruit Truck and specialized crops(including market gardens Von Thunen observed around Rostock), are primarily located in Eastern and Southeastern United States widely dispersed in areas where the environment is favorable 14.​Mixed agriculture and crop farming is widespread in the more humid parts of the midlands, including 15.​Commercial Grain Farming prevails in drier parts of the midlatitudes(Grains need low moisture to thrive) such as southern prairie provinces of Canada, dakota, Nebraska, Montana, Kansas, and similar areas 16.​Livestock Ranching is the raising of domesticated animals for the purpose of meat or other by-products. Found at large in US, Canada, Mexico, Australia, Brazil, Argentina, New Zealand, South Africa 17.​Thunian Pattern: Livestock ranching in periphery while consumers in city. Refrigeration has overcome the problem of perishability, high volume has lowered the unit cost of transporting beef, lamb, and other animal products 18.​Three types of subsistence; Subsistence crop and livestock farming, intensively subsistence farming(primarily rice), and intensively subsistence farming(chiefly what and other crops 19.​Most Southeast Asian Farmers are subsistence farmers 20.​Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, In parts of California and Oregon, central Chile, South Africa’s cape, and parts of southwestern and southern Australia 21.​A special combination of crops are grown; grapes, Olives, Citrus fruits, figs, certain vegetables, dates, nuts(eg almonds), and others. 22.​Cultivation of crops that turn into illegal drugs cannot be mapped at the global scale(due to difficulty) 23.​There is a high demand for drugs - particularly In the global economic core 24.​Coca, the source plant for Cocaine, is grown in widely in Columbia,Peru, and Bolivia, with Columbia producing over half of the world’s Cocaine 25.​74% of the world's Opium production took place in Afghanistan, increased after the US government overthrew the Taliban government, which had banned Opium. Most Opium production occurs in five unstable provinces 26.​In the 1990s US Gov. and local authorities put a crack on Coca production in Columbia and as a result, production moved north to Northern Mexico. 27.​Most significant contemporary cash crop is cotton 28.​Wealthy countries continue to buy cotton and cotton is an important part of economy in formerly colony countries. However, cotton is now competing with synthetic materials of Nylon, Rayon, Polyester 29.​US government currently spends over $10 million subsidizing subsidizing large scale farmers; guarantee that floor prices for staple foods stay stable and protect farmers during bad years; give large-scale agriculture an advantage over small-scale 30.​Former Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, and Maoist China initiate large scale land reforms that resulted in the massive displacement of rural people and altered rural society systems unchangeably 31.​Coffee is one of the most, if not the most important luxury crop in the world 32.​Coffee was first domesticated in the region of present day Ethiopia, but is currently primarily grown in Middle and South America 33.​70% of annual coffee harvest/production comes from Middle and South America 34.​After Petroleum, Coffee is the second most valuable legal commodity globally. 35.​Coffee has undergone changes as more consumers demand fair trade coffee and producers seek fair trade certification 36.​Aim of fair trade is to raise the income of certified producers by reducing the number of actors in the supply chain 37.​Consumers spent more than $6.5 billion on fair trade certified products in 2012 38.​Tea was one of the first plantation-products to receive fair trade certifications 39.​Over the past three decades, relatively cheap imported rice from malaysia and thailand