French Revolution PDF

 What are the ethical implications and public perceptions of law enforcement officers taking selfies with fugitive Alice Guo after her arrest in Indonesia, and how did authorities respond to the criticism? Cycle 5 Meeting 1 French Revolution Beginning of the French Revolution ...

 What are the ethical implications and public perceptions of law enforcement officers taking selfies with fugitive Alice Guo after her arrest in Indonesia, and how did authorities respond to the criticism? Cycle 5 Meeting 1 French Revolution Beginning of the French Revolution  Photo Analysis Who carries everyone? How is the French society depicted on the image? Can equality be found in the photo? The ideas of the Enlightenment bore great influence on Europe. With the spread of these great ideas, people became more critical of the Church and their governments. They also learned to think of their own rights and welfare. Today, let’s discuss the causes of the French Revolution.  “Old Regime” and “The Estates System” King has absolute monarchy and ruled by divine right. The poorest 97% (25 million) of the country was in the 3rd estate and paid about 50% of their income in taxes. The other two estates were made up of nobles (110,000) and clergy members (130, 000) they paid less than 1% of the taxes in France. 1. Social Inequalities 2. Financial Causes: Crisis and ○ War (support to the Famine American revolution) ○ Poor harvests People had to choose between starvation and paying their taxes Decadence of the monarchy The Monarch was apathetic to the issue of the masses. How extravagant was Marie Antoinette? 3. Influence from the American Revolution and Enlightenment The American victory inspired much thought regarding the idea of a government that serves the people. Questioned the divine right of kings “Liberté, égalité, fraternité” "Revolutions are not made either by individuals or by secret societies. They come automatically, in a measure; the power of things, the current of and facts, produces them. They are long preparing in the depth of the obscure the masses-then they break out suddenly, not seldom on apparently slight occasion.” — Mikhail Bakunin Homework: Read handout #2 or watch video https://ed.ted.com/lessons/what-caused-the-frenc h-revolution-tom-mullaney (3:00-5:39), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n8yTjF1oB8k (3 mins) on events and changes introduced by the French Revolution. Sources: Cruz, M.A., Fiestas, M.A., Mercado, M.(2015). K12 Social Studies World History. Quezon City Vibal Publishing. Spielvogel, J. J. (2018). World History & Geography: Modern Times. Columbus, OH: McGraw Hill Education. The French Revolution Handout  Events of French Revolution APSA  What happens when government officials are not held responsible for their actions?  What are the main emotions expressed in the song "Do You Hear the People Sing?" and how do the lyrics reflect the people’s struggle for freedom and justice? When people ask me why the song remains so popular, I answer that I tried to tell the truth about one of the key issues of all time: injustice, which can turn men and women into slaves, cause anger and humiliation and crush the human spirit. Yet it ends with the words “When tomorrow comes” because I truly believe that hope can never be extinguished -Lyricist HERBERT KRETZMER Events of the French Revolution 1. Meeting of the Estates ❑ Meeting of 3 estates to make laws [1st time met in 175 yrs (1614)] ❑ Each estate gets one vote (third estates calls for individual vote). ❑ 1 & 2 band together to block 3rd Estate. 3rd Estate leaves and forms the National Assembly. 2. National Assembly ❑ Tennis Court Oath: "Will not disband until they had constructed a nation of individual citizens instead of a kingdom of servile subjects" ❑ Declaration of the Rights of Man: The declaration outlined the ideas of liberty, equality, and fraternity (brotherhood) 3. Fall of the Bastille ❑ Bastille- prison and weapons stockpile ❑ Successful attempt to gather gunpowder. The rebels cut off the warden's head. ❑ After the Fall of Bastille, lands and properties of the aristocrats were attacked in the countryside. Politicians panicked, removed the feudal order. National Assembly took over, created the rights of man, including freedom of religion. 4. March on Versailles March on Versailles – Social Protest (6000 angry women) Protesting against food shortages and price of bread Want king to move to Paris and accept the Declaration of the Rights of Man, and National Assembly Louis XVI arrested and forced to leave Versailles for Paris  End of Old Regime Declaration of the Rights of Man- "liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression" The King Concedes and accepts the demands of the National Assembly. Church Reforms- Church was an important part of the old regime and people believe that reformation is essential too. Selling church properties, clergy and bishops were elected by the people.  The King detested the new order and his loss Downfall to the of absolute power. The royal family attempted to flee France in disguise, they Monarch almost made it, but they were recognized and brought back to Paris. This will eventually lead to the family's death by guillotine. Think- Pair- Share: Now that France is free from the monarch, what should they do next? With your partner, discuss what should the revolutionary France do to maintain and protect their freedom Activity: Make a placard (a poster or sign for public display, either fixed to a wall or carried during a demonstration)of examples of injustices around the world and make a propose solution to end that. Sources: Cruz, M.A., Fiestas, M.A., Mercado, M.(2015). K12 Social Studies World History. Quezon City Vibal Publishing. Spielvogel, J. J. (2018). World History & Geography: Modern Times. Columbus, OH: McGraw Hill Education. The French Revolution Handout  Cycle 6 Meeting 1 French Revolution Reign of Terror How could this visit impact the current political climate in the Philippines? Quote Analysis: Anarchy within, invasion from without. A country cracking from outside pressure, disintegrating from internal strain. Revolution is at its height. War. Inflation. Hunger. Fear. Hate. Sabotage. Fanaticism. Hopes. Boundless idealism... and the dread that all the gains of the Revolution would be lost. And the faith that if they won, they would bring Liberty, Equality, Fraternity to the world. —R. R. Palmer, Twelve Who Ruled What could happen to a country who is deep turmoil? How can a country maintain the values of a revolution? Move to Radicalism The Revolutionaries set up a meeting to draft a new constitution. First goal is to abolish the Monarchy and establish the Republic Jacobins demanded to execute the king to ensure the death of monarchy, the king was later executed by guillotine. Gave birth to a new trend of radical phase. France made international enemies because these countries feared that it would happen to them too. French radicals gained control of the government. Radicals feared attempts to restore the Monarch’s absolute power. The Revolution was getting carried away with itself. After the execution of Louis XVI, a new government called the National Convention was elected by universal manhood suffrage. The Convention established a Committee of Public Safety to protect the French people from the absolute monarchies of Austria and Prussia. The committee quickly drafted every unmarried man between 18 and 25.  Committee of Public Safety The new French government formed the Committee of Public Safety. This Committee took over the French Revolution. It was led by Maximilien Robespierre. The Committee launched a Reign of Terror in 1793 to save the Revolution.  Changes in France The National Assembly replaced the Catholic Church with a Cult of Reason, which they saw as opposed to the superstitions of Christianity. The new National Assembly confiscated the property of the Catholic Church and revoked the vows of monks and nuns. They even rewrote the entire calendar to strip it of any vestiges of religious language – making it more “rational” – and making it difficult for people to remember when the old Christian holidays were. They abolished the old provinces of France.  The Reign of Terror tried to save the French Revolution from foreign invasion and domestic protesters.  Execution Suspected traitors, including nobles and priests, were executed. Many aspects of the Old Regime, from the calendar to clothing styles, were rejected by the new government. Ordinary citizens were armed to defend France. Reign of Terror Robespierre, leader of the Jacobins, said, “It is necessary to annihilate both the internal and external enemies of the republic or perish with its fall.” "Let's make terror the order of the day!" Reign of Terror The following are deemed suspects, those who: Shown support for tyranny, federalism, or opposition to liberty through conduct, associations, comments, or writings. Unable to justify their means of existence or fulfill civic duties. Denied certificates of patriotism. Civil servants suspended or dismissed by the National Convention or its commissioners and not reinstated. Former nobles and their close relatives or agents of émigrés who have not consistently demonstrated loyalty to the Revolution. The National Convention asked Robespierre to ease on the Reign of Terror and create the Republic, but he did not agree. Robespierre got anxious after his attempted assassination that he doubted everyone, even his allies, and sent them to the guillotine Ultimately, the French people rejected the strict “rationalism” and radical agenda of Robespierre and the Jacobins. Robespierre himself was guillotined in 1794. After his death, the French aristocrat took power and created a new government, the Directory. However, the five Directors often fought one another. The various leaders had to rely on the army to control the population and settle disputes between one another. This paved the way for powerful military leaders like Napoleon Bonaparte to come to power in a coup d’etat in 1799. Napoleon said, “I found the crown of France lying on the ground, and I picked it up with my sword.” Photo Analysis: How does this photo define the revolution? Was the revolution a futile revolution? What makes a revolution successful?  Significance of the Revolution The French Revolution challenged the idea of the divine right of kings and the privileges of the nobility in Europe. Political power in France shifted from the king and his nobles to the bourgeois class. The revolution removed feudal restrictions from France, clearing the way for capitalism. Both the American and the French revolutions served as models for citizens in other countries seeking political change.  The ideals of the French revolution inspired citizens in other countries. Sources: Cruz, M.A., Fiestas, M.A., Mercado, M.(2015). K12 Social Studies World History. Quezon City Vibal Publishing. Spielvogel, J. J. (2018). World History & Geography: Modern Times. Columbus, OH: McGraw Hill Education. The French Revolution Handout