Computer Programming Concepts PDF

Computer 1. Access Modifier: Keywords that determine the visibility or accessibility of classes, methods, and variables (e.g., public, private, protected). 2. Algorithm: A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem or performing a task. 3. Array: A data structure that can hold multiple values...

Computer 1. Access Modifier: Keywords that determine the visibility or accessibility of classes, methods, and variables (e.g., public, private, protected). 2. Algorithm: A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem or performing a task. 3. Array: A data structure that can hold multiple values of the same type. 4. Assignment Operator: The = symbol used to assign a value to a variable. 5. Boolean: A data type that can hold only two values: true or false. 6. Break Statement: A statement used to exit a loop or switch statement prematurely. 7. Casting: Converting one data type into another. 8. Class: A blueprint for creating objects, containing fields (attributes) and methods (functions). 9. Comment: A line of text in the code that is ignored by the compiler and used for explanation purposes. 10. Compile: The process of translating Java code into bytecode that the Java Virtual Machine can execute. 11. Constructor Overloading: Defining multiple constructors in a class with different parameters. 12. Constructor: A special method used to initialize objects. 13. Data Type: A classification that specifies which type of value a variable can hold (e.g., int, double, String). 14. Debugging: The process of finding and fixing errors in code. 15. Default Constructor: A constructor that does not take any parameters. 16. Encapsulation: The bundling of data (variables) and methods that operate on that data within a single unit or class. 17. Escape Sequence: A special character in a string that allows for formatting, such as \n for a new line. 18. Exception: An error or unexpected event that occurs during program execution. 19. Expression: A combination of variables, operators, and values that evaluates to a result. 20. Field: A variable defined in a class that represents an object's state. 21. Final Keyword: A modifier that makes a variable, method, or class unchangeable. 22. Flow Control: The order in which individual statements, instructions, or function calls are executed in a program. 23. For Loop: A control flow statement for repeated execution of a block of code. 24. HashMap: A data structure that stores key-value pairs for fast data retrieval. 25. If Statement: A control structure that executes a block of code if a specified condition is true. 26. Import Statement: A line of code that allows access to classes from other packages. 27. Inheritance: A mechanism where a new class can inherit properties and methods from an existing class. 28. Instance Variable: A variable defined in a class for which each object of the class has its own value. 29. Interface: A reference type in Java that can contain only constants, method signatures, default methods, static methods, and nested types. 30. Java Virtual Machine (JVM): A virtual machine that enables a computer to run Java programs. 31. Method Overriding: A feature that allows a subclass to provide a specific implementation of a method already defined in its superclass. 32. Method Signature: The combination of a method's name and its parameter list. 33. Method: A block of code that performs a specific task and can be called upon to execute. 34. Object: An instance of a class that contains data and methods. 35. Overloading: The ability to define multiple methods with the same name but different parameters. 36. Package: A namespace that organizes a set of related classes and interfaces. 37. Parameter: A value passed to a method when it is called. 38. Primitive Data Type: Basic data types provided by Java (e.g., int, char, boolean). 39. Return Statement: A statement that ends a method and optionally returns a value to the caller. 40. Return Statement: A statement that terminates the method and optionally returns a value to the caller. 41. Return Type: The data type of the value returned by a method. 42. Scanner Class: A class in Java used to obtain input from various sources, including user input. 43. Scope: The region of the program where a variable is defined and accessible. 44. Static Method: A method that belongs to the class rather than to any specific instance. 45. String Concatenation: The process of joining two or more strings together. 46. String: A sequence of characters used to represent text. 47. Switch Statement: A control statement that allows variable values to control the flow of execution based on different cases. 48. Syntax: The set of rules that defines the combinations of symbols that are considered valid in a programming language. 49. Try-Catch Block: A construct used to handle exceptions gracefully in Java. 50. While Loop: A control flow statement that repeats a block of code as long as a specified condition is true.