Comprehensive English MajorsHip - Kagurolet 2025 Exam Questions PDF

 TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I – BY SUBJECT ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES ……………………………………………………………..…………………1 REMEDIAL INSTRUCTION………………………………………………………………………….….………….…....6 LANGUAGE EDUCATION REASEARCH………………………………………….…………………………..….…13 MYTHOLOGY AND FOLKLORE ……………………………………………...

 TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I – BY SUBJECT ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES ……………………………………………………………..…………………1 REMEDIAL INSTRUCTION………………………………………………………………………….….………….…....6 LANGUAGE EDUCATION REASEARCH………………………………………….…………………………..….…13 MYTHOLOGY AND FOLKLORE ………………………………………………………………………………..…….21 SURVEY OF LITERATURE OF SELECTED COUNTRIES PHILIPPINE LITERATURE……………………………………………………………………………….….31 ENGLISH AND AMERICAN LITERATURE ………………………………………………………….…37 AFRO-ASIAN LITERATURE…………………………………………………………..……………………..49 CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENT LITERATURE………………………………………………………………….57 CONTEMPORARY, POPULAR AND EMERGENT LITERATURES…………………………………………63 LITERARY CRITICISM……………………………………………………………………………………………………66 INTRODUCTION TO LINGUISTICS………………………………………………………………………………….71 STRUCTURE OF ENGLISH……………………………………………………………………………………………...77 STYLISTICS AND DISCOURSE ANALYSIS…………………………………………………………………………81 LANGUAGE PROGRAMS AND POLICIES IN MULTILINGUAL POLICIES………………………………………………………………………………..……………87 TEACHING AND ASSESSMENT OF THE MACRO SKILLS………………………………………………..…93 TEACHING AND ASSESSMENT OF LITERATURE……………………………………………………..…….102 LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE LEARNING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT……………………………………………………………………………………….108 SPEECH AND THEATRE ARTS…………………………………………………………………………………..…111 CAMPUS JOURNALISM………………………………………………………………………………………………...116 TECHNICAL WRITING…………………………………………………………….….………………………………..121 I TECHNOLOGY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION…………………………………………………………………...124 TRANSLATION AND EDITING OF TEXT………………………………………………………………………..129 CREATIVE WRITING…………………………………………………………….……………………………………..132 LANGUAGE, CULTURE, AND SOCIETY…………………………………………………………………………..137 PART II PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM QUESTIONS, CONCEPTS, AND NEW CURRICULUM QUESTIONS………………………………………………..………..…….………….140-278 PART III - ANSWER KEY AND RATIONALIZATION BY SUBJECT…..……..…………………………………………….……………………………..………………….279-519 PREVIOUS BOARD EXAM QUESTIONS, CONCEPTS, AND NEW CURRICULUM QUESTIONS………………………………………………..………..…….………….520-775 A HUMBLE REQUEST FROM THE AUTHORS: WE RESPECTFULLY ASK YOU NOT TO DISTRIBUTE COPIES OF OUR MATERIALS TO OTHERS, BOTH AS A DEMONSTRATION OF OUR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND AS A PRACTICE FOR YOU AS YOU PREPARE TO BECOME A PROFESSIONAL EDUCATOR. WE ARE EXTREMELY GRATEFUL FOR YOUR ASSISTANCE IN THIS MATTER. II  ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES Apply content-based principles and strategies in developing language proficiency for specific discipline. 1. Which of these is English for Occupational Purpose? A. English for Dental Well-being B. English for Draftsmen C. English for Assessment D. English for Community Mobilization 2. What feature of ESP says that ESP courses are written to fit a particular group of students who belong to the same field? A. ESP is discipline-specific. B. ESP is goal-oriented. C. ESP is time-bound D. ESP is for adults. 3. Who defined ESP as a “quick and economical use of English language to pursue a course of academic study or effectiveness in paid employment?” A. Coffey (1985) B. Carter (1983) C. Strevens (1977) D. Hutchinson and Waters (1992) 4. For Hutchison and Waters, they emphasize ESP as an approach not a product. What does it mean? A. Language use is highlighted. B. ESP has goals. C. Focus on language learning D. ESP is a methodology. 5. This is also called as “Field” in which language varies according to subject matter and function. Which of the following is referred to? A. Dialect B. Medium C. Tenor Page | 1  D. Domain 6. Which type of syllabus would contain the following set of topics: making arrangements, taking part in an interview; buying and selling, etc.? A. Structural/situational syllabus B. Skill syllabus C. Functional/notional syllabus D. Functional/task-based syllabus 7. Which of the following written outputs does qualify as a product of English for Specific Purposes (ESP)? A. Annual Reports B. Financial Reports C. Laboratory reports D. Thesis abstracts 8. Before designing the English for Flight Attendants Syllabus, Mr. Cruz made a study on the most frequent and necessary terms that Flight Attendants use. What type of analysis did Mr. Cruz conduct? A. Present Situation Analysis B. Target situation analysis C. Discourse Analysis D. Register Analysis 9. Which of the following characteristics is NOT typically associated with English for Specific Purposes (ESP)? A. Focus on the language needs of specific groups of learners B. Use of authentic language materials C. Emphasis on grammar and syntax D. Development of communication skills appropriate to specific contexts 10. Which of the following is the most effective classroom activity for teaching ESP? A. Reading a general English language textbook. B. Watching a movie that is related to the learners' professional or academic contexts. Page | 2  C. Conducting a role-play or simulation activity that is relevant to the learners' professional or academic contexts. D. Memorizing grammar rules and vocabulary lists. 11. Which type of syllabus would contain the following set of topics: properties and shapes; structure; actions in sequence; cause and effect, etc? A. Structural/situational syllabus B. Skill syllabus C. Functional/notional syllabus D. Functional/task-based syllabus 12. Which category of ESP does English for teachers belong? A. EOP B. EAP C. EVP D. EBP 13. Which is an appropriate approach for developing an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) course syllabus? A. Starting with a standard English language syllabus and modifying it to suit the learners' needs. B. Asking the learners to provide input on the topics and language skills they would like to focus on. C. Using a needs analysis to identify the specific language needs and goals of the learners. D. Developing a syllabus that covers a wide range of language skills and topics. 14. Which of the following is true about ESP? A. It involves the teaching of general English language skills. B. It focuses on the language needs of specific groups or individuals. C. It is primarily used for academic purposes only. D. It is not applicable in the workplace or business context. Page | 3 15. What is the challenge in implementing ESP in the classroom? A. Finding appropriate materials and tasks that are relevant to the learners' specific needs. B. Teaching grammar and vocabulary in isolation from the learners' real-world needs. C. Using the same teaching methods and materials as General English. D. Focusing too much on fluency at the expense of accuracy. 16. Which type of knowledge is NOT required of the ESP teacher? A. A positive attitude towards the ESP content. B. A knowledge of the fundamental principles of the subject area. C. An awareness of how much they probably know. D. A specialist subject knowledge. 17. Which of the following includes all processes in which the designers should look into the needs of the learners, develop aims, determine an appropriate syllabus, and evaluate it? A. Course Design B. Syllabus Design C. ESP Course Design D. Curriculum Design 18. Which type of syllabus would contain the following set of topics: writing essays; study techniques and examinations; improving your reading, etc? A. Skill syllabus B. Discourse/skills syllabus C. Functional/task-based syllabus D. Skills and strategies 19. To assess and evaluate the learners' progress in an ESP course, which is the appropriate method? A. A multiple-choice grammar test that covers all possible grammar structures. B. A speaking test that focuses on the learners' ability to communicate in a wide range of social situations. Page | 4  C. A writing test that requires learners to write an essay on a topic that is unrelated to their specific needs. D. A task-based assessment that requires learners to complete a task that is relevant to their specific needs. 20. Which type of syllabus would contain the following set of topics: the nature of generalizations; general and specific information; levels of generality, etc? A. Skill syllabus B. Discourse/skills syllabus C. Functional/task-based syllabus D. Skills and strategies 21. Which type of syllabus would contain the following set of topics: exercises in personal evaluation; exercises in examining your job needs, exercises in using the ads, etc? A. Skill syllabus B. Discourse/skills syllabus C. Functional/task-based syllabus D. Skills and strategies 22. One of the consistent problems of ESP teachers is the lack of an orthodoxy. This means that: I. ESP teachers do not have ready-made, straightforward answers to problems they meet. II. ESP teachers need to distil and synthesize from several options those that best suit their circumstances. III. All ESP teachers are pioneers who are helping to shape the world of ESP. A. I only B. I and II C. II only D. I, II, and III Page | 5  REMEDIAL INSTRUCTION AND EARLY INTERVENTION FOR LANGUAGE LEARNING DIFFICULTIES Show competence in employing approach, strategies and techniques in organizing, designing, implementing and evaluating remedial and early intervention programs in language and literacy across the discipline. 23. What is the primary goal of remedial instruction in English? A. To separate the low performing from the high performing. B. To identify students who do not achieve school standards. C. To help students cope with the demands of their actual level. D. To help schools achieve their mission and in quality education. 24. Which of the following characterizes remedial students in general? A. They have a number of learning disabilities. B. They failed in two or more subject areas in their level. C. Their abilities fall several levels below their current level. D. They have low intended quotient and low emotional quotient. 25. For which is an Individualized Education Program (IEP)? I. Reinforcement of the foundation of learning II. Helping pupils to overcome their learning difficulties III. Developing learners‟ potentials A. I only B. II only C. III only D. I, II, III Page | 6 26. Reading diagnosis is a crucial component of the remedial reading program. What could be the problem of the students to constantly read pat as bat and got as dot? A. Phoneme isolation B. Segmenting syllables C. Blending of sounds D. Graphophonic correspondence 27. In designing a remedial program in English, which of the following is the most important of the student considerations? A. Learning styles B. Likes and dislikes C. Background knowledge D. Socio economic status 28. Which is primary consideration in choosing instructional materials for remedial instruction? A. Congruence with skills being developed. B. Demands of the mainstream class. C. Variety of instructional materials. D. Appeal to the student 29. Is remedial instruction the same as special education? A. No, however, remedial instruction may include children with special needs if they are diagnosed with difficulty. B. Yes, both remedial instruction and special education serve learners that need help. C. It depends on the clientele of remedial instruction. D. No, they are far apart and not in any way related 30. Which of the following is an important remedial listening strategy for those students who cannot distinguish between /r/ and /l/? A. Provide ample exercise on sound discrimination. B. Give exercises on various intonation patterns. Page | 7  C. Practice strategies in decoding sight words. D. Identify liaisons and incomplete plosives 31. What should be done first before doing remedial instruction? A. Reviewing report cards and standardized test scores B. Observing students in the classroom C. Conducting diagnostic assessments D. Asking parents for input 32. In designing a remedial instruction, what should be the approach to ensure that the needs of the diverse learners are met? A. Providing instruction in the students' first language to ensure comprehension B. Offering a variety of instructional methods and materials to accommodate different learning styles C. Focusing only on the needs of the highest-performing students to ensure they receive the most instruction D. Providing group instruction only to ensure consistency and efficiency 33. Which shows a multisensory approach to early language intervention? A. Using only auditory methods to teach new vocabulary B. Focusing only on grammar and syntax in language instruction C. Incorporating visual aids, such as pictures and videos, into language activities D. Using a standardized curriculum and approach for all children. 34. What is the recommended approach for supporting language development in children with learning difficulties who are bilingual or multilingual? A. Encouraging the child to use only one language at home and at school B. Focusing only on teaching the child English, even if the child is more proficient in another language C. Providing opportunities for the child to develop proficiency in all of their languages D. Avoiding the use of pictures and visual aids to support vocabulary learning Page | 8 35. Which of the following is a key aspect of effective communication with parents in an early language intervention program for students with learning difficulties? A. Providing detailed reports on the student's progress on a weekly basis B. Using jargon and technical terms to demonstrate expertise C. Encouraging parents to be active participants in the intervention process D. Minimizing contact with parents to avoid potential conflicts 36. One of the techniques in teaching pronunciation is minimal pair drills, what do you mean by this? A. The teacher established the setting or context then key vocabulary is presented. B. These provide practice on problematic sounds in the target language through listening discrimination and spoken practice. C. Articulatory descriptions, articulatory diagrams, and a phonetic alphabet are used. D. Passages and scripts are used for students to practice and then read aloud focusing on stress, timing, and intonation 37. It refers to understanding that letters represent sound so that words may be read by saying the sounds represented by the letters, and words may be spelled by writing the letters that represent the sounds in a word. A. Sight-Word Knowledge B. Basic Sight Words C. Alphabetic Knowledge D. Knowledge on Sound-Symbol Correspondence 38. Which of the following is NOT an instructional adaptation in remedial instruction? A. Scaffolding instructional cues. B. More challenging texts and tasks. C. Leveling and chunking of materials. D. Ongoing assessment and feedback. 39. The following are remedial teaching strategies EXCEPT _____. A. Individualized Educational Program (IEP) Page | 9  B. Peer Support Programmed C. Reward Scheme D. Test and Drill 40. Which of the following linguistic cueing systems allow a reader to figure out an unknown word base on its place in a sentence? A. Linguistic B. Graphophonic C. Syntactic D. Semantic 41. Choose the correct statement: Assertion: Remedial teaching focuses on addressing specific learning gaps. Reason: It aims to fast-track all students to the same academic level. A. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion. B. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion. C. Assertion is true, but Reason is false. D. Assertion is false, but Reason is true. 42. What should be the sequential order of steps of remedial teaching below? I. Analysis of pupils II. Choosing strategies III. Teaching objective IV. Adopting curriculum V. Evaluation A. III, II, IV, V, I B. IV, II, III, I, V C. I, III, IV, II, V Page | 10  D. I, IV, V, III, II 43. What is the term used to describe the step that follows the diagnosis process and involves actions to help children overcome their deficiencies? A. Therapeutic Instruction B. Compensatory Education C. Remedial Teaching D. Corrective Learning 44. Diagnostic tests are administered to __________. A. Find out deficiencies of the students with a view to planning remedies. B. Assess the suitability of a candidate for a specific programme. C. Test the language proficiency of students for providing them jobs. D. Judge the students’ capabilities 45. Teachers can remediate for the students with language learning difficulty by: A. Focusing on individual progress with individual instruction. B. Providing notes that are simplified C. Initially giving information as reading only, no writing. D. Conduct extra class for the students. 46. Remedial teaching is a ______. A. Preparation of teaching B. Systematic process C. Pre-teaching program D. Random process 47. Which of these is the strategy of remedial teaching? A. Action Research B. Programmed Test Page | 11  C. Both A and B D. None of the above 48. Which of the following reasons should the Remedial Teaching syllabus be based on? A. the teacher’s impression of language difficulties B. student’s interest in learning language C. an analysis of errors made by the learner D. an analysis of future needs of the learners 49. This type of instruction can be beneficial to students who get distracted by other students or frustrated when there is a lot going on in the classroom. A. Pull In Remediation B. Pull Out Remediation C. Push In Remediation D. Push out Remediation 50. This type of instruction is helpful when the student only needs minimal support and can also focus well in a whole group setting. A. Pull In Remediation B. Pull Out Remediation C. Push In Remediation D. Push out Remediation 51. What type of graphic similarity exists if a student's response "seems like" at least two of those three components? A. High graphic similarity B. Some graphic similarity C. No graphic similarity D. Graphic similarity Page | 12 52. Which form of retelling is demonstrated when the teacher asks the students a series of questions regarding the text's topic, the writer's goal, and the predictions or connections that learners may draw regarding the text? A. Unaided retelling B. Aided retelling C. Half-aided retelling D. Fully-aided retelling 53. At what reading level can learners read with 90–95% accuracy and understand at least 80% of simple memory questions about the story? A. Independent Reading level B. Successful Reading Level C. Frustration Reading Level D. Instructional Reading level LANGUAGE EDUCATION RESEARCH Identify pressing issues and problems in language teaching and learning. Apply principles and approaches in research to find answers to questions in language and literature teaching and learning. 54. What type of research is educational research in which the variables under study are being influenced and controlled? A. Quasi experimental B. Experimental research C. Ex-post facto research D. Mixed research 55. If a phenomenon changes over time, what kind of research should be undertaken to study it? A. Experimental Research Page | 13  B. Longitudinal Research C. Ex-post facto Research D. Ethnographic Research 56. According to socio-cultural theory, which of the following is the most effective way to promote language development in young learners? A. Providing opportunities for interaction with peers and adults B. Explicitly teaching grammar rules C. Focusing on error correction and accuracy D. Allowing learners to work independently 57. What is the correct sequence of actions in conducting an intervention-based action research in Education? A. Act, observe, plan and reflect B. Plan, act, observe and reflect C. Observe, plan, reflect and act D. Reflect, observe, plan and act 58. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative data analysis technique commonly used in language education research? A. Thematic analysis B. Grounded theory C. Discourse analysis D. ANOVA 59. The correct sequence of steps in the educational research process is: I. Identification of Problem II. Review of Literature III. Data Collection IV. Data Analysis Page | 14 V. Conclusion and Reporting Choose the correct answer from the options given below: A. I, II, III, IV, V B. II, I, IV, III, V C. III, IV, I, II, V D. II, V, III, IV, I 60. Which of the following are examples of Non-Probability sampling? I. Judgemental sampling II. Chain sampling III. Cluster sampling IV. Non-proportional stratified sampling A. I, II, and IV B. I and II C. I, II, and IV D. II and IV 61. Given below are two statements: Statement I: All valid tests are reliable but all reliable tests are not valid Statement II: Split-half method is used to determine the reliability of a test In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect C. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect D. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct Page | 15 62. Which of the following is an example of a communicative language teaching activity? A. Memorizing grammar rules B. Filling in the blanks in a sentence C. Role-playing a conversation D. Translating a paragraph from L1 to L2 63. In ethnographic research, a researcher uses a non-interactive strategy, which describes people's experiences and connotes their feelings. Which of the following strategies does it refer to? A. Field notes B. Inductive analysis C. Artifact collection D. Discovery analysis 64. An investigator wants to study the functioning of a school meant for tribal children. The most appropriate research design for this context would be classified as: A. Narrative Research B. Phenomenology C. Grounded Theory D. Ethnography 65. An investigator conducted a study to examine the effect of gender on attitude towards dowry system. The nature of this study was A. Descriptive B. Correlational C. Causal comparative D. Experimental 66. In which of the following types of sampling does a researcher select individuals based on specific characteristics or qualities, rather than random selection? A. Stratified Random Sampling B. Systematic Sampling Page | 16  C. Convenience Sampling D. Purposive Sampling 67. Which of the following is an example of a mixed-methods approach to research in language education? A. Conducting a quantitative survey of language teachers' beliefs and practices, followed by a qualitative analysis of a subset of responses. B. Observing language classrooms and analyzing student language production. C. Conducting a series of case studies of successful language learners, followed by a statistical analysis of the factors that contributed to their success. D. Conducting a series of experiments to test the effectiveness of different language teaching techniques. 68. A non-government organization conducted a study in Tondo, Manila to see the impacts of campaign approach on enrolment and retention of urban elementary school children. This is an example of _____. A. Descriptive Study B. Field Experiment C. Ex-post facto research D. Historical Research 69. What is the role of the teacher in a task-based language teaching (TBLT) lesson? A. To lecture on grammar rules and vocabulary B. To provide students with pre-determined tasks to complete C. To facilitate communication and guide students in completing a task D. To correct students' errors and provide feedback 70. Which of the following does not correspond to characteristics of research? A. Research is not passive. B. Research is systematic. C. Research is not a problem-oriented. D. Research is not a process. Page | 17 71. Distinguished features of the action research are as follows: I. Only teachers conduct action research. II. A small accessible population is used for the study. III. Sample drawn from a population is used for the study. IV. Researcher is the consumer of the findings. A. I and III B. I and II C. II and IV D. III and IV 72. It refers to the practical "how" of a research study. More specifically, it's about how a researcher systematically designs a study to ensure valid and reliable results that address the research aims, objectives and research questions. A. result B. methodology C. recommendations D. steps 73. What is the limitation of survey research in language education? A. It is a time-consuming and resource-intensive method. B. It may suffer from low response rates and/or biased responses. C. It is difficult to generalize findings to other contexts. D. It is only suitable for investigating surface-level phenomena 74. Which of the following represents the distinctive feature of qualitative research? A. Perspective based, inductive and meaning giving B. Hypothesis based, deductive and testing C. Deductive cum inductive based approach and generalization D. Deductive inquiry with focus and hypotheses being tested Page | 18 75. It is conducted one-on-one or with a small group. It can be used throughout the data-gathering process. Which technique is this in gathering data? A. Interview B. Focus group discussion C. Observations D. Surveys 76. This is used when researchers want to gather data from a large number of people. They can be both formal and informal. What data gathering technique is described? A. Interview B. Focus group discussion C. Observations D. Surveys 77. Which one is NOT theoretical framework? A. It discusses and explains the theory thoroughly. B. It enables you to see clearly the possible variables of the study C. It provides guidance in the conceptualization of the research problem. D. None of the above 78. This is a decision-oriented research that involves the application of scientific method in response to an immediate need to improve existing practices. What kind of research is this? A. Descriptive Research B. Laboratory Research C. Action Research D. Practical Research 79. The ethical principle that data collected from subjects should be kept confidential means that __________________ A. Data should be collected from anonymous participants. B. Researchers should never reveal the names of participants when they report results. Page | 19  C. Names can be released with the data only to other research professionals. D. Participants should not be told how they scored on the study's measuring instruments. 80. Which of the following features are considered as critical in qualitative research? A. Collecting data with the help of standardized research tools. B. Design sampling with probability sample techniques. C. Collecting data with bottom-up empirical evidence. D. Gathering data with top-down schematic evidence. 81. Which one is a list of sources on a topic, with commentary on each source written by a researcher? A. Citation B. Annotated bibliography C. Referencing D. Publication 82. When the subjects of a research change or improve their behaviour, not due to changes in experimental stimulus, it is called _____. A. The Hawthorne effect B. The Glenn effect C. The Fischer effect D. The Kerlinger effect 83. Which of the following is an example of a research bias that could occur in a study of language and gender? A. Observer bias B. Sampling bias C. Response bias D. Confirmation bias Page | 20 84. Which of the following explains why research is systematic? A. Research is based on data that perceive by senses. B. Research follows procedures. C. Research must be based on facts. D. Research makes use of tools. MYTHOLOGY AND FOLKLORE Demonstrate knowledge and principles of mythology and folklore from different countries. 85. What is the usual pattern in flood myths? I. Signs II. Survivors III. Size IV. Cause A. I, II, III, and IV B. IV, III, II and I C. I, IV, III, and II D. IV, I, III, and II 86. Hera is symbolized by what animal? A. frog B. peacock C. pig D. sparrow Page | 21 87. He is considered as the Mesopotamian great hero and son of goddess Ninsun whose stories are told in Sumerian and Babylonian poems. A. Gilgamesh B. Enkidu C. Enuma Elish D. Anu 88. In the Celtic myth of "The Children of Lir," what happens to the four children after they are turned into swans? A. They are hunted and killed by a hunter B. They remain swans for eternity C. They are rescued and turned back into humans D. They are transformed into stars in the sky 89. When Pallas Athena appeared as an old woman and challenged Arachne to a weaving contest, the goddess proves that ____. A. changing identity is easy B. goddess has the power to appear C. physical appearance is deceiving D. goddess is just like mortal woman 90. He is perhaps the most popular god among the Scandinavians during the Viking Age. He is portrayed as unrelentingly pursuing his foes and with his mountain-crashing thunderous hammer Mjolnir in hand. A. Odin B. Frigg C. Thor D. Loki 91. It is a mythical fire bird from ancient Egypt which is portrayed as a bird that dies in fire and is reborn of it. A. Griffin Page | 22  B. Phoenix C. Unicorn D. Banshee 92. What is the primary symbolism of the Trojan Horse in the Trojan War? A. It symbolizes deceit and betrayal. B. It symbolizes the cunning and intelligence of the Trojan warriors. C. It represents the strength and power of the Greek’s army. D. It represents a gift of peace and friendship between the Greeks and Trojans. 93. In Greek mythology, who was the hero who sailed in the long ship Argo to search for the golden fleece? A. Achilles B. Jason C. Paris D. Ulysses 94. This is the attribution of a human form, human characteristics, or human behavior to nonhuman things, e.g. deities in mythology and animals in children’s stories. A. Anthropomorphism B. Ethereal C. God-like D. Anthropocentrism 95. Which of the following best describes the Tagalog myth Malakas and Maganda? A. The creation of bodies of water B. The creation of the universe C. The great flood D. The creation of mankind Page | 23 96. The “body” (line 3) is the body of _____. And on the slope above the sea The hard-handed peasants go their round Turning the soil, blind to the body Ambitious and viable, whose pride Will leave no trace in the quenching tide. A. Ulysses B. Achilles C. Icarus D. Priam 97. Philosophical-religious belief in reincarnation is based on which mythical character? A. Orpheus B. Paris C. Achilles D. Agamemnon 98. She is a woman with snakes as hair and turned into stone whoever looked at her. A. Helen B. Medea C. Lavinia D. Medusa 99. When Oedipus learns the incredible truth about his mother and father, he puts out his own eyes and leaves his city to wander and eventually dies. This shows _______________. A. fate’s control over human’s lives B. regret and repentance to a wrong decision C. physical manifestation of the limitation of man Page | 24  D. acceptance of wrongdoing and self-punishment 100. In the Middle Ages and Renaissance, it was commonly described as symbol of purity and grace, which could only be captured by a virgin. A. Troll B. Dragon C. Kappa D. Unicorns 101. Which is the subject in Mythic history portrayed in “Musee des Beaux Arts” painting? A. Daedalus and Icarus B. Iliad and Odyssey C. Farewell of Hector and Andromache D. Encounter with Polyphemus 102. A traditional or legendary story, usually concerning some being or hero or event, with or without a determinable basis of fact or a natural explanation, especially one that is concerned with deities or demigods and explains some practice, rite, or phenomenon of nature. A. Legend B. Myth C. Fable D. Folktale 103. Which of the following statements is correct? A. Tall tales are funny stories written about ordinary people. People read the stories for entertainment, and relaxation. B. Tall tales are stories about extraordinary characters compared to people in real life. They are usually funny and entertaining. C. Tall tales are stories about characters who lived in the 18th century. They are based on real people, and are read with groups of people. D. Tall tales are true stories about extraordinary events that took place in America during the 18th century. Page | 25 104. What group of twelve elder gods came before the Roman gods? A. Celtics B. Ogres C. Cyclops D. Titans 105. Which mythical creature is depicted as a shape changer who could transform into a cat, a big dog, or a pig, and who liked to eat people? A. Manananggal B. Aswang C. Tikbalang D. Kapre 106. Which of the following creatures from Japanese folklore is known for its ability to shape-shift and often appears as a beautiful woman? A. Tengu B. Kappa C. Kitsune D. Oni 107. What does the crossroads represent in Oedipus the King? A. Oedipus' fate, where he made a life changing decision B. the beginning of Oedipus' journey C. the ability of Oedipus to finally see the truth D. an interaction with the supernatural 108. Paul Bunyan and Bernardo Carpio are tales that depict a greatly exaggerated imaginative story or account of something or someone such as an extraordinary person doing extra ordinary things. What type of tales being described? A. Realistic tales B. Humorous tales Page | 26  C. Folktale D. Tall tales 109. According to the epic poem Enuma Elish, this Mesopotamian god leads the new gods in a battle against the old gods. After defeating the gods of chaos and gaining power of a supreme god, he creates the sky and earth, as well as the first human beings. A. Tiamat B. Kingu C. Marduk D. Nabu 110. What is the main theme of the epic of Gilgamesh? A. The meaning of life, identity and relationship, and mortality and immortality. B. Love and friendship, fate and free will, and honor C. Believing in one's sacred duty called dharma D. Hospitality, Loyalty, and Vengeance. 111. In the Chinese myth of the Monkey King, what does the monkey's journey to retrieve the Buddhist scriptures symbolize? A. The search for enlightenment B. The importance of education C. The dangers of greed and ambition D. The power of friendship and loyalty 112. He was a fearless warrior and king who one day saw the emptiness of his life and turned his back on it, becoming a wanderer and sadhu. He refused to return to the world that is why he is often alluded to as having refused the responsibility. A. King Minos B. King Muchukunda C. King Rama D. Jason Page | 27 113. Which of the following is NOT a description of a creation myth? A. Describes how the universe, earth, and life began B. Explains the workings of the natural world C. Supports and validates local laws D. Guides people through the trials of living 114. Which of the descriptions below best describes the goddess Aphrodite? A. Goddess of wisdom and war who was the patron god of Athens B. Goddess of love and beauty who was married to Hephaestus C. Goddess of agriculture whose symbol was the pig D. Goddess of family and marriage who was queen of the gods 115. For what act is Antigone sentenced to death? A. She killed her own father. B. She refused to marry the king’s son. C. She disobeyed her sister’s command. D. She performed the burial rituals for her brother. 116. What powerful god lived in the Underworld rather than on Mount Olympus? A. Hades B. Poseidon C. Zeus D. Apollo 117. To punish himself for murdering his father and having sexual relations with his mother, what did Oedipus do? A. He killed himself. B. He gouged his eyes. C. He castrated himself. Page | 28  D. He ordered his sons to murder him 118. According to the myth of Demeter and Persephone, the "death" of the world in winter comes about because of _____. A. the grief of Demeter for her lost daughter Persephone. B. the grief of Persephone for her mother. C. the anger of Hades toward Demeter. D. the anger of Demeter toward Hades. 119. The story of Cupid and Psyche depicts undying love and devotion. What was Psyche’s mistake that according to Cupid was a betrayal? A. Psyche got infatuated with Zeus. B. Psyche believed her sisters persuasion that her lover was an ugly beast and would kill her. C. Psyche disobeyed her husband when she enlightened his face in the middle of the night. D. Psyche left the house without her husband permission. 120. In Hindu mythology, he is traditionally depicted with four heads, four faces and four arms. He also symbolizes the supreme eternal deity whose essence pervades the entire universe. A. Brahma B. Vishnu C. Shiva D. Sarasvati 121. Which of the following is an example of Philippine Tall tale? A. Ang Matsing at ang Pagong B. Si Malakas at Maganda C. Biag ni Lam-ang D. Ang Alamat ng Pinya 122. Whose wily mind thought of the stratagem of the wooden horse that is often alluded to have caused the Trojans’ defeat against the Greeks? A. Achilles Page | 29  B. Aeneas C. Menealus D. Odysseus 123. Who died at the end of Iliad? A. Achilles B. Agamemnon C. Hector D. Menelaus 124. What is the Greek name for Venus? A. Aphrodite B. Thalassa C. Venussa D. Thalea 125. What is the story of "The Carabao and the Shell?" A. A carabao and a shell compete in a race, with the carabao using its strength to overcome obstacles and win. B. A carabao and a shell make unlikely friends, learning valuable lessons about cooperation and friendship. C. A carabao discovers a magical shell that grants wishes, leading to a series of adventures and misadventures. D. A carabao and a shell engage in a battle of wits, with each trying to outsmart the other to prove their superiority. Page | 30  SURVEY OF LITERATURE OF SELECTED COUNTRIES  Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of Literature of the following countries:  Philippine Literature in English  Afro-Asian Literature  English and American Literature Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of literatures from different countries in order to gain insights into other people’s philosophy, culture, religions, beliefs, needs and aspirations. Demonstrate understanding and knowledge in preparing annotated reading lists of selected literary pieces from different countries. Exhibit skills in analyzing and appreciating the outstanding characteristics of literature of different PHILIPPINE countries. LITERATURE IN ENGLISH 126. In this period, most Filipino writers imitated the writing styles and techniques of English and American writers as a direct result of American colonization in our nation. A. Period of Apprenticeship B. Period of New Society C. Contemporary Period D. Period of Emergence 127. The teacher asked the students to write a poem that is inspired by Jose Garcia Villa's style. Which of the following would help them with to make the poem similar to his? A. excessive usage of commas B. reversed consonance rhyme scheme C. exaggerated statements D. highfalutin words 128. What does this excerpt reveal about Vicente’s character? “The man’s arms tightened suddenly about the little girl until the little girl squirmed out of his arms, and laughed a little breathlessly, disturbed but innocent, looking at the man with a smiling little question of puzzlement.” -From: Magnificence by Estrella D. Alfon A. Concern Page | 31  B. Goal-oriented C. Persistent D. Malicious 129. It has no fixed meter nor rhyme scheme although a number are written in octo-syllabic quatrains and have a solemn tone and spiritual subject matter. A. Dalit B. Tanaga C. Diona D. Tanka 130. In Paz Lotorena’s The Small Key, what is inside the chest when the second wife Soledad opened it using the small key? A. skeletons B. old clothes and other things owned by the first wife C. land titles and other documents D. weapons used by Pedro during the Second World War 131. What do ‘dead stars’ symbolize in Marquez-Benitez’ story? A. the let-down feeling over the truth of disillusionment B. the dilemma between responsibility and freedom C. the discovery of how life’s values change with time D. The doubts and uncertainty that stand in a relationship. 132. “There was nothing to fear, for the man was always so gentle, so kind.” What literary device is employed in this line from Magnificence? A. foreshadowing B. in medias res C. symbolism D. flashback Page | 32 133. Who wrote Mga Ibong Mandaragit? A. Virgilio Almario B. Edgardo Reyes C. Lualhati Bautista D. Amado V. Hernandez 134. What is the theme of Five Brothers, One Mother? A. family and home B. love for siblings C. adultery D. domestic violence 135. In Kerima Polotan Tuvera’s The Virgin, why did Miss Mijares fail to find a man to marry? A. Because she is busy with work B. Because she concentrated in her studies C. Because she is choosy in finding a man D. Because she took care of her sick mother 136. What is the point of view in N.V.M. Gonzalez’s epistolary short story, The Happiest Boy in the World? A. First point of view B. Second Point of View C. Third-person limited point of view D. Third-person omniscient point of view 137. Which of the following is the first post-war Filipino novel written in English? A. Without Seeing the Dawn by Stevan Javellana B. Bonsai by Edith L. Tiempo C. Rosales Saga by F. Sionil Jose Page | 33  D. May Day Eve by Nick Joaquin 138. Which period is considered the golden age of the Filipino language? A. Spanish regime B. Japanese regime C. American regime D. Marcos regime 139. Which of the following is a short story written by Francisco Arcellana that depicts a character’s struggle in coping with the death of his children? A. "The Mats" B. "A Clown Remembers" C. "Death in a Factory" D. "The Man Who Would Be Poe” 140. What problem is pointed out by the author in the story “How My Brother Brought Home a Wife” by Manuel Arguilla? A. How Filipinos live in the province B. How Filipinos solve family problems C. How Filipinos are affected by new technology D. How Filipinos accept or treat a new family member 141. Which of the following lines from “Flowers of May” by Francisco Arcellana depicted its climax? A. When Peping says, “Enough of this, I have had enough,” his mother confronts him about what it is that he has had enough of. B. “Oh, Pepeng!” Mother cries. Father proclaims, “Victoria did not want to die!” “Victoria did not want to die,” the father reiterates. “I saw that she did not want to die.” C. “The flowers are gone. The flowers of May are gone. I saw that Victoria did not want to die. There was nothing I could do. There was nothing one could do,” Father says helplessly. D. “I won’t have any more of it,” Father says. The girls are still and silent, in shock at not listening. “What would you have no more of?” Mother asks. “Do you think it is easy to watch your child die before your eyes?” Father demands in a loud and unnatural voice. Page | 34 142. What is the function of Filipino folk narratives? A. to honor the gods B. to ward off evil spirits C. to teach proper behavior D. to explain natural phenomena 143. Which stories reflect the people’s beliefs and are handed down from generation to generation by word of mouth? A. folktales B. poetry C. novels D. prose 144. Who is the second editor-in-chief of the La Solidaridad? A. Emilio Jacinto B. Jose Rizal C. Graciano Lopez Jaena D. Marcelo H. del Pilar 145. Who among the following is known in portraying the lives of the peasant folks in stories with local color? A. Amador Daguio B. Severino Reyes C. Manuel Arguilla D. Valeriano Hernandez Peña 146. What does the fence symbolize in the story “The Fence” written by Jose Garcia Villa? A. protection from intrusion B. the distance between two families C. the hindrances that separate the families Page | 35  D. free standing structure designed to restrict movement across a boundary 147. Who was the founder and first editor of the La Solidaridad? He was also considered as the greatest orator of the Reform Movement? A. Graciano Lopez Jaena B. Gregorio H. Del Pilar C. Marcelo H. del Pilar D. Mariano Ponce 148. It refers to a series of controversial poems which led to Jose Garcia Villa’s suspension from the University of the Philippines. A. Man Songs B. Mir-i-nisa C. Footnote to Youth D. Winds of April 149. Who is the Ifugao hero immortalized in the epic Hudhud? A. Aliguyon B. Duluyan C. Banna D. Lumawig 150. “She did not have the courage to break into the wedding feast.” What did the ‘wedding feast’ stand for in the relationship of Awiyao and Lumnay in Daguio’s “Wedding Dance”? A. village tradition B. love for each other C. desire to have a child D. patriarchal society 151. Which phrase is associated with President Ramon Magsaysay? A. For democracy will die Page | 36  B. To whom it may concern C. For whom the bell tolls D. To all the girls I have loved before 152. Which of the following best describes the message of the short story, “The Centipede” by Rony V. Diaz? A. Childhood memories should be treasured B. Children should be responsible with the tricks they do with their siblings. C. Teasing is only for adults. D. Childhood relationships between siblings are sometimes painful. 153. What rhythmical device is used in this line from Latorena’s The Small Key? “…even the low square nipa house that stood in unashamed relief against the gray green haze of grass and leaves.” A. alliteration B. assonance C. consonance D. anaphora ENGLISH AND AMERICAN LITERATURE 154. What is the theme of “Beloved” by Toni Morrison? A. dehumanization through slavery B. love and friendship C. life and death D. good vs evil 155. Which of these phrases appears on William Shakespeare’s gravestone? A. “May the great author rest in peace” B. “He wrote so much that man will take years to understand everything.” C. “He arrived on this earth with nothing. When he died, he left everything to us.” Page | 37  D. “…curst be he that moves my bones.” 156. Which of the following literary work/s is/are classified as dystopian literature? I. 1984 II. Fahrenheit 451 III. Animal farm IV. Wuthering Heights A. I, II, and IV B. I, II, and III C. I, III, and IV D. I and III 157. What does “Legend of Sleepy Hollow” by Washington Irving symbolize? A. A man sleeping in a hollow B. Dark place where men die C. Conflict of man versus the supernatural D. Nothing much happening 158. Who is speaking in the poem below? “Sunset and the evening star And one clear call for me And may these be no moaning for the bar When I put out to sea” A. A dying man B. A captain of a ship C. A fisherman D. A traveler Page | 38 159. A trickster character appears in different literature. Which of the following does not correctly define a trickster? A. dwarft wins a fight against a giant B. has the character of good and evil C. plays pranks on friends D. has limited access to people in the world 160. Robert Frost wrote the poem" Acquainted with the Night" from which the stanza is taken: I have been one acquainted with the night. I have walked out in rain-back in rain. I have outwalked the farthest city light. The poet in the stanza talks of: A. isolation and loneliness B. happiness in having been acquainted with the night C. joy getting out of the house D. youthful delight playing in the rain 161. Who is remembered for his proverbial lines, "Where ignorance is bliss, tis foly to be wise"? A. Elizabeth Browning B. John Keats C. Thomas Gray D. William Wordsworth 162. Which of the following BEST describes the lines from the poem, “Annabel Lee” by Edgar Allan Poe? “But our love it was stronger by far than the love Nor those who were older than we- Of many far wiser than we- And neither the angels in Heaven above Page | 39 Can ever dissever my soul from the soul Of the beautiful Annabel Lee…” A. Unrequited Love B. Forbidden Relationship C. Immense Love D. Consummate Love 163. What conflict is seen in Harry Potter and Sorcerer's Stone? A. Voldemort stops Harry from stealing the stone. B. Harry stops Voldemort from stealing the stone. C. Harry rejects the offer of help from the Ministry of Magic and the Order of the Phoenix D. Harry, Hermione and Ron face danger from the Death Eaters 164. In Antoine de Saint-Exupery’s The Little Prince, the little prince has a rose from his own planet. When he came to Earth, he saw a lot of roses. His fox friend explained that it was the little prince’s time devoted to the rose that makes her different from the rest of the roses. Which of the following BEST deciphers the thought of the story? A. Everyone is alike but not everyone's the same as the ones you spent your moments with. B. Everyone is alike and worthy of our time. C. Everyone is special and should be treated fairly. D. Everyone is the same and can be special in their own way. 165. What is the rhythm or sound pattern of the poetic lines in Sonnet 43 of Elizabeth Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese? (Consider this line: I love thee to the depth and breadth and height) A. anapestic hexameter B. trochaic pentameter C. iambic pentameter D. spondaic tetrameter Page | 40 166. Which of the following writers of the Victorian era was widely recognized as a master of dramatic monologue and psychological portraiture? A. Oscar Wilde B. George Eliot C. Lewis Carroll D. Robert Browning 167. What is the recurring motif of Edgar Allan Poe’s poems based on “Annabel Lee”? A. Gothic B. Rural/pastoral Life C. Superstitions D. Industrial Progression 168. What does the road symbolize in Robert Frost’s “The Road Not Taken” “Two roads diverged in a wood, and I- I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference.” A. Decisions B. Path C. Untrodden way D. Scenery 169. Which of the following does NOT describe William Faulkner’s literary text? A. Uses rich Baroque style B. Utilizes different POV’s C. Makes use of Harlem Renaissance motif D. Uses Yoknapatawpha County as an imagine landscape in most novels Page | 41 170. Whose poems, with traditional stanzas and a blank verse, portray ordinary people in everyday situations like “Mending Wall,” and “The Road Not Taken”? A. Ezra Pound B. Robert Frost C. Allen Ginsberg D. Ernest Hemingway 171. In Harper Lee's "To Kill a Mockingbird," the mockingbird represents: A. Innocence and vulnerability B. Courage and determination C. Deception and betrayal D. Wisdom and understanding 172. How does stream of consciousness differ from a traditional first-person narrative? A. Stream of consciousness is more chaotic and fragmentary B. Stream of consciousness uses the third-person perspective C. First-person narrative doesn't allow for the expression of a character's thoughts D. First-person narrative uses more complex language 173. What does the “ring” symbolize in these lines from The Lord of the Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien? “One Ring to rule them all, One Ring to find them. One Ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them.” A. The ring represents inner source of combat. B. The ring represents ultimate power. C. The ring represents desire of goodness. D. The ring represents destruction. 174. In addition to Virginia Woolf, which other major author frequently employed the stream of consciousness technique? A. James Joyce Page | 42  B. Robert Louis Stevenson C. Rudyard Kipling D. Charles Dickens 175. Widely acclaimed as the Father of Free Verses, he revealed his experiences about miracles nurturing the idea that life is a big miracle through his poem Miracles. A. William Wordsworth B. Walt Whitman C. William Shakespeare D. Sir Walter Scott 176. What is the central theme of Emily Dickenson’s Poem 172: Because I Could Not Stop for Death? A. Acceptance of death as destiny of all human beings B. Resentment and indignant displeasure C. Self-understanding of dramatic changes D. Isolation and self-pity 177. He is the pioneer in serial literature which is a printed format by which a single larger work, often a work of narrative fiction is published in sequential installments. A. Ernest Hemingway B. Arthur Miller C. Charkes Dicken D. Rudyard Kipling 178. Which of Robert Browning's poems is a dramatic monologue in which the speaker, Duke of Ferrara, describes a portrait of his deceased wife and his controlling nature? A. "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" B. "Ode to a Nightingale" C. "My Last Duchess" D. "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” Page | 43 179. In Jane Austen's "Pride and Prejudice," the character Elizabeth Bennet experiences personal growth and change in her initial prejudices. What pivotal event in the novel marks her realization and growth, demonstrating the theme of moving on? A. Mr. Darcy's proposal B. A visit to Pemberley C. A confrontation with Lady Catherine D. A dance at nether 180. Who is the leader of Imagists who emphasized the use of direct and sparse language and precise images in writing poetry? A. Ezra Pound B. Virginia Woolf C. John Keats D. William Wordsworth 181. In contemporary literature, how is the archetype “scapegoat” portrayed in The Hunger Games series? A. The tributes have to pay for the previous rebellions of their own districts. B. The tributes have to fight each other to win the prize. C. The tributes should willingly sacrifice themselves for Capitol D. The tributes must protect the district to avoid more deaths. 182. Who is known for confessional poetry, a kind of poetry that deals with the private experiences of the speaker? A. Sherwood Anderson B. Ernest Hemingway C. Anne Sexton D. Ezra Pound 183. Washington Irving is known for “Rip Van Winkle” and the “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”, what is their literary genre? A. Poems Page | 44  B. Novels C. Drama D. Short Stories 184. In Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne gave birth of an unknown parentage. She is required to wear a scarlet "A" for "Adulteress" on her dress when she is in public. How does this explain women's role during the 17th century? A. Women were treated as equals of men B. Women were categorized with an "A" as the heiress of the throne C. Women were marked with eternal humiliation for their own mistakes. D. Women were civilized beings with genuine care for their parents. 185. The line “nevermore” is taken from the poem __________. A. Ulalume – A Balad B. The Sleeper C. Lenore D. The Raven 186. In William Blake's "Ah Sunflower," what do sunflowers symbolize? A. humans and their desire for an everlasting life. B. continuous struggles in life C. human’s utmost care of one's soul D. passage of time 187. Identify the play from which the line is taken: “Good name in man and woman, dear my lord, Is the immediate jewel of their souls.” A. Macbeth B. Merchant of Venice C. As You Like It D. Othello Page | 45 188. Among the statements below, which best characterizes Decameron by Boccacio? A. An equally devout reference for this truth B. A complete negation of the Christian Doctrine C. Characteristics of the merchant class D. A sexual libertinism that seeks to revive the great pleasure of ancient Rome. 189. Who assassinated Abraham Lincoln? A. George H. W. Bush B. Lee Harvey Oswald C. John Wilkes Booth D. Lyndon Baines Johnson 190. In The Fall of the House of Usher, Edgar Allan Poe uses simile comparing Usher to what kind of addict? A. caffeine B. meth C. cocaine D. opium 191. What does the following passage say about life? Life’s but a walking shadow, a poor player That struts and frets his hour upon the stage And then is heard no more. A. Life is eternal. B. Life has its end. C. Life is passing. D. Life goes through stages. Page | 46 192. The following are metaphysical poets EXCEPT ________. A. Andrew Marvell B. John Donne C. George Herbert D. Robert Burns 193. According to Lincoln in “The Gettysburg Address," on what premise is the war being fought? A. gender-fairness and sensitivity B. open-mindedness and receptivity to change C. depravity and the use of irresponsible power D. government of the people, by the people, for the people 194. Which of the following films was Edward Albee’s play starring Elizabeth Taylor? A. Cleopatra B. Lassie C. Giant D. Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? 195. Who wrote “Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose is a rose”? A. Agatha Christie B. Ezra Pound C. Aldous Huxley D. Gertrude Stein 196. What is predicted by William Blake in these lines? A dog starved at his master’s gate, Predicts the ruin of a state. A. disaster B. productivity Page | 47  C. famine D. prosperity 197. Which is Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s most important work on political philosophy? A. The Art of War B. Discourse on Method C. The Social Contract D. Two Treatises on Government 198. It is considered as one of the world’s greatest short stories, and it is Edgar Allan Poe’s story of terror about a hypochondriac living in morbid fear. A. Annabel Lee B. The Raven C. Macbeth D. The Fall of the House of Usher 199. He was the American President who said “Ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.” A. Franklin Roosevelt B. Harry Truman C. Gerald Ford D. John F. Kennedy 200. In “The Count of Monte Cristo,” Edmond Dantes was wrongfully imprisoned in the ______. A. Bastille B. Conciergerie C. Castle of Chillon D. Devil’s Island 201. What makes "Hamlet" a tragedy? A. It ends with the death of the main character. Page | 48  B. It deals with serious and somber themes. C. It is set during a time of war and political unrest. D. It is primarily a comedy with tragic elements. 202. In Macbeth, we see Macbeth’s downfall caused by ______. A. supernatural intervention B. overwhelming ambition for power C. an unfair plot against his life D. a naturally blood-thirsty disposition 203. What is the real name of Mark Twain, the author of two of the Great American Novels of the 19th century—The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn? A. William Cullen Bryant B. Sidney Lanier C. Samuel Langhorne Clemens D. Vachel Lindsey AFRO-ASIAN LITERATURE 204. The lines of the poem below describe Africa as a land that is ____________. AFRICA By: David Diop Africa, my Africa Africa of proud warriors In ancestral savanna Africa of whom my grandmother sings A. Free and beautiful B. Mysterious and unexplored Page | 49  C. War town and undeveloped D. Primitive and uncivilized 205. A novel written by Mongo Beti is a stark revelation of the deception, hypocrisy, blasphemy, and moral decadence that characterize a small village set in colonial Cameroon, a microcosm of Africa, brimming with Catholic missionaries. What is the title of this novel? A. The Houseboy B. The Poor Christ of Bombay C. The River Between D. Heirs to the Past 206. Who was the earliest interpreter of the philosophy of Taoism? A. Lao-Tzu B. Chuang Tzu C. Lieh Tzu D. Lui An 207. Which of the following lines from the poem “Vulture” by Chinua Achebe represents a miserable or bleak scene? “In the grayness And drizzle of one despondent Dawn unstirred by harbingers Of sun break a vulture Perching high on Broken bones a dead tree…” A. dawn unstirred by harbingers B. of sun break a vulture C. in the grayness D. broken bones and a dead tree Page | 50 208. What is the title of the collected sayings of Confucius which contain truth about social relations between and among family members? A. The Analects B. The Great Learning C. The Doctrine of the Mean D. The Way 209. Of the Five Classics, which describes ancient rites, social forms, and court ceremonies? A. Book of Changes B. Book of Rites C. Book of Poetry D. Spring and Autumn Annals 210. Who is the Chinese leader whose essays and poems depicted totalitarian rule in China and advocated a revolutionary government? A. Chiang Kai-shek B. Mao Zedong C. Jiang Qing D. Sun Yat-sen 211. According to Confucius, what is the best way to rule people and attain harmony? “If you lead on the people with correctness, who will dare not to be correct?” A. by force B. by consulting the governed C. by moral example D. by allowing people to do as they please 212. Which of the following is a classic work of Japanese literature by Murasaki Shikibu? It is sometimes called the world's first true novel, the first modern novel, or the first psychological novel. A. A Collection of Tales from Uji Page | 51  B. Tale of Genji C. Tale of Flowering Fortunes D. Tale of the Heike 213. Japanese folktale entitled The Story of the Aged Mother speaks about the following EXCEPT one. Which is the exception? A. The fate of the common people under a despot is grim. B. A citizen’s disobedience towards a cruel mandate ends tragically. C. The daimyo’s unreasonable order is seemingly a boast of his power. D. It is an exhibit of the saying: with a crown of snow, there cometh wisdom. 214. What is dominantly tackled in “Say It with Flowers” by Toshio Mori? A. servants being treated by bosses B. people being able to communicate with flowers C. managing a flower shop business D. businessmen fooling their clients and customers 215. He is known as the “Indian Shakespeare” and the brightest of the “Navaratnas” (Nine Gems) in Emperor Chandragupta II’s court. Who is he? A. Bhasa B. Kalidasa C. Valmiki A. D Vyasa 216. The Gitanjali is a collection of poems by Rabindranath Tagore. What is the English translation of the title? A. Song for the Least B. Song Offerings C. Song of Freedom D. Song of Songs Page | 52 217. What literary device was predominantly used in the Arabian Nights? A. allegory B. frame story C. deus ex machine D. verisimilitude 218. This is Chinua Achebe’s magnum opus and the most widely read book in modern African literature. It recounts the story of Okonkwo, a yam farmer who lives during the colonization of Nigeria, and focuses on the corruption that is rampant in African societies. This novel is the first of The African Trilogy. What is the title of the novel? A. A Man of the People B. No Longer at Ease C. Arrow of God D. Things Fall Apart 219. Who is the Nigerian poet and playwright who is the first African to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature? His novels include “The Interpreters” and “Season of Anomy.” A. Bernard Dadie B. Nelson Mandela C. David Diop D. Wole Soyinka 220. Who is this South African leader who is an anti-apartheid revolutionary and considered the “Father of the Nation”? He wrote “Long Walk to Freedom.” A. Bernard Dadie B. Nelson Mandela C. David Diop D. Wole Soyinka Page | 53 221. Which Indian literary work depicts Hindu beliefs and forms of social organization, karma theory, wifehood ideals, and attitudes about caste, honor, and promises? It consists of over 24,000 couplets divided into seven books. A. Mahabharata B. Ramayana C. Bhagavad-Gita D. Pachatranta 222. Which of the following works narrates the story of a king who goes hunting and meets a beautiful maiden who becomes his wife? It further relates the king and his wife’s separation and eventual unification. A. Dhammapaba B. Shakuntala C. Panchatantra D. Tripitaka 223. Who is the Indian author whose works concern the struggles of contemporary Indians with conflicting Eastern and Western values? A. Kamala Markandaya B. R. K. Narayan C. Prem Chand D. Anita Desai 224. This era in ancient Chinese civilization is also known as the “Hundred Schools Period” because of the many competing philosophers and teachers who emerged, the most influential among them being Lao Tzu and Confucius. A. Shang Dynasty B. T’ang Dynasty C. Chou Dynasty D. Ch’in Dynasty Page | 54 225. He is called the “father of the modern Chinese short story” because of his introduction of Western techniques. A. Chou-Shu-jen B. Li Ch’ing-chao C. Tu Fu D. Wang Wei 226. One of the features of African oral literature that served foremost as memory aids for griots and other storytellers. It also creates rhythm, builds suspense, and adds emphasis to parts of the poem or narrative. A. repeat-and-vary technique B. tonal assonance C. repetition and parallel structure D. call-and-response format 227. He is the leading figure of the Negritude movement. A. Leopold Senghor B. Dennis Brutus C. Wole Soyinka D. David Diop 228-230 - Train Journey by Dennis Brutus Along the miles of steel That span my land Threadbare children stand Knees ostrich bulbous on their reedy legs, Their empty hungry hands Lifted as if in a prayer. Page | 55 228. What does “miles of steel/ than span my land”’ mean? A. Progressive and civilized areas of the land B. Strength of the people C. Ruling leaders of the land D. Existence of train in the land 229. What does the poem Train Journey by Dennis Brutus mean? A. Poverty amidst industrial progress B. Scarcity of industrial materials for the train C. Children’s survival from hunger D. Scarcity of food for the children 230. What does the “ostrich” symbolize based on the poem Train Journey by Dennis Brutus? A. Children B. Workers C. Developers D. Victims 231. It is a satirical poem written by Wole Soyinka about a black man seeking the landlady’s permission to accommodate him in her lodging house. The poetic dialogue reveals the landlady’s deep-rooted prejudice against the colored people as the caller plays up to it. A. Train Journey B. Telephone Conversation C. Africa D. Song of Lawino 232. What is the theme of this African proverb: “On the way to one’s beloved, there are no hills.”? A. Real love knows no boundaries. B. Sacrifice is the gauge of true love. Page | 56  C. Obstacles make a relationship strong. D. True love is tested by difficulties. 233. Who is the South African novelist and short story writer whose major themes are exile and alienation and who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1991? A. Bessie Head B. Barbara Kimenye C. Nadine Gordimer D. Ousmane Sembene CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENT LITERATURE Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of children literature and adolescent literature. Apply concepts, principles, methods and strategies in teaching literacy skills using varied children and adolescent literary texts. 234. What is the theme of “Hansel and Gretel?” A. resourcefulness and inventiveness in confronting challenging conditions. B. love and friendship, fate and free will, and honor C. courage, good versus evil, loyalty, generosity, reputation, and the heroic code D. imagination, courage versus cowardice, maternal love, and preserving memory 235. Who is the famous author of "Peter Pan," a beloved work of children's literature from the Edwardian Era? A. Lewis Carroll B. J.M. Barrie C. Beatrix Potter D. Kenneth Grahame Page | 57 236. In Edwardian children's literature, E. Nesbit is known for her magical stories where children discover enchanted objects granting them wishes. What is the title of one of her famous works that features such a theme? A. "Peter Pan" B. "Five Children and it" C. "The Tale of Peter Rabbit" D. "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland” 237. What is the term for a type of teenagers' literature that explores the challenges and emotional struggles faced by young people, often dealing with issues like identity, relationships, and self- discovery? A. Adventure novels B. Historical fiction C. Realistic fiction D. Biographies 238. Which famous children's author from the Edwardian Era is known for her tales featuring anthropomorphic animals in charming, British countryside settings? A. Lewis Carroll B. Beatrix Potter C. J.M. Barrie D. Kenneth Grahame 239. In A. A. Milne's "Winnie-the-Pooh" stories, many of the characters are embodied by anthropomorphic toys. Each toy's personality and quirks seem perfectly aligned with their physical form. Which character's personality and actions are MOST demonstrably connected to their specific toy animal representation? A. Eeyore, the gloomy donkey, whose long ears always seem droopy and whose demeanor reflects his pessimistic outlook. B. Piglet, the timid piglet, who is easily startled and hesitant, mirroring the skittish nature of real pigiets. Page | 58  C. Rabbit, the meticulously organized rabbit, whose obsession with schedules and order closely resembles the busy tendencies of rabbits. D. Tigger, the energetic tiger, whose bouncing and boisterous personality reflects the playful and bouncy nature of real tigers. 240. What era was “Peter Pan” was written? A. Edwardian Period B. Victorian Period C. Medieval Period D. Classical Period 241. The following are children and adolescent literature genres based on format, except. A. Graphic novels B. Verse novels C. Picture books D. Transformational books 242. In the story "The Little Prince," what does the rose symbolizes? A. love, beauty, feminist B. love, beauty, masculinity C. love, shame, guilt D. love, destiny, marriage 243. It was considered the Golden Age of children's literature between the 18th and 19th centuries. A. Renaissance Period B. Victorian Period C. Edwardian Period D. Shakespearean Era Page | 59 244. The 20th century was known for the production of picture storybooks and the personification of toy animals, one of it is? A. The Charlotte's Web B. The Lord of the Rings C. Winnie the Pooh D. The Hobbit 245. Matsuo Basho's "The Old Pond," Kobayashi Issa's "A World of Dew," Natsume Soseki's "Over the Windtry," and Ravi Shankra's "Lines on a Skull" are examples of _______? A. limerick B. haiku C. nursery rhymes D. calligram poems 246. "The Charlotte Web" by E.B. White is a classic adventure featuring a definitive animal fantasy. What era in literature was it published? A. The Victorian Age B. The Edwardian Era C. The 20th Century D. The 18th Century 247. It is considered the oldest Anglo-Saxon epic poem that can be traced back to 975–1025 AD. A. Epic of Gilgamesh B. Beowulf C. Ramayana D. Illiad and Oddysey Page | 60 248. Yearly, the Banned Book Week lists Top-10 Challenged Books based on the number of complaints raised against the literature over the years. The list also indicates the challenge of concern raised against each book of literature. The following is the list for the year 2020, except ____. A. To Kill a Mockingbird B. Of Mice and Men C. George D. The Reddest Eye 249. This strategy teaches the student to decipher explicit and implicit information on the materials that they are reading. A. activating B. monitoring C. clarifying D. inferring 250. A story about a pig named Wilbur and his barn friend spider named Charlotte. When Wilbur was about to be slaughtered by his farmer owner for Christmas, he was saved by his spider friend. A. Peter Pan B. Winnie the Pooh C. Charlotte Web D. The Fox and the Grapes 251. Which literary period of children's literature used heroic Bible stories and adventures to spread Catholic teaching? A. Renaissance B. Medieval C. 20th century D. Victorian Page | 61 252. Which author wrote books that reflected the characteristics of children's literature during the 18th century? A. John Newberry B. Lewis Carroll C. Edward Lear D. J. M. Barrie 253. What time period does the emergence of chapbooks fall under? A. Middle Age B. Renaissance Period C. The 18th and early 19th Century D. Classical World of Greek and Roman 254. Which literary period of children's literature was Roman and Greek literature reintroduced? A. Classical Period B. The 18 Century C. The Edwardian Era D. Renaissance Period 255. Every year, the Philippines proclaims National Children's Book Day on what day? A. Second Tuesday of June B. Second Tuesday of July C. Third Tuesday of June D. Third Tuesday of July Page | 62  CONTEMPORARY, POPULAR AND EMERGENT LITERATURES Apply knowledge and skills of analyzing and evaluating critical issues in contemporary, popular and emergent literature and their relevance in the teaching-learning process. Use various methods of literary analysis. 256. It is defined as literature written after World War II through the present day. A. Popular Literature B. Emergent Literature C. Contemporary Popular Literature D. Contemporary Literature 257. Which contemporary literature is described as enthralling and dazzlingly innovative portrait of a woman haunted by the past? A. The Poisoned Bible B. Beloved C. To Kill a Mocking Bird D. The Kite Runner 258. What analysis method would be best suited to investigating the depiction of gender roles and power relations in Charlotte Bronte's work "Jane Eyre"? A. Psychoanalysis B. Marxism C. Feminism D. Formalism 259. Which Nigerian-American author of "Americanah" and "We Should All Be Feminists" is known for her explorations of race, gender, and identity? A. Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Page | 63  B. Yaa Gyasi C. Zadie Smith D. Roxane Gay 260. Which of the following popular literary works would be best suited to teaching learners about the effects of war on people and societies? A. All Quiet on the Western Front by Erich Maria Remarque B. The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald C. The Lord of the Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien D. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain 261. Julian Barnes, the British author of "The Sense of an Ending" and "Atonement," is known for literary works that include _____. A. explorations of Jewish-American identity and popular culture B. explorations of modern love, relationships, and social class C. explorations of memory, identity, and the subjectivity of truth D. explorations of history, race, and injustice 262. How did World War II affect contemporary literature? A. The violence of World War II caused people to shift their mindsets and question ideas such as human nature and truth. B. World War II created modern literature, which in turn, created contemporary literature. C. World War II caused a massive amount of literature to be written in a short amount of time. D. All of the themes after World War II became similar because of war narratives. 263. It is a narrative work in which the story is conveyed to the reader using sequential art in either an experimental design or in a traditional comics format. A. Adventure Literature. B. Classic Literature C. Mystery fiction Page | 64  D. Graphic novel 264. In which novel do characters explore the complexities of modern relationships and the impact of social and economic backgrounds on their lives? A. "Normal People" by Sally Rooney B. "The Underground Railroad" by Colson Whitehead C. "Interpreter of Maladies" by Jhumpa Lahiri D. "Her Body and Other Parties" Carmen Maria 265. Which collection of short stories delves into the lives of immigrants and their struggles with identity, cultural displacement, and interpersonal connections? A. "Interpreter of Maladies" by Jhumpa Lahiri B. "Her Body & Other Parties" Carmen Machado C. "The Circle" by Dave Eggers D. "The Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao" Junot Díaz 266. Whose collection of essays explores the intricacies of empathy, pain, and our connections to others in an age of technological and emotional detachment? A. Leslie Jamison B. Roxane Gay C. Claudia Rankine D. Rupi Kaur 267. A literary movement that reacted against Romanticism, rejecting heroic, adventurous, unusual, or unfamiliar subjects. A. Puritan Period B. Enlightenment Period C. Realism D. Modernism Page | 65 268. The following are themes that can be found in “The Hunger Games “ by Suzanne Collins EXCEPT _____. A. The inequality between rich and poor B. Suffering as entertainment C. Individualism D. Immortality 269. Which method of literary analysis focuses on the relationship between literature and society, particularly in terms of power and class? A. Formalism B. Marxism C. Psychoanalysis D. New Criticism 270. Which of the following literary works would be most relevant in teaching about the impact of societal expectations on individuals and their mental health? A. The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman B. The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald C. The Lord of the Flies by William Golding D. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain LITERARY CRITICISM Demonstrate knowledge and applications of the basic approaches to problems in critical theory from the classical to modern times as applied to literary works. Draw implications of literary criticism and critical theory in English language and literature teaching. 271. Which historical approach places the text as parallel to the relevant experiences of the author when the text was written? A. Sociological criticism Page | 66  B. Biographical criticism C. Psychological criticism D. New Criticism 272. Which is known as the science of interpretation? A. Hermeneutics B. Textual exegesis C. Literary appreciation D. Literary criticism 273. Which literary movement in the 19th century celebrated imagination, nature, and emotion, with poets like William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge as key figures? A. Romanticism B. Realism C. Classicism D. Naturalism 274. Characteristics of literature during the Renaissance period except _____. A. religious B. humanistic C. superfluous D. individualistic 275. Which of the following is the sole concern of a New Critic? A. the work itself B. the reader’s response C. the author’s life D. the archetypes in the text Page | 67 276. Which of the following approaches shows that there is a dynamic interaction between the text and the reader? A. Gender criticism B. Reader-response criticism C. Psychological criticism D. Biographical criticism 277. What did Renaissance criticism grow directly from? A. The recovery of classic texts B. The invention of the printing press C. The exploration of new lands D. The rise of humanism 278. Who is frequently considered the first significant example of literary criticism? A. Aristotle B. Socrates C. Plato D. Homer 279. The heroes in classical tragedy are bound for physical defeat but moral victory. What usually causes their defeat is an ordinary human failing. Shakespeare’s Hamlet is flawed with indecisiveness and Othello with gullibility. The titular character, Macbeth, is characterized by excessive pride. What literary term would mean excessive pride? A. hamartia B. peripety C. hubris D. soliloquy Page | 68 280. Who responded to Plato's indictment by emphasizing what is normal and helpful about literary art? A. Aristotle B. Socrates C. Thales D. Alexander the Great 281. Who were banished from the hypothetical republic according to Plato? A. Poets B. Philosophers C. Scientists D. Politicians 282. Which of the following is TRUE about formalism? A. It is concerned with the historical events outside of the story, cultural, and religious beliefs. B. It uses quick reading to get the main idea of the text and compare it with other related works. C. It analyzes the work as a whole, the form of each individual part of the text from the individual scenes and chapters, elements, and literary devices. D. It focuses on the literary works as products of economic and ideological determinants of the specific era. 283. According to Carl Jung, certain things can evoke a similar response among people of different races. This similar response is one of those which he calls as ____. A. Archetypes B. Unitypes C. Collective Schema D. Collective Thoughts Page | 69 284. It can also be inferred that the powerlessness that Aunt Jennifer depicted in the poem in the hands of “uncle” is also true to the women during the author’s time. This statement comes from a _____ A. Marxist critic B. Reader's Response critic C. Feminist critic D. Historical-Biographical critic 285. The fact that Young Goodman Brown “changed” from being a faithful and loving husband to a skeptic, gruesome, and lonesome being betrays everything he once stood for. Adopting a formalist standpoint, this shows that he is a _____. A. Dynamic character B. Flat character C. Static character D. Round character 286. Who among the following is associated with the New Criticism? A. Hippolyte Taine B. John Crowe Ransom C. Karl Marx D. Carl Jung 287. For Psychoanalytic critics, dreams are powerful catalysts for great ideas. Among the following, this is illustrated by ______. A. John Milton B. Nathaniel Hawthorne C. Robert Browning D. Edgar Allan Poe Page | 70 288. Formalism and Structuralism are literary theories that both lead to A. a subjective textual interpretation B. a scientific textual interpretation C. an artistic textual interpretation D. an intertextual interpretation INTRODUCTION TO LINGUISTICS  Demonstrate knowledge and application of the structural aspects of language (phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics) across languages and other related fields.  Apply theories, principles and concepts of language, literacies and language use in specific contexts for language and literacy acquisition and learning in multilingual and multicultural societies.  Draw implications of the theories of the theories of linguistics, psycholinguistics, and sociolinguistics to language teaching and learning. 289. A second-language learner of English says estatue for statue and filum for film. In the given scenario, what morphophonemic process adds a vowel at the beginning of the word or between the sounds? A. Assimilation B. Elision C. Epenthesis D. Metathesis 290. She is very very pretty. A. modification B. complementation C. reduplication D. predication Page | 71 291. What is the process called when 'go' becomes 'went?' A. irregular tense B. regular tense C. addition D. suppletion 292. How many years does a learner take to develop BICS? A. 2 to 3 years B. 4 to 5 years C. 6 months to 2 years D. 2 to three months 293. What language nature describes language as primary made of verbal sounds produced by speech apparatus in the human body? A. Language is vocal B. Language is arbitrary C. Language is a system D. Language is socio-cultural 294. Mary thinks that she is the only girl who can sing the song. Obviously, “she” refers to Mary. What concept in referential semantics explains the italicized word? A. Deixis B. Anaphora C. Co-reference D. Prototype 295. Which of the following is a structure of modification in the sentence: She is very lucky woman to have received such a blessing. A. a very lucky woman Page | 72  B. received such C. to have D. she is 296. It is a word or phrase whose meaning depends on their context of use i.e. you, there. A. entailment B. presupposition C. deixis D. pronoun 297. Which group of linguistics who believed that language can be best described in terms of verifiable and observable data such as language behaviour and forms? A. Transformationalists B. Transactionists C. Interactionists D. Structuralists 298. What communicative competence is shown by Alex when in his speech he wanted to use the word 'rummage', but he could not think of it so he used 'thorough search' instead? A. Linguistic B. Discourse C. Strategic D. Sociolinguistic 299. When children start to explore their environment and intend to learn more about the world around them, they usually become very inquisitive and always throw questions. Which language function is described? A. Expressive B. Imaginative C. Personal Page | 73  D. Heuristic 300. What is the smallest unit of linguistic meaning that is not further separable into smaller forms? A. Morphology B. Morpheme C. Allomorph D. Lexeme 301. How would a child learn best in ZPD? A. If the child has mastered all the skills necessary. B. If the parents or teachers do not interfere. C. If the task is more difficult than the child can do alone. D. If the child needs little or no help from a parent or teacher. 302. What is the bound morpheme to change a verb to a noun? A. –ment B. -ion C. –er D. -ly 303. Which of the following is an example of compound word? A. Scorching Sun B. North Star C. Raging Storm D. Vast Ocean 304. How many years does learners take to develop CALP? A. 3 years Page | 74  B. 4 years C. 5 years D. 6 years 305. What word formation do the following set of words undergone: provide, provision, and provisional? A. Inflectional B. Back-formation C. Derivation D. Root creation 306. It refers to a group of two or more words that usually go together, for example, “make sense,” “pay attention, and “give a hand.” A. co-reference B. collocation C. denotation D. connotation 307. It is the subconscious process that results from informal, natural communication between people where language is a means, not a focus nor an end, in itself. A. Language acquisition B. Language learning C. Language appreciation D. Language development 308. What type of linguistic unit is the word "it's in the sentence? A. Clitic B. Infinitive C. Pronoun Page | 75  D. Adjective 309. Which linguist proposed the theory of Universal Grammar, suggesting an innate human capacity for language acquisition? A. Ferdinand de Saussure B. Noam Chomsky C. Steven Pinker D. Benjamin Whorf 310. Which of the following illocutionary acts is present in the given statements: "I now pronounce you husband and wife," "You are fired!", and "I bequeath all my property to my beloved fiancée"? and “I bequeath all my property to my beloved fiancée.” A. Assertive B. Directive C. Commissive D. Declaration 311. Which principle of Grice’s “Cooperative Principle” is flouted in the statement below? Speaker A: 'I'm not sure about this new guy I'm seeing. He never messages me back, and I think he's talking to someone else.' Speaker B: 'Sounds like a real keeper!’ A. Maxim of quantity B. Maxim of quality C. Maxim of relation D. Maxim of manner 312. Language learning is a process of habit formation. The more often something is repeated, the stronger the habit and the greater the learning. A. Grammar Translation B. CLT Page | 76  C. TPR D. Audio-lingual STRUCTURE OF ENGLISH  Manifest knowledge and understanding of the grammatical concepts by being able to describe and analyze the form, meaning and use of various language structures. 313. Which sentence used the word "well" correctly? A. Is she well? B. Your dress looks well. C. I felt well yesterday. D. Kathy and Shyna work well together. 314. A few people strolled by them while they stood on the sidewalk, glancing around, but nobody seemed especially curious. A. Complex sentence B. Compound sentence C. Simple sentence D. Compound-complex sentence 315. Which sentence has a ditransitive verb? A. He looked at the mountain with binoculars. B. We were happily chatting under the tree. C. Mother made dresses for my doll. D. She put a rocking chair on the lawn. Page | 77 316. Which of the following sentences shows an error in subject-verb agreement? A. Measles is contagious. B. The committee works hard even on holidays. C. One hundred pesos are hard to earn in one day. D. My pajamas are still wet. 317. Identify the incorrect example of Past Perfect Tense from the given options: A. I had gone to the gymnasium by the time you arrived. B. I had retired to bed when the guests arrived. C. I had many opportunities to swim in the past. D. I had just stepped into my office when the phone rang. 318. Which of the following is a gradable adjective? A. Unique B. Round C. Perfect D. Cold 319. Which of the following sentences uses the tag question correctly? A. Alice usually brings her lunch from home, doesn't she? B. Nobody has called for me, haven't they? C. You won't tell anyone, would you? D. None of those customers were happy, weren't they? 320. Determine the sentence pattern for the following sentence: The people elected the young candidate for governor. A. S-IV B. S-TV-DO Page | 78  C. S-LV-C D. S-TV-DO-OC 321. Identify the sentence that uses the correct third conditional sentence structure. A. If Immanuel had enough money to buy the car, he would have gone to the party with you. B. If I had known you were coming, I will have prepared dinner. C. If he had taken the train, he would save time. D. If she had been invited, she would come to the party. 322. We watched the softball game on the front porch. Which question elicits the direct object constituent? A. Who watched the softball game? B. What did we do? C. What did we watch? D. Where did we watch the game? 323. Which of the following sentences contains a non-finite verb phrase? A. The board has decided to uphold the appeal. B. In July next year, you will have been studying for eight months. C. I showed her the best way to make a Yorkshire pudding. D. I had been writing fiction since I was in eighth grade, because I loved it. 324. In the noun phrase, “a sound advice from my grandmother who came last weekend,” the head is _____. A. Sound B. Advice C. Grandmother D. Weekend Page | 79 325. Which of the following sentences uses an “adverbial prepositional phrase?” A. The girl with the blue dress is my sister. B. We always go to the beach on the weekends. C. My uncle with the lake house invited us on summer vacation. D. Have you read the Shakespeare play about a Scottish king? 326. In the sentence, “My aunt tenderly mothers her youngest son,” the underlined word is _______. A. A noun B. A verb C. An adjective D. A possessive 327. Which of the following sentences shows an adverb that tells how an action is done? A. When requested to share a self-portrait, she proudly displayed her work. B. I usually shop for groceries on Saturday mornings. C. If he isn't here in an hour, we'll head there to pick him up. D. The water was extremely cold. 328. In the sentence, “The red roses given as a birthday gift by my best friend really smell sweet