COMM 3082 Week 3.pptx (1).pdf

COMM-3082 Communications for Community Studies Week 3 Welcome!  Class Overview Class Check-In & Announcements 1. Complete Academic Integrity Quiz and Contract 2. Complete Learner Preferences Survey Overview o...

COMM-3082 Communications for Community Studies Week 3 Welcome!  Class Overview Class Check-In & Announcements 1. Complete Academic Integrity Quiz and Contract 2. Complete Learner Preferences Survey Overview of the Library Learning Commons APA APA In Class Activity Capitalization Punctuation Information for Next Class Library Learning Commons https://www.fanshawelibrary.com Subject Guides Subject Guides Subject Guides Research Help Live Chat How to Research Guide: Home Peer Tutoring Writing Help Writing Appointments Writing Workshops APA 7th Edition APA 7th Edition  th APA 7 Edition Format Font: Font must be black and can either be a sans serif font or a serif font sans serif fonts such as 11-point Calibri, 11-point Arial, or 10-point Lucida Sans Unicode serif fonts such as 12-point Times New Roman, 11-point Georgia, or normal (10-point) Computer Modern Tip: Use Times New Roman 12 point black font Spelling: Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary is the standard spelling reference for APA journals and books Use Canadian English when spelling (i.e. favourite instead of favorite) Whole document must be double-spaced, including all the lines in the title page & reference list Document margins must be 2.54cm Number all pages consecutively beginning with the title page in Arabic numerals (E.g., 4, not IV) in the upper right-hand corner You need to cite and document any sources that you have used and citations must appear in two places in your essay: 1. in the body of your text (“in-text citations”) 2. in the reference list (at the end of your paper)  th APA 7 Edition Title Page  th APA 7 Edition Title Page 2.54 cm margins Next line is your full name not bolded Font: Times New Roman 12 point black font Next line is your school Title of the document should be the name of the Next line is the course code and course name assignment Next line is your instructors name and title Title of the document is bolded Last line is the assignment due date Major words in the title are capitalized Page number is inserted in the top right corner One double spaced line between the title and your name Content on title page is oriented to the centre  th APA 7 Edition Content Formatting 2.54 cm margins Font: Times New Roman 12 point black font All content is double spaced First line of every paragraph is indented 1 line between paragraphs Content is oriented to the left Headings: Main headings are bolded, centered, and major words are capitalized Secondary headings are bolded, oriented to the left, and only the first word is capitalized Page number is listed in the top right corner of page  th APA 7 Edition Content  th APA 7 Edition Content  th APA 7 Edition for PPT Assignments Capitalization How to Capitalize  When to Use Capitals Capitals are used in the first word of a sentence Example: I went to class today. Major words in a main heading/title are capitalized Example: Navigating the Challenges of Trauma Counselling: How Counsellors Thrive and Sustain Their Engagement Proper nouns are capitalized Proper nouns include: Name of a specific place – Toronto Name of a person – Kristen Name of a company/organization – Fanshawe College Titles of books/songs/movies/other media – Feeling This by Blink-182  Do Not Capitalize… Names of diseases, disorders, therapies, treatments, theories, and concepts However, abbreviations of treatments and disorders are capitalized Examples: Miller and Rollnick created motivational interviewing (MI) Paul was diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) Do Not Capitalize…  Capitalization Application of Learning Activity In Moodle under January 18, 2023 there is a discussion forum titled “Capitalization”. Fix the sentence in the description of the discussion forum so the right words are capitalized. Punctuation How to Use Periods  When to Use Periods A period is used to end a declarative sentence (a statement) or an imperative sentence (a request/command) Example of a declarative sentence: All is fair in love and war. Example of an imperative sentence: Please do not leave until you have said good-bye. A period is also used in abbreviations Examples: Mrs./Mr./Ms. Etc. i.e. e.g. et. al., How to Use Question Marks  When to Use Question Marks A question mark is used at the end of a direct question Example: What time is it?. A question mark can be used to indicate uncertainty within or at the end of a statement Example: You’re dressed for the wedding? How to Use Exclamation Marks  When to Use Exclamation Marks An exclamation mark is used for emphasis Example: That box contains person items. Do not open it! An exclamation point is used to indicate a strong emotion or a surprise Example: What a shock! In informal writing, an exclamation point can be used to indicate a stronger emotion Example: I can hardly wait! Periods, Question Marks, & Exclamation Marks Application of Learning Activity In Moodle under January 18, 2023 there are three discussion forums titled “Periods”, “Question Marks”, and “Exclamation Marks”. Write one sentence per forum demonstrating the use of each punctuation under the specific discussion forum. For example: I love going to class. When can I start my writing assignment? Kristen Lawrynowycz is my favourite instructor!  Information for Next Class Topic: Apostrophe’s & Commas Assigned readings: https://ecampusontario.pressbooks.pub/llscomm/ Professional Communications, A Common Approach to Work-Place Writing Chapter 5.3.1 Commas Chapter 5.3.2 Apostrophes Commas Commas Most punctuation problems are comma-related because of the important role commas play in providing readers with guidance on how a sentence is organized and is to be read to understand the writer’s intended meaning. Commas play a vital role in sentence structure by guiding readers and clarifying meaning. Misplacing or omitting commas can lead to confusion or change the meaning entirely. Comma Rule #1: Use a comma before coordinating conjunctions (such as "and," "but," or "or") when they connect two complete sentences. Example: "I wanted to go for a walk, but it started to rain." Why it’s correct: The comma comes before "but" because it connects two independent clauses. The first clause is "I wanted to go for a walk," and the second is "it started to rain." The comma creates a pause, helping the reader understand that two complete thoughts are being joined. This rule helps make sentences clearer! Comma Rule #2: Use a comma after introductory clauses, phrases, or words that come before the main part of the sentence. Example: "If we follow our project plan’s critical path down to the minute, we will finish on time and on budget." Why it’s correct: The comma separates the introductory subordinate clause ("If we follow our project plan’s critical path down to the minute") from the main clause that follows it ("we will finish on time and on budget"). This pause helps the reader understand that the main idea starts after the comma, giving context to the sentence. This rule ensures clarity by distinguishing between the introductory information and the main point. Comma Rule #3: Use Commas Around Parenthetical Words, Phrases, or Clauses (Use commas to set off extra information that is not essential to the main sentence.) Example: "The second customer, on the other hand, absolutely loved the new color." Why it’s correct: The commas set off the parenthetical phrase "on the other hand," which adds extra information but isn’t essential to the main sentence. This pause helps the reader separate the main idea from the additional comment, making the sentence clearer. Using these commas ensures that the reader understands the main point while also recognizing the extra detail provided. Comma Rule #4: Use Commas Around Higher Levels of Organization in Dates, Places, Addresses, Names, and Numbers Example: "We agreed to continue our meeting on Thursday, January 28, to cover the agenda items we didn’t get to on Monday." Why it’s correct: The commas set off the date "January 28" after the day of the week "Thursday," clarifying which Thursday is meant. This pause helps the reader navigate through more complex information, making it clearer and easier to understand. Using commas in this way helps organize details like dates and locations, ensuring clarity. Comma Rule #5: Use a Comma Between a Signal Phrase and a Quotation Example: The chair of the meeting shouted, “We cannot proceed unless we have order.” Why it’s correct: The comma separates the signal phrase ("The chair of the meeting shouted") from the quotation it introduces. This comma signals a pause for the reader and indicates that what follows is a direct quote. Using a comma in this way helps clarify the relationship between the speaker and their words. Comma Rule #6: Use Commas Between Items in a Series Example: The presenters rehearsed before Week 5, during Reading Week, and again after Week 7. Why it’s correct: Commas are used after each item in the series, including the last two items joined by "and." This helps clearly separate each part of the list, making it easier to read. Using these commas (including the "Oxford comma" before "and") reduces confusion and clarifies the meaning. The Oxford comma, also known as the serial comma, is the final comma used in a list of three or more items, placed before the coordinating conjunction (like "and" or "or"). Example without Oxford comma: "We visited Paris, London and Rome." Example with Oxford comma: "We visited Paris, London, and Rome." Why it matters: Using the Oxford comma can help clarify meaning and avoid ambiguity. For instance, the sentence "I love my parents, Beyoncé and Jay-Z" implies that Beyoncé and Jay-Z are the speaker's parents. Adding the Oxford comma makes it clear: "I love my parents, Beyoncé, and Jay-Z." Some people always use it, while others don’t, so it's good to know about it! Comma Rule #7: Use Commas Between Two or More Coordinate Adjectives (Coordinate adjectives are two or more adjectives that equally describe the same noun.) Example: The new hires turned out to be dedicated, ambitious employees. Why it’s correct: Both adjectives, “dedicated” and “ambitious,” describe the noun “employees” equally, and you can say “dedicated and ambitious employees” instead. The commas help separate adjectives that equally modify the noun, clarifying that they are both important descriptors. This distinction helps identify which adjectives are essential to the meaning and which are additional qualities. Apostrophes Apostrophes Apostrophes are mainly used to indicate possession and contraction but are probably the most misplaced punctuation after commas. Apostrophe Rule #1 Put an apostrophe before the s ending a singular possessive noun. In the case of joint ownership in compound nouns (when two or more nouns have joint possession of the noun following), the apostrophe-s goes only at the end of the second or final noun. Reznor and Ross’s first soundtrack won a 2010 Oscar for Best Original Score. Why it’s correct: The apostrophe and s are added to the end of the final noun in cases of joint possession. Saying “Reznor’s and Ross’s first soundtrack” would refer to solo soundtracks by each. Apostrophe Rule #2 Put an apostrophe after the s at the end of a plural noun (a noun of two or more people, places, or things) when the noun or noun phrase following belongs to it. The two companies’ merger was finalized last month. Why it’s correct: The apostrophe goes at the end of the plural noun “companies” to indicate that the noun following (“merger”) belonged to both. The apostrophe after the s tells the reader to read the noun as being a plural in possession of the noun or noun phrase following, as opposed to the apostrophe before the s signaling a singular possessive. Apostrophe Rule #3 Put an apostrophe wherever letters and characters (including spaces) have been omitted in contractions. There’s going to be a huge reckoning when markets adjust, and it won’t be pretty. Why it’s correct: The first apostrophes replace the omitted i in “There is” and the second for the o in “will not”). The apostrophe replaces omitted letters in contractions and thus signals informal writing meant to represent the way we speak words informally, though they would be unacceptable in formal writing. Apostrophe Rule #4 Put an apostrophe wherever adding an s to make a simple plural would be confusing, such as pluralizing a single letter. I’m aiming for straight A’s this semester. Why it’s correct: The apostrophe helps form the plural of the uppercase letters when it would otherwise look ambiguous as “As.” The apostrophe helps the reader see these as plural forms of letters rather than as misspellings or typos.  Electronic Written Communication An essential employability skill is to be able to write and speak so others can pay attention and understand How do you/can you demonstrate this skill in the workplace?  Considerations for Electronic Written Communication Spelling & grammar Informal/formal tone of your writing Recipient – who will be receiving this email? Be aware of sentence structure Be concise and to the point Use short paragraphs and skip 1 line between paragraphs Do not overshare person/private information Emailing Emails  Emails To: primary recipient(s) of the email who are expected to respond to the email CC: not the primary recipient, included as a courtesy or for their information, not expected to respond BCC: to protect confidentiality and privacy of email recipients or when the person is not required to participate in the email thread Subject: should describe the content of your email -should be short and concise -relevant to your email Emails  Emails Reply: Allows you to reply to only the sender Reply All: Allows you to respond to the original sender and all other recipients on the To and CC lines Forward: Sends the message to another person or group and will include any attachments and content from the original email  Emails What are some What are some appropriate email inappropriate email greetings? greetings?  Advantages of Using Email Delivers messages instantly anywhere int he world to anyone with an internet connection and email address Sends to one or many people at once including secondary audiences CC’d or BCC’d Allows you to attach documents up to several megabytes in size or links to any internet webpages Allows for a back-and-forth thread on the topic in the subject line Archives written correspondence for review even decades later Can be done on any mobile device with an internet connection Is free (beyond your subscription fees to an internet or phone provider) Is somewhat permanent in that emails exist somewhere on a server even if deleted by both sender and receiver  Disadvantages of Using Email Gives the illusion of privacy: your messages can be forwarded to anyone, monitored by your company or an outside security agency, retrieved with a warrant, or hacked even if both you and receiver delete them Can be slow when used for back-and-forth dialogue Tone may be misread (e.g., jokes misunderstood) due to the absence of nonverbal cues May be sent automatically to the recipient’s spam folder or otherwise overlooked or deleted without being read given the volume of emails some people get in a day Requires a working internet connection on a computing device, which isn’t available everywhere in the world Regretted emails can’t be taken back or edited Subject to limits on document attachment size Subject to spam (unsolicited emails)  Appropriate Use of Email Quickly deliver a message that doesn’t need an immediate response Send a message and receive a response in writing as evidence for future review (lay down a paper trail) Use when confidentiality isn’t necessary Send electronic documents as attachments Send the same message to several people at once, including perhaps people whose email address you need to hide from the others (using BCC) to respect their confidentiality  Email Learning Activity In groups rewrite this poorly written email to be more professional hey, think you made a mistake marking my last assinement i did what is supposed to do if its cuz i didnt get it in by the 5th its cuz i had a bad breakup it was so bad i had to see a councilor thats why i havnt bin around hope you understand. should of said that earlier maybe. oh and whens the next thing due. let me know as soon as u get this ok thanks bye  Email Learning Activity Here is an example of this email written in a more professional way: Hi ____, I am reaching out to inquire about the mark I got on my last assignment, I thought I met the requirements, but I know I submitted it late. My late submission was due to a personal matter, I hope you can understand. I realize that I should have contacted you at an earlier time, so I would like to apologize for not reaching out sooner. I was also wondering where I could find the due date for the next assignment to ensure that I do not submit the next assignment late. Thank you, __________________  Thank you & Questions