Communication Quiz 1 Study Guide PDF

Week 2 ​ Communication is.. ○​ Symbolic ○​ Influenced by culture ○​ Transactional ○​ Built off shared codes ○​ Altered by channels ○​ Informed by intentions ​ Verbal Communication ○​ symbolic - words are signs representing persons, ideas, o...

Week 2 ​ Communication is.. ○​ Symbolic ○​ Influenced by culture ○​ Transactional ○​ Built off shared codes ○​ Altered by channels ○​ Informed by intentions ​ Verbal Communication ○​ symbolic - words are signs representing persons, ideas, or things ○​ Grammar - the system of rules for creating words, phrases, and sentences in a particular language ○​ Polysemy - words are denotative (basic meaning) and connotative (underlying meaning) ○​ Context - you speak differently depending on the situation ○​ Power - people perceive your words as more credible depending on how you express your words ​ Nonverbal Communication ○​ Chronemics - how people communicate using time ○​ Proxemics - how we use space to communicate ○​ paralanguage/ Vocalities - vocal changes, like pitch & intonation ○​ Haptic - communication via touch ○​ Oculesics - communication via eye contact ○​ Kinesics - communication conveyed via body movement ​ Adaptor: psychological needs ​ Biting nails, behaviors that relieve us & help adapt how we feel ​ Emblems: symbol that means something else ​ Thumbs up/ flip off ​ Regulators: gestures that aid in the flow of conversation ​ “Continue” hand motion, raise hand to signal you wanna talk, finger up to signal “I’m talking” ​ Illustrators: gestures to accompany speech, lexical retrieval strategy ​ Affect Displays: influence attitude change ​ Clenched fist communicating anger Week 3 ​ Schema ○​ Mental structures that organize the reception, interpretation, and use of information ​ Priming ○​ Increasing the sensitivity to a particular node in a schema ​ Perception ○​ Influenced by the schemas one hands & how primed the schema is for the reception of information ​ Schema and Perception  ○​ Mindlessness ​ We passively receive information ​ Risks: implicit bias, bandwagon fallacy ○​ Selective perception ​ Schemas that orient your attention to certain pieces of information ​ Risks: Confirmation bias, hasty generalizations, false dichotomy ○​ Distorted perception ​ Schemas that impact interpretation of information ​ Risks: means world syndrome, stereotyping, Dunning-Kruger effect ​ Self-Concept – who do you think you are? ​ Self-Esteem – how do you feel about yourself? ​ Self-Efficacy – what you think you can do? ​ Social Comparison Theory ○​ We evaluate ourselves through our perceptions of others, often to our own detriment ​ Social Media & Identity Curation ○​ Avatars can be reflections of reality (a photo of you) but can lead to a hyper-curation of the self ​ Culture: system of beliefs, values, and practices ​ Intercultural Communication ○​ High vs Low Context ​ High Context: contextual cues are valued ​ Low Context: verbal directness is valued ○​ Collectivist vs Individualistic ​ Collectivist: Group identity is prioritized ​ Individualistic: Personal identity is prioritized ○​ Power Distance ​ High-Power: hierarchies are more important for day-to-day life ​ Low-Power: hierarchies are less important for day-to-day life ​ Ethnocentrism ○​ The belief that your culture is superior to others ​ Discrimination ○​ Biased behavior toward someone based on their group membership ​ Exoticization ○​ The romanticization of another culture