Construction Methods and Project Management PDF

Construction Methods and Project Management (Meet 1) INTRODUCTION 3. Heavy Civil: This type of construction greatly impacts society since it deals - Tr...

Construction Methods and Project Management (Meet 1) INTRODUCTION 3. Heavy Civil: This type of construction greatly impacts society since it deals - Tracer Study, the nature of with transportation. Examples: roads, work of CE Alumni 2014-2018 bridge, railroad, dams, tunnels, and airports. 4. Industrial: Industrial is connected with buildings that are used for different types of production. Examples: chemical plants, steel mills, oil refineries, manufacturing plants, and pipelines. 5. Environmental: Environmental used to be part of heavy civil, but it now has its own section since it deals with projects Water Resource - 5.0% that improve the environment. Geotech Engg - 1.8% Examples: sanitary sewers, waste Envi Engg - 0.7% management, and clean water. Transpo Engg - 3.2% Structural - 18.6% PROJECT Construction - 70.6% A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique CONSTRUCTION product or service. ➔ Construction is the activity of putting Temporary means that every project together different elements, using has a definite beginning and a detailed design and with a clear plan on definite end. The end is reached how to do it. when the project's objectives have been achieved or when the project is ➔ Construction comes from the word terminated. 'construct,' which means 'to build.' In engineering terms, construction is usually Temporary does not necessarily associated with large structures like mean short in duration as some houses, railways, and power plants. projects last for several years. However, theduration of a project is CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY finite since projects are not on-going efforts. ➔ The construction industry involves many people with diverse interests, talents and Projects are unique which means backgrounds whose interrelated roles that the product or service is must be coordinated to assure a different in some distinguishing way successful project. from all similar products or services. Each individual facility is unique with ➔ The owner, the design professional different owner, different design, and the contractor comprise the primary different location, different triad of parties contractors, varying weather and so on. ➔ Other vital elements: subcontractors. material suppliers, bankers, insurance The presence of repetitive elements and bonding companies, attorneys and does not change the fundamental public agency officials. uniqueness of the overall effort. TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION PROJECT METHOD Construction Project Management is 1. Residential: Residential housing is for the application of knowledge, skills, society including individual homes, tools and techniques to project apartments, condominiums, and activities in order to meet or exceed townhouses. stakeholder's needs and expectations from a project. 2. Commercial: This refers to construction dealing with the needs of It is an organization's approach to commerce, trade, and government. on-going operations. It involves Examples: school, banks, hospitals, balancing competing demands theaters, and government buildings. among scope, time, cost, quality, identified and unidentified requirements of the stakeholder Flores, Dominique Michaela T.  Construction Methods and Project Management (Meet 1) Construction Project management Engineering and Technology" knowledge areas include project November 2015 integration which ensures that the various elements of the project are properly coordinated. Tuesday is studied as the most productive day of the week 10 a.m. is studied as the most productive Construction management is the time of the day overall planning, coordination, A laborer is capable of lifting approximately and control of a project from 94 pounds on his own. beginning to completion. It is aimed If a worker is performing the same task at meeting a client's requirement in repeatedly, there is a chance of low order to produce a functionally and productivity after 60-70 minutes. financially viable project. Friday is proven to be the least productive day of the week. PROJECT MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS Parkinson’s Law Principle 1. Project scope management ensures Work expands so as to fill the time that the project includes only the work available for its completion. required to complete the project successfully. Example: If construction workers see the available materials in the construction site 2. Project time management describes they will pace their work to the availability of the timely completion of the project with the materials. If the materials are too few then they will work slower so that they will activity sequencing, duration not have hours of inactivity. If the materials estimating, schedule development and are abundant then they will have no reason schedule control. to slow down. 3. Project cost management describes Pareto Principle the process so that the project is completed within the approved budget Pareto analysis states that 80% of a project's benefit or results are achieved from 4. Project quality management will 20% of the work, or conversely, 80% of problems are traced to 20% of the causes. make sure that the project will satisfy the needs on which it was undertaken. Improvement can be made by ranking the various causes of a problem and allocating 5. Project human resource resources to tackling those that have the management includes the processes largest impact. Focus on solving 20% of the to make the most effective use of the causes and you would solve 80% of the problem people involved with staff acquisition and team development. CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY SITUATION According to the Construction 6. Project risk management is Manpower Development Foundation concerned with risk identification, risk of the Department of Trade and response development and risk control. Industry, productivity improvement remains a crucial need in the Philippine construction Industry 7. Project Procurement management today as it faces formidable are the ways to acquire goods and challenges of global services from outside the performing competitiveness. organization. This need is heightened by the rising Relevant Theories and Literature demand and accelerated pace of technological change in the world construction market. "International Research Journal of Flores, Dominique Michaela T.  Construction Methods and Project Management (Meet 1) Inefficiencies are a problem in be successful financially, productivity of construction and one of the biggest labor must be maximized to minimize the contributors to project overruns. labor cost, thus, reducing the total project Technology cannot eliminate cost. inefficiencies entirely. Construction can improve productivity by giving users the resources to identify inefficiencies in the planning stage for more effective construction planning. Work planners can incorporate any identified labor inefficiencies into the budget and provide the tools to manage their impacts on productivity To be competitive, one must be highly productive, to be able to produce more and better quality services with the same or even less amount of resources available to other competitors. Therefore, one way of gaining a competitive advantage in the construction market is productivity improvement through efficient and effective use of materials, money and manpower. In the Philippine setting, there is very limited published documented information about the contractor's manpower productivity or updated productivity rates. Work Standards, are not readily available because of two main reasons: First, work standards are not easy to develop since it requires time and resources to be able to collect data from on-site working conditions. Second, construction firms consider work standards as a trade secret which is not shared outside of the company. There is a need to have an updated standard rate of labor productivity in developing countries like the Philippines where most of the construction work is still on manual basis and a large segment in the whole construction process requires human skills. The absence of the latest labor productivity measurements leads to non-productive time in the construction process. Despite good construction planning and implementation of the original scope of work, the Impact of actual labor productivity directly affects the construction cost overrun. Hence, for a construction project to Flores, Dominique Michaela T.