Commercial Driver’s Guide PDF 2023 Alberta

Commercial Driver’s Guide trucks, buses, emergency responders, and taxis CITY C NTRE E STOP L BUS SCHOO...

Commercial Driver’s Guide trucks, buses, emergency responders, and taxis CITY C NTRE E STOP L BUS SCHOO TAXI Commercial Driver’s Guide Spring 2023 For more information about this publication, contact: Driver Programs Branch, Transportation and Economic Corridors First Floor, Twin Atria Building 4999 98 Avenue Northwest Edmonton, Alberta T6B 2X3 Email: [email protected] ©2023 Government of Alberta This document is made available under the Open Government Licence – Alberta (https://open.alberta.ca/licence). This document is available at: https://www.alberta.ca/driver-guides-overview-and-pdf- versions.aspx Commercial Driver’s Guide trucks, buses, emergency responders, and taxis Introduction: Being a professional driver involves more than just driving a different type of vehicle. As a professional driver you must always make sure you are mentally and physically fit to drive, your vehicle is well maintained and is in good working condition, and you drive within the law including driving without distractions. Always drive defensively. Be patient and tolerant of other drivers. Protect yourself, the vehicle, the passengers, and the cargo. The more you can anticipate and avoid dangerous situations, the less likely you will be in a collision. Being involved in a collision may result in loss of income, job, health, and possibly a life. Remember that road safety is everyone’s business. This guide is available online. www.alberta.ca/driver-guides.aspx 2 Commercial Driver’s Guide Guides available: The following guides provide information Rider’s Guide about the safe operation of cars and Motorcycles, Mopeds, and Power- light trucks, commercial vehicles, Assisted Bicycles and motorcycles, and the licensing of drivers and riders. These guides provide This guide provides information on the information for all classes of driver licences safe operation of motorcycles, mopeds, in Alberta, and will help you obtain an and power-assisted bicycles. It is used Alberta operator’s licence. Consider keeping with the Driver’s Guide. the guides in your vehicle as a reference. Driver’s Guide Cars and Light Trucks This guide provides information for all drivers. Commercial Driver’s Guide Trucks, Buses, Emergency Responders, and Taxis This guide provides information about driving commercial vehicles. It is used with the Driver’s Guide. Both of these guides should be used when preparing for the knowledge test and when learning to operate trucks, emergency response vehicles, taxis, and buses, as well as when handling dangerous goods. Introduction 3 This guide, along with the Driver’s Guide The laws that apply to driving a vehicle will give you the necessary information can be found in the Traffic Safety Act for learning to drive a truck, tractor- and its related regulations available at trailer, ambulance, taxi, or bus. These kings-printer.alberta.ca, and: two guides provide information that will King’s Printer Bookstore help you obtain a commercial Alberta Suite 700, Park Plaza driver’s licence. It is recommended that 10611–98 Avenue you obtain training and education from a Edmonton, Alberta T5K 2P7 licensed driving school to enhance your knowledge and skill. Individuals seeking Tel: 780–427–4952 to obtain a Class 1 or a Class 2 driver’s Fax: 780–452–0668 licence are required to complete the For toll free service anywhere in Alberta, Mandatory Entry-Level Training (MELT) call 310-0000, then the number. program. Knowledge tests are conducted out of Driver education courses are available registry agent offices. Road tests will be for the operation of passenger vehicles, conducted by Government of Alberta commercial vehicles, and motorcycles. driver examiners. Road tests can be If you require information about schools scheduled in-person at the registry agent that provide driver education, or office or online through the Government information about the testing process of Alberta online scheduling system. to obtain an driver’s licence: To find testing services, and visit www.alberta.ca/driving-vehicles.aspx information about driver licensing and vehicle registration: This guide has no legal authority. Municipalities are given authority under visit www.alberta.ca/lookup/find-a- the Traffic Safety Act to pass bylaws registry-agent.aspx in areas such as speed zones, school visit www.alberta.ca/drivers-road-test.aspx zones, playground zones, and parking. You must know local municipal by-laws. visit the Association of Alberta Registries at www.e-registry.ca call 780–427–7013 (Service Alberta) 4 Commercial Driver’s Guide Contents 1. Commercial Driver’s 4. Operating Class 1 Vehicles Licence Requirements 40 Operating a truck-tractor and 8 Definitions semi-trailer 10 Commercial driver’s licences 40 Air brakes 11 Upgrading your licence 41 How long does it take to stop a vehicle? 11 Mandatory Entry-Level Training (MELT) 43 Coupling and uncoupling a truck-tractor and semi-trailer 12 Knowledge test 45 Coupling mechanisms 12 Vision requirements 46 Operating long 12 Road test combination vehicles 14 Learning requirements 47 Driving skills and manoeuvres 15 Air brake equipped farm vehicles 48 Off-tracking 15 Licences: renewal and changes 48 Turns 2. National Safety Code 49 Curves 20 Provincial (Alberta) legislation 50 Parking 21 Federal legislation 50 Reversing 22 Vehicle Inspection Program (VIP) 52 Important information for commercial drivers 23 Cargo securement 5. Operating Class 2 Vehicles 3. Trip Inspections 55 Information for bus operators 26 Purpose of daily vehicle inspections 55 Operating a school bus safely 26 Vehicles that require inspections 6. Operating Class 3 Vehicles 27 Driver inspection required 63 Loading and unloading 28 Trip inspections dump vehicles 35 Trip air brake inspection 65 Mixer truck operators 36 Enroute check stop inspections 65 Parking on a hill 36 Reporting to a vehicle inspection station 37 Post-trip inspection Introduction 5 7. Operating Class 4 Vehicles 10. Responsible Driving Tips 67 Emergency vehicles for Commercial Drivers 68 Operating a taxi 87 Distracted driving law for commercial drivers 69 Seat belts 88 Fatigue 69 Reserved lanes 89 Railway crossing 69 Other uses for a Class 4 licence 91 Fire and fire extinguishers 8. Transporting People 11. Fueling and Fuel 73 Passenger management Efficiency 74 Passenger safety 95 Fueling a vehicle 76 Transporting vulnerable people 95 Fuel efficiency 78 Transporting people with language barriers 78 Transporting children 9. Transporting Dangerous Goods 81 Training requirements 81 What is a dangerous good? 83 Dangerous occurrences 83 Documents 83 Safety marks 6 Commercial Driver’s Guide 1 Commercial Driver’s Licence Requirements Definitions Note: No drivers (other than a learner) may operate a vehicle equipped with Air brakes (air to all foundation air brakes, (air to all foundation brakes), brakes) unless they hold either a Class 1 A vehicle with an air brake system has driver’s licence or a driver’s licence with brakes that are initiated by air pressure a “Q” (air brake) endorsement. from an engine-driven compressor. This sends air pressure through a series of Ambulance hoses, reservoirs, and control valves to An ambulance is an emergency vehicle all the vehicle’s foundation brakes. An air that is designed to transport injured brake “Q” endorsement or Class 1 licence persons, and is equipped with rescue or is required to drive a vehicle with an air first aid equipment. brake system. Axle Air over hydraulic braking An axle is a shaft on which two or more system (combination of air and wheels revolve. hydraulic foundation brakes) Bus In an air over hydraulic braking system Section 130(1) (a) of the Traffic Safety Act; the vehicle’s axles have air actuated foundation brakes, and some of the “bus” means a commercial vehicle vehicle’s axles have hydraulic foundation (i) that is designed for carrying 11 or more brakes. An air brake “Q” endorsement or persons, including the person driving the Class 1 licence is required to drive this vehicle, and type of vehicle. (ii) that is used or intended to be used Air actuated hydraulic braking for the transportation of persons, and system (air assisted, but includes any other commercial vehicle designated as a bus by regulation; all foundation brakes are hydraulic) “Q” Endorsement In an air actuated hydraulic braking A “Q” endorsement is placed on any system the air compressor is used to class of driver’s licence, when a driver boost the hydraulic system to all the successfully completes an approved vehicle’s foundation brakes. An air brake Alberta air brake course through an “Q” endorsement is NOT required to drive authorized organization. this type of vehicle. For information on taking an approved air brake course, please contact a Driver Programs Administrator at: Edmonton 780–427–8901 or Calgary 403–297–6679 For toll free service from anywhere in Alberta, call 310-0000. 8 Commercial Driver’s Guide “S” Endorsement Semi-trailer Drivers can apply for the school bus Means a trailer that: driver endorsement condition code “S” to (i) has axles only at or near its rear end; be placed on their driver’s licence when they successfully complete the School (ii) while being towed, is supported at Bus Driver Improvement Program. its front end by the truck tractor or the immediately preceding trailer; and Note: Effective September 1, 2022 (iii) when connected to the truck tractor or a driver may operate a school bus preceding trailer, is connected by means without an S-endorsement, provided of a kingpin and a fifth wheel. there are no more than two passengers and the passengers are not students Trailer (students as defined under the Means a vehicle without motive power Education Act) or minors. The driver that is designed to be towed by must have the correct class of driver’s another vehicle. licence for the type and size of vehicle that is being operated. Truck Means a motor vehicle designed and intended for the transport of goods or School bus carrying of loads. Section 20.5 (c) of the Operator Licensing and Vehicle Control Regulation; Truck tractor (c) “school bus” means a commercial Means a truck that may be coupled to vehicle that a semi-trailer by means of a fifth wheel, but does not include a bed truck, picker (i) meets the requirements of a Type A1, truck, or winch truck. A2, B, C or D school bus described in CSA-D250-16, or a version of CSA-D250 applicable at the time of manufacture and that is used primarily to transport passengers and includes (A) a school bus as defined in the Commercial Vehicle Safety Regulation (AR121/2009) (B) a multifunction school activity bus as described in CSA-D250-16, and (C) a commercial vehicle that is registered as a kindergarten bus, or (ii) is an originally foreign bus, but does not include a transit bus as defined in Vehicle Inspection Regulation (AR 211/2006) Chapter 1 Commercial Driver’s Licence Requirements 9 Commercial driver’s a single motor vehicle with three or more axles towing a trailer with one licences or more axles, if the trailer is not equipped with air brakes Class 1 all motor vehicles under The minimum learning or licensing age is Classes 1, 2, and 6 for learning only. 18 years. You may not apply for a Class 1 driver’s licence as a probationary driver. No holder of a Class 3 driver’s licence shall operate a motor vehicle: The holder of a Class 1 driver’s licence may operate the following: that has a seating capacity of more than 15, while that vehicle is any motor vehicle or combination of transporting any person other than vehicles other than a motorcycle the driver Class 6 type vehicles for learning only. to transport passengers for hire. Class 2 Note: Drivers of single-motor vehicles The minimum learning or licensing age is registered as farm vehicles do not 18 years. You may not apply for a Class 2 require an air brake “Q” endorsement. driver’s licence as a probationary driver. The holder of a Class 2 driver’s licence Class 4 may operate the following: The minimum learning or licensing age is a bus 18 years. You may not apply for a Class 4 driver’s licence as a probationary driver. any motor vehicle or combination of vehicles that the holder of a Class 3, 4, The holder of a Class 4 driver’s licence or 5 driver’s licence may operate may operate the following: Class 1 and 6 type vehicles for any motor vehicle or combination of learning only. vehicles that the holder of a Class 5 driver’s licence may operate Class 3 a bus that has a seating capacity of The minimum learning or licensing age is not more than 24, excluding 18 years. You may not apply for a Class 3 the operator driver’s licence as a probationary driver. an ambulance or taxi The holder of a Class 3 driver’s licence all motor vehicles under Classes may operate the following: 1, 2, 3, and 6 for learning only. any motor vehicle or combination of vehicles that the holder of a Class 5 driver’s licence may operate a single motor vehicle with three or more axles 10 Commercial Driver’s Guide Upgrading your A fee is charged for each knowledge test, road test, and operator’s licence licence re-classification. For information The following information is for upgrading regarding current fees, contact any a driver’s licence to the commercial Registry Agent office. driver’s licence classes. A 10-day waiting period is required for all non-GDL Class 5, 5-6, and 6 General information for Classes new applicants from other Canadian 1, 2, 3, and 4 jurisdictions who want to re-class to The minimum learning or licensing age licence Classes 1 to 4. This waiting for these classes is 18 years. To learn period is required for Alberta to confirm to drive a commercial class vehicle, the applicant’s licence information. you must have at least a Class 5 or a Driving with the wrong licence class is Class 5 GDL driver’s licence. You may against the law. It is also an offence for not apply for these driver’s licences if a vehicle’s owner to allow the vehicle you are in the GDL program. to be driven by someone who does You do not need an air brake not have the proper class of licence to endorsement when learning to operate a drive that vehicle. vehicle that is equipped with air brakes. A medical report is required to upgrade Mandatory Entry- to a Class 1, 2, or 4 licence. · Medical forms are available from a Level Training (MELT) registry agent, a doctor, or a nurse Effective March 1, 2019, anyone who practitioner. A doctor or a nurse wants to obtain a Class 1 or a Class 2 practitioner must complete this form. driver’s licence must take a Mandatory Entry-Level Training (MELT) Program. · A medical report is required when Drivers are eligible to attempt the Class 1 first applying for a licence and: or Class 2 driver’s knowledge test upon - every five years after that, until successfully completing the classroom 45 years of age portion of a MELT program. - every two years from age 45 to 65 - every year after you turn age 65. · You are legally responsible to report any disease or disability that may interfere with the safe operation of a motor vehicle to any Alberta Registry Agent office. · Alberta Registries can request a medical report from any driver, in any licence class, if they have concerns about a driver’s medical condition. Chapter 1 Commercial Driver’s Licence Requirements 11 Knowledge test Road test To upgrade a driver’s licence, you will Applicants must hold a full Class 5 need to pass a knowledge test for (non-GDL) driver’s licence to take a the class of licence for which you are commercial road test. applying. You can take your knowledge If you are applying for a commercial test at most Alberta Registry Agent licence in the Class 1, 2, or 3 categories, offices. The test is comprised of you will be required to conduct a pre-trip questions based on the entirety of the inspection in addition to the road test. Commercial Driver’s Guide regardless You must communicate and demonstrate of chapter title, as well as the Driver’s to the driver examiner: Guide (Cars and Light Trucks). Most of the Class 1 and Class 2 knowledge test a pre-trip inspection of the vehicle questions have been taken from the the appropriate uncouple/couple MELT curriculums. procedures for Class 1 vehicles You will be asked about safe driving an inspection of the vehicle’s air brake practices, driving laws, and road signs. system for units equipped with Since Class 1 drivers may operate other air brakes. types of vehicles, applicants for a Class 1 licence may be asked questions from the As part of communicating and other chapters in this guide. demonstrating, you should point to the things you are inspecting and tell the The test is 30 multiple choice questions examiner what you are looking at. For and you must score a minimum of 25 example, you could say, “I am checking correct responses out of 30 to pass. the left signal light to see that it is When six questions are answered working, is securely mounted, and that incorrectly, the test will be stopped and a the lens is clean and not cracked.” fail will be recorded. This guide includes pre-trip inspections for the various types of vehicles. Vision requirements Study and practice the pre-trip that is A vision assessment is required before appropriate for the class of licence you upgrading your Alberta driver’s licence. are working towards. The procedures If you do not meet the minimum vision in this book are only guidelines to follow standards, you will be referred to an during a road test. A vehicle may require optometrist or an ophthalmologist to have different items to be checked than those a Vision Referral form completed. If you listed. You may not refer to any notes have corrective glasses or contact lenses, during the pre-trip. bring them to the vision assessment. Each pre-trip inspection and road test is allowed a certain amount of time. You should be able to complete the inspection and road test within that time. 12 Commercial Driver’s Guide If a vehicle does not pass the pre-trip Note: Starting February 1, 2023, inspection, or you do not successfully a driver can complete the Class 1 complete the pre-trip inspection, the road road test in vehicle with an automatic test will not proceed. transmission, rather than a manual The examiner must see your road transmission. A driver who uses test permit or road test confirmation this option will, if successful, have a document. Permits can be purchased condition code placed on their Class from most Registry Agents. Road tests 1 driver’s licence that restricts the can be scheduled online through the driver to operating commercial vehicles Government of Alberta online scheduling with an automatic transmission. The system or at Registry condition code can be later removed Agent offices. if the driver successfully passes a second condensed Class 1 road test Note: A road test will not be done in in a commercial truck with a manual a vehicle that is required to display transmission. dangerous goods placards. Class 2 Road Test Class 1 Road Test An applicant must provide a bus An applicant must provide a tractor- with a seating capacity exceeding trailer with the following configuration: 24 passengers, excluding the driver. · tractor-trailer with gross vehicle If the vehicle is equipped with air weight of at least 11,794 kg brakes, the applicant must have either an air brake “Q” endorsement or a · full-air brake system on both tractor course completion certificate from an and trailer approved air brake organization. · minimum tandem axle tractor and a tandem axle trailer Class 3 Road Test An applicant must provide a single · fifth wheel coupling device motor vehicle that has three or · single trailer with a minimum length more axles. Three axle recreational of 45 feet and a minimum distance vehicles may not be used. If the of 35 feet measured from the vehicle provided for the road test is kingpin to the centre of each equipped with air brakes, the applicant rear axle must have either an air brake “Q” A Class 1 licence may not be obtained endorsement or a course completion without the driver first having qualified certificate from an approved air for an air brake endorsement. brake organization. Note: Drivers of single motor vehicles registered as farm vehicles do not require an air brake “Q” endorsement Chapter 1 Commercial Driver’s Licence Requirements 13 Class 4 Road Test Starting February 1, 2023 a road test is not required to obtain a Class 4 driver’s licence. However, a Class 4 driver is required to meet vision requirements and provide a driver medical report. Learning requirements Classes 1, 2, 3, and 4 Desired Class Minimum Minimum Complete Accompanied Minimum Supervisor Minimum licence you must licensing learning MELT by supervisor age of licence age to class have for age age supervisor class take road learning test 2, 3, 4, 18 1 5, or 18 18 Yes Yes 18 1 non-GDL* 5-GDL* 3, 4, 5, or 18 2 18 18 Yes Yes 18 1 or 2 5-GDL* non-GDL* 4, 5, or 18 3 18 18 No Yes 18 1, 2, or 3 5-GDL* non-GDL* 3, 5, or Not 4 18 18 No Yes 18 1, 2, or 4 5-GDL* applicable * GDL – Graduated Driver Licence (Probationary) 14 Commercial Driver’s Guide Air brake equipped farm vehicles In Alberta, you are not required to hold an air brake endorsement if operating a single motor vehicle registered as a farm vehicle. However, you do need an air brake endorsement if driving a farm vehicle combination that requires the driver to hold a Class 1 driver’s licence. When applying for a Class 1 driver’s licence, you will need to show proof of your air brake qualifications, even if the vehicle you will be driving is registered as a farm vehicle. Licences: renewal and changes The Government of Alberta has stopped mailing out reminders about driver’s licences and vehicle registration. Albertans can sign up for electronic reminders by visiting E-registry or MyAlberta and signing up for free reminders. It is your responsibility to renew your driver’s licence on or before the expiry date. To change a name or address on your driver’s licence, visit any Registry Agent. By law, a person is required to notify Alberta Registries, through a Registry Agent, of any name or address change immediately. Proper identification is required before any change, replacement, or renewal can be made. Chapter 1 Commercial Driver’s Licence Requirements 15 NOTES 16 Commercial Driver’s Guide 2 National Safety Code On April 1, 1989 each province and territory Each Canadian jurisdiction regulates in Canada agreed to a set of performance carriers that register an NSC vehicle and safety standards for commercial motor within their jurisdiction. An Alberta Safety carriers and the National Safety Code Fitness Certificate can be valid in all other (NSC) came into effect. Alberta, like the Canadian jurisdictions but only for those other jurisdictions, has passed legislation to vehicles registered with Alberta plates put these standards into effect. and only if the carrier has declared that they are a “federal” company. If an Alberta A person or company operating a carrier also has a commercial vehicle, commercial truck or bus is commonly regulated by the NSC requirements of referred to as a “motor carrier”, or another jurisdiction, then they will need “carrier” for short. There is both provincial a second Safety Fitness Certificate from and federal NSC legislation that may that jurisdiction. require a carrier to obtain a Safety Fitness Certificate. Only one piece of legislation Each jurisdiction monitors its own NSC will apply to a carrier at any given time. carriers and intervenes with those that pose an unacceptable risk to the public. Federal law applies to carriers wishing to Where a carrier does not respond operate outside of Alberta and requires positively to intervention actions and carriers to obtain a Safety Fitness continues to represent an unacceptable Certificate if they operate: risk to the public, the carrier may be A truck, tractor, trailer, or any prevented from operating by canceling combination of these vehicles their Safety Fitness Certificate and their registered for or weighing in excess of commercial vehicle registrations. 4,500 kilograms, or A commercial passenger vehicle with Safety plans an original manufacturer’s seating In Alberta, a carrier must establish, capacity of 11 or more persons maintain, and follow a written safety including the driver. program. A carrier failing to complete this regulatory requirement may be subject Provincial law applies to carriers operating to disciplinary action including charges solely within Alberta and requires carriers being laid in the courts, an administrative to obtain a Safety Fitness Certificate if penalty being issued, or their Safety they operate: Fitness Certificate being cancelled. A A truck, tractor, trailer, or any carrier’s Safety Plan must address matters combination of these vehicles relating to the safe use and operation of registered for a weight of 11,794 their commercial vehicles including: kilograms or greater, or speed limits, seat belt use, drug and A commercial passenger vehicle with alcohol use, defensive driving, load an original manufacturer’s seating security, and fuelling capacity of 11 or more persons proper records and recording of including the driver. information including, as required, bills Note: Farmers are exempt from the of lading, manifests, dangerous goods requirement to obtain a Safety Fitness documents, time records, drivers’ daily Certificate under provincial law but logs, and weigh slips NOT the federal regulations. 18 Commercial Driver’s Guide  policy and procedures related to be qualified to operate the vehicle compliance with the law, driver training and have any required documents, responsibilities, conduct, and discipline such as a valid driver’s licence, vehicle registration, and Dangerous Goods instructions for the use of safety training certificate and insurance equipment including, as required, the use of reflective triangles, fire report any violations, convictions, extinguishers, goggles, and hard hats and collisions to the carrier. training for employees about safety For more information, refer to the laws and their application, and an Commercial Vehicle Certificate and ongoing program for evaluating their Insurance Regulation AR 314/2002, driving skills which is available from the King’s Printer. (See “Need more information?” retention of complete records for each at the end of this section.) driver in accordance with regulations policies for ensuring that drivers are Preventive maintenance plans properly qualified for the type of vehicle In Alberta, a carrier must establish, they operate. maintain, and follow a written All drivers have a responsibility to know maintenance and inspection program that and follow the policies and procedures covers all applicable vehicles registered contained in their company’s safety plan. to the carrier in Alberta, including leased vehicles. A carrier failing to complete this Each driver should: regulatory requirement may be subject have received the training specified in to disciplinary action including charges the company’s safety plan and know being laid in the courts, an administrative how to perform their duties properly penalty being issued, or their Safety and safely (e.g. training on drivers’ Fitness Certificate being cancelled. The hours of service, trip inspections, policies and procedures set out in the cargo securement, weights, and maintenance program must provide for dimension requirements, etc.) continuous and regular inspections that meet the requirements specified in the ensure that the vehicle is being regulations. operated in compliance with the owner’s policies and procedures, and Every driver is responsible to: within the law understand the company’s have all the applicable documentation maintenance plan completed and in his or her carry out those inspections and possession when required maintenance required by the owner (e.g. Bills of Lading and Dangerous Goods documents) carry out any inspections required by legislation, such as vehicle trip be medically fit to drive and not inspections fatigued or under the influence of alcohol or any drug complete any documents required by the owner and return those documents to the owner Chapter 2 National Safety Code 19  ensure the vehicle is inspected, or make it available for inspection, Provincial (Alberta) as specified in the company’s legislation preventive maintenance plan The on-duty hours (consisting of “driving” report any on-road inspections and “on-duty not driving” time) allowed received from an enforcement officer for a driver are regulated in work shifts and provide the documents to that generally start after having a period the carrier of eight consecutive hours off-duty and end when the driver has another period notify the carrier of any defects found of eight consecutive hours off-duty. Some during an inspection; situations are considered equivalent to not operate any vehicle with a defect this eight hour off-duty requirement. that would jeopardize the safety of the During a work shift, a driver cannot drive: driver or any other person. after having driven 13 hours; or For more information, refer to the Commercial Vehicle Safety Regulation, after being on-duty for 15 hours. AR 121/2009 which is available through A driver must account for every day by the King’s Printer. (See “Need more completing a daily log for each calendar information?” at the end of this section.) day, or indicating in the remarks section of the daily log that the driver was off-duty Hours of service on the indicated dates. Hours of service legislation is safety legislation that ensures commercial When required to complete a daily log, a drivers have enough opportunities to rest driver must do the following: so they do not drive when tired. enter all the required information There is both federal and provincial maintain the daily log current to the legislation that regulates drivers’ hours last change of duty status, such as off- of work. Alberta legislation applies to duty time and driving time carriers and their drivers who operate maintain the daily log accurately vehicles solely within Alberta. The federal legislation applies to carriers and their keep copies of documents received drivers who operate one or more vehicles during the trip, such as hotel receipts outside of Alberta. Once it has been and fuel receipts determined that a carrier falls within the deliver the daily log, and all supporting federal legislation, all the drivers of the documents, to the employer within carrier’s regulated vehicles must comply 20 days to federal requirements, even those that never leave Alberta. The main regulatory keep a copy of each daily log and requirements are summarized below. To supporting documents for at least fully understand all requirements, one six months must read the applicable regulations. If ALL of the following four conditions are met, a daily log is not required to be completed (however, all other regulated requirements must still be met): 20 Commercial Driver’s Guide  the driver starts and ends the work During a work shift (a work shift starts shift at the same place after the driver has eight consecutive hours off), a driver cannot drive: the driver stays within a 160 kilometre radius of the home terminal after having driven 13 hours; there must be no more than 15 hours after being on-duty for 14 hours; from the time the driver starts work after 16 hours of time has elapsed until relieved of duty since the conclusion of their most the employer must maintain a record recent eight hours of consecutive for at least six months of the time each off-duty time. driver starts and ends a work shift. Sleeper berth requirements differ between The driver’s employer must: team and single drivers. ensure the driver follows the A carrier must ensure their drivers regulations; and are following cycle 1 or 2. The driver must then indicate which cycle they maintain the daily logs, in an orderly are operating under on their daily log. manner, for each driver for six months. Depending on the cycle, the driver shall For more information, refer to the not drive after accumulating: Drivers Hours of Service Regulation Cycle 1 - 70 hours of on-duty time in AR 317/2002, which is available from seven consecutive days; or the King’s Printer. (See “Need more information?” at the end of this section.) Cycle 2 - 120 hours of on-duty time in 14 consecutive days. Federal legislation Drivers using cycle 2 are required to take at least 24 consecutive hours off prior to The federal drivers’ hours of service reaching their 70th hour of on-duty time. regulations are more restrictive than the Alberta regulations. It is important to A driver operating on cycle 1 may reset realize that the federal regulation has their accumulative hours back to zero daily, work shift, and cumulative cycle by taking 36 consecutive hours off-duty. limits that all must be met every day. The A driver operating on cycle 2 may reset following is only a summary of the main their accumulative hours to zero by taking regulatory requirements. 72 consecutive hours off-duty. A driver cannot move from one cycle to the other During a day (a consecutive 24 hour without taking a reset. period determined by the carrier) a driver cannot drive: No driver may drive unless they have taken at least 24 consecutive hours off in after having driven 13 hours; or the preceding 14 days. after being on-duty for 14 hours. A driver need not complete a daily log if: In each day a driver must take 10 hours the driver operates or is instructed of off-duty time, eight of the hours off by the motor carrier to operate a being consecutive. The other two hours commercial vehicle within a radius of must be taken in no less than 30 minute 160 kilometres of the home terminal periods. Some concessions apply. Chapter 2 National Safety Code 21  the driver returns to the home terminal each day to begin a minimum of eight Vehicle Inspection consecutive hours of off-duty time Program the motor carrier maintains accurate For commercial vehicles and legible records showing, for each day, the driver’s duty status and To maintain and enhance the safety of elected cycle, the hour at which each commercial vehicles travelling on Alberta duty status begins and ends, and the highways, the province has a mandatory total number of hours spent in each safety inspection program. This is called status, and keeps those records for a the Alberta Vehicle Inspection Program minimum period of six months after the for Commercial Vehicles. day on which they were recorded and The Vehicle Inspection Program for the driver is not driving under a permit Commercial Vehicles is not a replacement issued under these regulations. for the ongoing preventive maintenance carried out by vehicle owners, but If a radius exemption from completing a rather sets the standards for owners’ log is used, all other requirements of the maintenance programs. regulation must still be met. A commercial vehicle passing inspection For more information, refer to the under the Vehicle Inspection Program will Commercial Vehicle Drivers Hours of receive a Commercial Vehicle Inspection Service Regulation SOR/94-716, which is Certificate, as well as a Commercial available from Justice Canada. Vehicle Inspection decal to be placed on the vehicle. Need more information? As with the NSC, municipal transit To learn more about this legislation or to buses and farm trucks are exempt from ask questions about the requirements, the Vehicle Inspection Program when check the following. operating solely within the borders of Alberta legislation is available from the Alberta. King’s Printer at: kings-printer.alberta.ca or phone 780–427–4952. Which commercial vehicles For toll-free service from anywhere in need to be inspected under Alberta, call 310-0000. Vehicle Inspection Program? More information is available at: Buses www.alberta.ca/transportation-and- All buses designed to carry more than economic-corridors.aspx 11 passengers, including the driver, must be inspected. This does not include municipal transit buses, but does include both school buses and commercial buses. Buses must be inspected every six months. Since 1978, Alberta has had a semi-annual inspection requirement for buses. 22 Commercial Driver’s Guide Trucks and trailers A driver shall not operate a commercial vehicle where the cargo All trucks, truck-tractors, trailers, and transported in or on the vehicle is not semi-trailers with a registered combined contained, immobilized, or secured in gross vehicle weight (GVW) of 11,794 accordance with the NSC Standard kg or more must be inspected. Trucks as it relates to the particular type of and trailers must be inspected every 12 commercial vehicle. months. These are the same vehicles as governed under NSC Standard. A driver or carrier must ensure that cargo transported by a commercial How can I find out more about vehicle is contained, immobilized, or the Vehicle Inspection Program secured so that it cannot: for commercial vehicles in · leak, spill, blow off, fall from, fall Alberta? through, or otherwise be dislodged For more information about inspection from the vehicle of commercial vehicles in Alberta, or to · shift upon or within the vehicle to apply for a Vehicle Inspection Program such an extent that the vehicle’s Facility Licence or a Vehicle Inspection stability or ability to move is Program Technician Licence to inspect adversely affected. commercial vehicles, contact Vehicle Safety, Transportation and Economic If cargo is not properly secured, the Corridors by calling 780-427-8901 (for toll driver, carrier, or shipper could face fines free service from anywhere in Alberta first and penalties. call 310-0000). Please request to speak NSC Standard 10 can be viewed on the to a Vehicle Inspection Program Licensing Canadian Council of Motor Transport Analyst. Administrators website at: www.ccmta.ca/ en/national-safety-code Cargo securement It is important to ensure that all cargo carried by a commercial vehicle is properly secured according to the requirements of NSC Standard 10, adopted in Alberta’s Commercial Vehicle Safety Regulation. Commercial trucks registered over 4,500 kg are required to ensure the cargo they carry is secure: A carrier shall not permit a driver to operate a commercial vehicle where the cargo transported in or on the vehicle is not contained, immobilized, or secured in accordance with the NSC Standard as it relates to the particular type of commercial vehicle. Chapter 2 National Safety Code 23 NOTES 24 Commercial Driver’s Guide 3 Trip Inspections Purpose of daily The driver records any defects found during the inspection, while en route, vehicle inspections and at the end of the trip or day. The purpose of a daily vehicle inspection The driver reports defects to is to ensure the early identification of the carrier. a vehicle problem and defects before the vehicle is operated on the highway. Inspections prevent the operation of a Vehicles that require vehicle with conditions that are likely to cause or contribute to the severity of inspections a collision. Provincially regulated carriers (those that operate solely within Alberta) must The trip inspection process is part of complete trip inspection reports on: a carrier’s legal requirement to have and implement a written maintenance trucks registered for a weight of program. It also ensures there is clear 11,794 kilograms and greater; and communication within the company commercial passenger vehicles with about the vehicle’s day-to-day safety. a designed seating capacity of 11 or Inspection reports serve as more persons, including the driver. communication between drivers, the Federally regulated carriers (those that carrier, and the carrier’s maintenance operate one or more vehicles outside the department. Reports are used to province of Alberta) must complete trip verify inspections, record defects, inspection reports on: report defects, and may be used to trucks registered for a weight of 4,500 verify repairs. Reports are completed kilograms and greater; and immediately following an inspection. commercial passenger vehicles with A brief overview of the daily inspection a designed seating capacity of 11 or program includes: more persons, including the driver. The driver conducts an inspection on a A “commercial vehicle” is defined as a vehicle or combination of vehicles. vehicle operated on a highway by or on The inspection is conducted with behalf of a person for the purpose of the use of a schedule which lists the providing transportation, but does not vehicle components and systems that include a private passenger vehicle. require inspection. The driver completes a report Vehicle defects of the inspection. Recording defects The inspection and report are The driver is required to record a defect valid for 24 hours. on the report immediately after the initial The driver is to carry the schedule and inspection, upon discovery of a defect report in the vehicle. while travelling, or when discovered at the end of a trip or day. 26 Commercial Driver’s Guide Reporting defects In addition to the initial inspection, whether conducted by the driver or For the purposes of reporting defects to not, the driver is required to monitor the the carrier, the carrier may designate an condition of the vehicle(s) for defects employee to receive reports of defects. while en route. Minor and major defects, which are In addition to drivers, other persons such listed in a schedule, must be reported as maintenance or yard staff are also immediately by the driver or inspection permitted to conduct inspections and person to the carrier upon discovery complete and sign reports. of the defect. Where a trip inspection report has been Depending on the driver’s situation, completed, the trip inspection is valid for reporting defects to the carrier may be a maximum of 24 hours. This means a done in person, by phone, via written trip inspection conducted by a person report, or by electronic means. may be used by another person, provided Driving with defects it was completed within 24 hours. A driver may continue to drive with A person other than the driver who a minor defect that is listed on an conducts an inspection and signs the inspection schedule if the driver has report is responsible under law for the immediately entered the defect on the inspection and the information contained daily inspection report and reported in the inspection report. The driver may the defect to the carrier. rely on such an inspection and produce the report to an officer, unless the driver Vehicle not to be operated with a has reason to believe the inspection and major defect report do not meet the requirements, or the driver is aware or ought to be aware No carrier shall permit a person, and no that the vehicle has a defect. person shall, drive a commercial vehicle on a highway when a major defect that Any number of trailers may be inspected is listed on an inspection schedule is and added to a single report if the present on the vehicle. report contains additional lines for additional trailers. Driver inspection All information required to be on a report must be accurately completed in full. required On the demand of a peace officer, a The driver is required to complete and driver must produce the inspection sign a report upon completion of the schedule and the written trip inspection inspection. Drivers are not permitted to report. Alberta’s trip inspection legislation drive a truck or tow a trailer unless the is contained in sections 9 through 16 of driver or another person has conducted the Commercial Vehicle Safety Regulation an inspection of the vehicle(s) within the 121/2009 and can be viewed on the previous 24 hours. King’s Printer website at: kings-printer.alberta.ca Chapter 3 Trip Inspections 27 There are vehicle inspectors throughout the province who conduct commercial Trip inspections vehicle inspections. Vehicles that do not Inspection procedures meet the requirements can be taken out-of-service until the repairs are made. Note: Only the driver is referenced as This can also result in fines and points the inspection person throughout the assessed on the Carrier Profile or the remainder of this chapter. driver’s Commercial Driver Abstract. Drivers may choose an inspection procedure (circle procedure) that Trip inspection schedule best suits the vehicle and its location. Application of inspection schedule However, whichever procedure is used, each regulated inspection item must A truck, a tractor, and towed trailer be inspected and, where a defect is are inspected using Schedule 1. A discovered, the defect must be recorded converter dolly is inspected as part of on the report and reported to the carrier. the trailer it is carrying. The dolly is to be inspected again when carrying a The following detailed trip inspection is for different trailer. reference only. Check with your employer to determine if the company has its own Carriers are required to supply drivers forms for recording vehicle condition. with a copy of the inspection schedule. Drivers are required to carry and Note: A vehicle trip inspection is produce the inspection schedule required as part of the road test when to an officer. applying for a Class 1, 2, and 3 driver’s licence. A schedule and an inspection report may be combined on the same document. Before beginning the inspection Where to get inspection schedules  Choose terrain that is as level as Schedule 1 - 4 of NSC Standard 13, possible and park the vehicle safely which is published by the Canadian away from traffic. Council of Transport Administrators, is  Set parking/spring brake. Place the acceptable in Alberta, including when transmission in low gear for a produced by the driver of an Alberta manual transmission. plated commercial vehicle. These schedules may be viewed at:  Shut off the engine. www.ccmta.ca. Some companies,  Chock the wheels and ensure the associations, and organizations also chocks will keep the vehicle from produce and sell schedules and report moving, especially for vehicles forms. equipped with air brakes when they are released later. The minimum size for square blocks should be 15 by 15 centimetres. 28 Commercial Driver’s Guide Circle check The drawings below illustrate one way to make a full circle check. Do a walk- around check before starting any trip. The Start circle check may be done in any order, but make sure that you check everything and always make a complete circle around the vehicle. Much of the pre-trip Single unit with three axles information listed below is common to all commercial vehicles. Where there are extra items for specific vehicle types, it is indicated under its own heading. Start Note: The categories for a bus includes commercial, school, and private buses. Unique school bus items are noted, if applicable. Ambulance Daily walk-around procedure – Start items to check: Starting at the front of the vehicle and going down the driver’s side of the vehicle, from the front to the back, check Truck-tractor and semi-trailer the following: Outside of the vehicle Under the hood All vehicle types Start  radiator has no leaks, has adequate coolant level, and proper fitting cap School bus  fan has no bent, cracked, missing blades, or loose mountings  all belts have correct tension and do not show signs of wear  oil and other fluid levels are adequate  air filter for condition  battery has no cracks, excessive corrosion, or leaks, terminal connections are secure, battery is securely mounted (battery location varies on different vehicles) Chapter 3 Trip Inspections 29  steering mechanism has no bent,  clearance and marker lights work, broken, or missing parts, power lenses are clean and not cracked, steering pump and hose for leaks and reflectors are clean and adequate fluid level, steering  windshield is clean and free of mechanism has no wear or major cracks excessive play Truck-tractor  all hose connections are secure, have no leaks, kinks, cuts, abrasions,  licence plate is valid, clean, and secure or cracks Bus  shock absorbers are not loose or  alternating amber and red flashing leaking (if visible on the vehicle) lights work, lenses are clean and not cracked (school bus only)  suspension has no cracked, missing, or broken leaf springs, or U-bolts that  pedestrian-student safety crossing arm are loose, broken, or missing (if visible is secure, not damaged, and works on the vehicle) (school bus only) Vehicles with Air Brakes  clearance and marker lights work, lenses are clean and not cracked,  air compressor is securely mounted, condition of lines, fittings, hoses, reflectors are clean and couplers  crossover mirror is secure, clean, and not cracked (school bus only)  brake chambers for condition and security Ambulance  slack adjuster angle, push rod travel,  emergency lights work, lenses are mechanical condition and wear clean and not cracked  air lines have no leaks, kinks, cuts, Driver’s side abrasions, or cracks of the vehicle Note: During the pre-trip inspection, All Vehicle Types return to the driver’s compartment as required to turn the lights on and off to  steering axle tire has adequate tread depth (not less than 3.2 mm), check that they are working properly. proper inflation, no bulges, sidewall Front of vehicle separation, cuts, or uneven wear All Vehicle types  steering axle rim has no cracks, missing pieces, bends, or rust streaks,  no traces of leaking fluids on the wheel fasteners are secure and not ground under the vehicle missing, broken, or loose  high and low beam headlights work,  oil level in steering axle wheel bearing, lenses are clean and not cracked if equipped  hazard warning lights work, lenses are  inspection decal is present, valid, and clean and not cracked in the proper location (if required for  right and left turn signals work, lenses the specific vehicle) are clean and not cracked 30 Commercial Driver’s Guide  mirrors are attached securely  second drive axle wheel rims have no and not cracked cracks, missing pieces, bends, or rust streaks, wheel fasteners are secure  driver’s door operates properly (does and not missing, broken, or loose not apply to a bus)  fifth wheel coupler bolt is secure, slider  windows are clean is locked and secure, plate shows no  fuel cap is present and secure (fuel cap damage, cracks or weld separations, location may vary on each vehicle) plate is flush to the apron (no daylight Truck-tractor and is visible between them) three axle vehicles  fifth wheel locking jaws are closed,  handrail is secure plate sits flat on the underside of trailer, kingpin is enclosed  steps are secure and in good condition  kingpin and pintle hitch eyehook (if  fuel tank has no leaks, tank is secure, equipped) is not worn, damaged, the air vent is not plugged and that the cracked, or broken proper fitting cap is secure  hitches (if equipped), pintle hitch or  fuel system lines are secure and ball hitch is not worn and locking have no leaks mechanism is closed  exhaust system is in good condition,  chains, cables (if equipped) have no has no leaks, muffler is securely stress cracks or weld breaks and are attached, and the heat shield (if securely attached present) is secure  drive shaft is in good condition and  storage compartment doors open and there are no obstructions close properly and contents are secure  suspension has no cracked, missing,  first drive axle tires have adequate or broken springs, torsion bars or tread depth (not less than 1.6 mm), walking beams are secure and not proper inflation, no bulges, sidewall damaged, no loose, missing, or broken separation, cuts, or uneven wear, dual U-bolts, shock absorbers are securely tires are not touching and nothing is mounted and not leaking trapped between them  if the vehicle has air suspension, check  first drive axle wheel rims have no for damaged, worn, or inoperative air cracks, missing pieces, bends, or rust bags streaks, wheel fasteners are secure and not missing or broken  axle assembly has no breaks, cracks, holes, broken seals or bends  second drive axle tires have adequate tread depth (not less than 1.6 mm),  signal lights work, lenses are clean proper inflation, no bulges, sidewall and not cracked separation, cuts, or uneven wear, dual  brake lights work, lenses are clean and tires are not touching and nothing is not cracked (whenever possible, have trapped between them another person activate the brakes while you check for proper operation) Chapter 3 Trip Inspections 31  backing and docking lights work,  drive axle tire has adequate tread lenses are clean and not cracked depth (not less than 1.6 mm), (whenever possible, have another proper inflation, no bulges, sidewall person activate the controls while you separation, cuts, or uneven wear, dual check for proper operation) tires if equipped are not touching and nothing is trapped between them  brake chambers are secure, no signs of cracks, corrosion, or holes, and  drive axle wheel rim has no cracks, nothing obstructs the push rod travel wheel fasteners are secure and not missing  slack adjusters - pull manually or use a pry bar to check for travel, mechanical Driver’s front and side of a trailer condition, and wear (if equipped)  air lines are secured, no leaks, kinks,  inspection decal is present, valid, cuts, abrasions, or cracks in housing and in the proper location  mud flap is secure and does not  body has no damage, broken or missing rub tires rivets, holes, or weld separations  body has no damage, broken  frame and structural supports have or missing rivets, holes, or weld no holes, bends, cracks, weld separations separations, or broken cross members Bus  landing gear is raised, handle is secure, there are no cracks or breaks  stop arm is secure and not damaged in cross members or webbing, (school bus only) lowering mechanism is secure  body has no damage, broken or missing rivets, holes, or  air lines are secured safely, there are no leaks, kinks, cuts, abrasions, or weld separations cracks in housing  frame and structural supports have no holes, bends, cracks, weld  clearance and marker lights work, lenses are clean and not cracked, separations, or broken cross members reflectors and retro-reflective tape  retro-reflective tape is clean (school are clean bus only)  load security devices work, anchor  clearance and marker lights work, points are secure, vehicle and load lenses are clean and not cracked, devices are not damaged reflectors are clean  first trailer axle tires have adequate  suspension has no cracked, missing, tread depth (not less than 1.6 mm), or broken springs, and no loose, proper inflation, no bulges, sidewall missing or broken U-bolts separation, cuts, or uneven wear, dual Ambulance tires are not touching and nothing is trapped between them  clearance and marker lights work, lenses are clean and not cracked,  first trailer axle wheel rims have no reflectors are clean cracks, missing pieces, bends, or rust streaks, wheel fasteners are secure and not missing or broken 32 Commercial Driver’s Guide  second trailer axle tires have adequate  clearance and marker lights work, tread depth (not less than 1.6 mm), lenses are clean and not cracked, proper inflation, no bulges, sidewall reflectors and retro-reflective tape (if separation, cuts, or uneven wear, dual applicable) are clean tires are not touching and nothing is  licence plate is clean, attached trapped between them securely, the registration decal is valid,  second trailer axle wheel rims have no licence plate light is secure and works, cracks, missing pieces, bends, or rust and the lens is clean streaks, wheel fasteners are secure  doors or gates work, are closed, and and not missing, broken or loose secure (if applicable)  sliding tandem and locking pin - the  rear windows are clean (if applicable). pin is locked and secure, no bends, cracks, breaks, or weld separations in  mud flaps are secure and do not rub the cross members, torsion bars, on the tires or flanges  exhaust system is secure and has  brake chambers are secure, have no no visible leaks, muffler is securely cracks or corrosion, and nothing will attached (if applicable) obstruct the push rod travel Bus  all slack adjusters - pull manually  alternating amber and red flashing or use a pry bar to check for travel, lights work, lenses are clean and not mechanical condition, and wear cracked (school bus only)  suspension has no cracked, missing or  white flashing strobe light works broken springs, torsion bars or walking (school bus only) beams are secure and not damaged, no loose, missing, or broken U-bolts  clearance and marker lights work, lenses are clean and not cracked, reflectors  if the trailer has air suspension, check and retro-reflective tape (if applicable) for damaged, worn, or inoperative air are clean (for school bus only) bags  rear door opens properly, closes  axle assembly has no breaks, cracks, securely, emergency buzzer works and holes, or cracked seals rear door seal is not damaged (school bus only) Rear of a vehicle  specialized equipment for transporting All Vehicle Types persons with disabilities is operating  right and left turn signals work, lenses and is secured properly, if equipped are clean and not cracked  spare tire, if equipped, is inflated  hazard warning lights work, lenses are and secure, jack and tools are clean and not cracked properly secured  brake lights work, lenses are clean and Ambulance not cracked (whenever possible, have Patient compartment another person activate the brakes  medical equipment is stowed properly while you check for proper operation) and inventory is completed Chapter 3 Trip Inspections 33  fire extinguisher is fully charged and  horn works and backing alarm works label indicates that it has not expired, properly if equipped - some regulations an approved warning device is present require a backing alarm when vehicles are around workers on foot Passenger side of a vehicle  there are no unusual engine noises All Vehicle Types  there is no unusual noise when the clutch is pushed in and released while Continue inspecting the passenger side the transmission is in neutral for a of the unit using the same procedures as manual transmission (if applicable) on the driver’s side of the truck-tractor and semi-trailer.  radio equipment and P. A. system work and siren works in all modes Bus (if applicable)  fuel filler cap is present and secure Truck-tractor  passenger door operates smoothly  hand throttle and accelerator pedal and closes securely from the inside operate properly  steps are clean and step light works,  air pressure build-up time is adequate if equipped and the air pressure drop does not  inspection decal is present, valid, and exceed an acceptable amount when in correct location the brakes are applied  service brakes have been tested by Inside the vehicle driving forward slowly and stopping and engine start up Bus All Vehicle Types  handrail is secure  seat and mirrors are adjusted properly  fire extinguisher is fully charged and  seat belt is adjusted and label indicates that it is valid, an fastened properly approved warning device is present  feel and operation of brake pedal and  first aid kit is fully equipped. clutch pedal (if equipped)  all emergency exits open and close  steering has no excessive play or slack properly (the alarm system is working  all gauges and warning lights work for school bus only)  fuel level is adequate  parking brake works  windows are clean, windshield is clean  stop arm and lights work and free of major cracks (school bus only)  windshield wipers work, washer has  passenger seats are securely fastened adequate fluid and sprays well to the floor and are in good condition  defroster and heater work properly  interior is clean and there is no damage  restraints for the wheelchair work and are secured, if equipped 34 Commercial Driver’s Guide Extra equipment and documentation Step 2 (Tractor protection All Vehicle Types system)  fire extinguisher is fully charged and  Leave the engine off with the key in the label shows that it has not expired ‘run’ position.  an approved warning device  Push the trailer air supply valve (red is present button); the park control valve (yellow button) should be pulled.  first aid kit is fully equipped  Disconnect both air lines to the trailer.  all necessary documentation is in the vehicle (including, for example,  Trailer air supply valve should “pop” vehicle registration and valid insurance, out at 40 - 60 PSI (276 - 414 kPa) Vehicle Inspection Program inspection or higher. certificate, pre-trip inspection form,  Low air pressure warning should come safety fitness certificate, permits, on by 60 PSI (414 kPa). logbook, and any other supporting  Apply and hold foot or hand valve; no documents) air should leak from the open trailer  all personal protective equipment that service line. is required before going on a work site is present Step 3 (Park control valve)  tools are properly secured  Push park control valve (yellow button).  spare light bulbs, fuses, belts, and  Pump the foot valve. other required parts are present  Park control valve should “pop” out at 20 - 45 PSI (138 - 311 kPa). Trip air brake  Reconnect both air lines to the trailer. inspection Step 4 (Supply circuit) The following information is a guide only.  Start the engine and run at fast idle As in the trip inspection of the vehicle, around 1200 RPM. the driver plays an important role in  Perform compressor build-up test; 50 maintaining the air brake unit. A driver to 90 PSI (345 to 621 kPa) within must be alert and know how the air brake three minutes. system works. Any brake problems must be reported so the necessary repairs can  Low air pressure warning light should be done. go out by 60 PSI (414 kPa).  Build air pressure to system maximum Step 1 to confirm governor cut-out at Chock the wheels with the vehicle on 120 - 135 PSI (828 - 931 kPa). level ground.  Pump service brakes to reduce Perform a visual inspection of the air air pressure until governor cuts in. brake components. Confirm cut-in is 20 - 25 PSI (138 - 172 kPa) less than cut-out pressure. Chapter 3 Trip Inspections 35 Step 5 (Air system leaks) You should be able to enter and exit a rest or check stop so that you do not  Push both park control valves and rebuild air pressure. have to back the vehicle. Do not make a stop at the bottom of a  Turn off the engine. hill or on an uphill slope.  Apply and firmly hold a full service brake application for 2 minutes. The stop area should have an adequate acceleration lane to allow  Maximum 4 PSI (28 kPa) loss for you to merge on to the highway at the power units, plus an additional appropriate speed. 2 PSI (14 kPa) per trailer, after the system stabilizes. A vehicle inspection at a rest and check stop should include the following:  Release service brake application and reapply spring park brakes. All lights are clean and in working order. Step 6 (Service brake There are no air leaks. response) All the wheels are secure, and tires are  Remove wheel chocks. properly inflated and are not hot.  Release spring park brakes. There are no broken or loose items on  Perform a brake response test using the vehicle. the foot valve. The load is secure.  Perform a brake response test using The dangerous goods placards are the trailer hand valve. clean and secure (if applicable). The trailer locking mechanisms are Enroute check stop secure and in good condition. inspections The brakes are properly adjusted. Rest and check stops serve two purposes. First, they provide a break and Reporting to a vehicle a change of routine. You will feel less tired and more alert after a rest stop. Second, inspection station you can check your vehicle after it has One of the most common been on the road for some time. You will misconceptions regarding vehicle be able to see if everything is still secure inspection stations is that only large and working the way it should. commercial vehicles have to report. The Schedule rest and check stops according law is that all commercial vehicles or to NSC requirements and your company’s combinations weighing over 4,500 kg are policy. required to report to inspection stations when the highway lights are flashing. When choosing a stop, keep the following A “commercial vehicle” is defined as a in mind: vehicle operated on a highway by or on Make sure the vehicle is completely behalf of a person for the purpose of off the road. providing transportation, but does not include a private passenger vehicle. 36 Commercial Driver’s Guide If you are operating a motor vehicle that  report any minor damage and fluid is required to report, if the vehicle is leaks under the bus loaded, drive slowly across the scale lane. If empty, drive slowly in the lane beside  check the tires for damage and air leaks. the scale lane. Whether loaded or empty watch the light board for instructions. If the “STOP” light is activated, stop the vehicle and wait for further instructions. If the “BACK UP” light is activated, slowly and safely back the vehicle up keeping in mind there may be other vehicles behind you. If the “PARK” light is activated park the vehicle in the lot and bring all of the vehicle and driver documents to the scale building. Post-trip inspection At the end of a shift, it is recommended you do a post-trip inspection. This will enable you to obtain service or repairs if required before the next trip. The report should include any problems discovered during the trip. Waiting to do the inspection can result in problems that are frustrating, time consuming, and costly. Post-trip inspection for school buses A school bus is subject to considerable wear and tear. It travels in poor weather conditions, often over difficult roads, and is usually full of lively children. For this reason, it is important that you inspect the bus both inside and outside at the end of every trip. You will need to do the following:  inspect the bus for lost articles and children who are sleeping or still on the bus  clean the floors, particularly around the front steps  check the condition of the emergency equipment Chapter 3 Trip Inspections 37 NOTES 38 Commercial Driver’s Guide 4 Operating Class 1 Vehicles  Maximum overall length 23m (75.5ft.) Maximum box length 16.2m (53ft.) (including load) 4.15m Kingpin setback Effective rear overhang max. 2.0m (6.5ft.) (max. 0.35 x wheelbase) Wheelbase radius min. 6.25m (20.5ft.) max. 12.5m (41ft.) Interaxle spacing Interaxle spacing 3.0m min. (118in.) Tandem axle speed Tractor wheelbase min. 1.2m (47in.) max. 6.2m (244in.) max. 1.85m (72in.) Operating a No vehicle or combination of vehicles will be allowed to operate on a highway if the truck-tractor and weight on a tire, axle or axle groups, or gross vehicle weight is more than what semi-trailer is allowed under the Commercial Vehicle Dimension and Weight Regulation (AR Size and weight restrictions of 315/2002). commercial vehicles Commercial vehicles must not be more Specialized, oversized, or overweight than the following dimensions: equipment requires a special permit. The permit will have specific conditions on it. 2.6 metres in width These conditions will state: Note: If the vehicle is wider than 2.05 the routes you may travel on metres, clearance lights are required. the days and hours of travel These must be amber in the front and red in the rear. the type of equipment that must be used 4.15 metres in height from the anything else that is needed to prevent ground surface road damage and to ensure safety. 12.5 metres in length for a straight truck 6.2 metres in wheelbase length for Air brakes a truck-tractor Detailed air brake information can be found in the Alberta Air Brake Manual. 23 metres in overall length for a tractor This Manual will be given to you when you semi-trailer or truck and towed trailer complete the Alberta Air Brake program combination at a licensed driving school or entity. You 25 metres in overall length for must complete the program in order to Transportation Association of Canada obtain the air brake “Q” endorsement on (TAC) vehicle combinations consisting your driver’s licence. This endorsement is of A, B, and C trains. required to operate any vehicle with air brakes. 40 Commercial Driver’s Guide How long does it take 2 Brake condition. All the brakes on a vehicle must share the task in the to stop a vehicle? same way. If one or more brakes are In order to stop a moving vehicle, a driver not properly aligned or maintained, the needs to perform three actions: remaining brakes will have to generate more friction. This means that it will See - a hazard take longer to stop the vehicle. Think - decide to stop 3 Weight (GVW). A heavy vehicle, even Do - place foot on the brake pedal though it has better traction, needs until vehicle stops. more time and distance to stop. When