Child Care PPT PDF

MIDW1123 - EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE CHILD HEALTH CARE Prepared by: EDEN DELA TORRE-LIMCANGCO 1  OBJECTIVES: At the end of this topic students will be able to: 1. Know the definition of the following:  Early Childhood...

MIDW1123 - EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE CHILD HEALTH CARE Prepared by: EDEN DELA TORRE-LIMCANGCO 1  OBJECTIVES: At the end of this topic students will be able to: 1. Know the definition of the following:  Early Childhood  Child Health Care  Community Child Health Care 2. Identify the different scope of Child Health Care 3. Enumerate the Primary Health Care approaches to Child Health Care  DEFINITION EARLY CHILDHOOD:  Defined as the period from birth to six years old.  Is a time of remarkable growth and development in physical, cognitive, emotional and social areas with brain development at its peak. It is a critical phase for learning and building foundational skills.  During this stage, children are highly influenced by the environment and the people that surround them.  DEFINITION EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE  Early childhood care aims at the holistic development of a child’s social, emotional, cognitive and physical needs in order to build a solid and broad foundation for lifelong learning and wellbeing.  ECC has the possibility to nurture caring, capable and responsible future citizens.  ECC focuses on the care of toddlers and preschoolers This includes a range of services and activities aimed at creating a safe and stimulating environment for children, such as: 1. Health and nutrition: Ensuring proper feeding, immunization, and regular health check-ups. 2. Education: Providing early learning opportunities through play, storytelling, and structured activities. 3. Emotional support: Building trust, affection, and security through positive interactions with caregivers. 4. Social development: Encouraging interactions with peers and teaching basic social skills. 5. Safety and protection: Creating environments free from harm or danger.  Republic Act 8980 Early Childhood Care and Development Act (ECCD Act)  An Act promulgating a comprehensive policy and a national system for Early Childhood Care and Development, providing funds therefore and for other purposes.  OBJECTIVES OF “ECCD ACT” (a) To achieve improved infant and child survival rates by ensuring that adequate health and nutrition programs are accessible to young children and their mothers from the pre-natal period throughout the early childhood years; (b) To enhance the physical, social, emotional, cognitive, psychological, spiritual and language development of young children; (c) To enhance the role of parents and other caregivers as the primary caregivers and educators of their children from birth onwards; (d) To facilitate a smooth transition from care and education provided at home to community or school-based setting and to primary school; (e) To enhance the capabilities of service providers and their supervisors to comply with quality standards for various ECCD programs;  OBJECTIVES OF “ECCD ACT” (f) To enhance and sustain the efforts of communities to promote ECCD programs and ensure that special support is provided for poor and disadvantaged communities; (g) To ensure that young children are adequately prepared for the formal learning system and that both public and private schools are responsive to the developmental needs of these children; (h) To establish an efficient system for early identification, prevention, referral and intervention for developmental disorders and disabilities in early childhood; and (i) To improve the quality standards of public and private ECCD programs through, but not limited to, a registration and credential system for ECCD service providers.  DEFINITION CHILD HEALTH  is a state of physical, mental, intellectual, social and emotional well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”.  Children represent the future, and ensuring their healthy growth and development ought to be a prime concern of all societies. Newborns are particularly vulnerable and children are vulnerable to malnutrition and infectious diseases, many of which can be effectively prevented or treated. 9  DEFINITION CHILD HEALTH CARE  is defined as the medical services that are provided by the medical health professionals to the children having disease or infection. COMMUNITY CHILD HEALTH CARE  a term which encompasses training and working practices of all those working with children and their families (CatF) in their communities,  facilitated by multidisciplinary collaboration between agencies concerned with the health of CatF,  promotion of research related to the health of CatF and disseminating useful results,  serving as an advocate for CatF through professional, academic and other channels. IMPORTANT AREAS OF EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT Early childhood development is a little easier to understand when you break it into categories of learning based on abilities of four primary areas: 1. Social and emotional 2. Language/communication 3. Movement/physical development 4. Cognitive (learning, thinking, problem-solving)  AGE GROUPS Age group involved in Pediatrics and Early Childhood Care start even before birth. Perinatal Period – from the 20th week of gestation to the first six (6) days of life Neonatal Period – the first 28 days after birth Infancy – 0 to 12 months or birth up to 1 year Toddler - 1 to 3 years Preschool - 3 to 6 years School age - 6 to 12 years Adolescence - 12 to19 years Child Health Care Objective in PHC: 1. Decreasing childhood death and infant mortality rate. 2. Promote and protect health of child. 3. Nutritious diet to children. 4. Monitoring child growth and development toward health level of children 1 3 THE PRIMARY HEALTHCARE APPROACH TO CHILDHOOD CARE Primary Health Care  Essential healthcare made accessible to individuals and people in the community, by means acceptable to them towards their full participation at a cost that the community can afford in the spirit of self-reliance and self- determination  Sponsored by WHO and UNICEF at the convention in Alma Ata, Russia in 1978  Inclusions:  Health Education  Promotion of good and proper nutrition THE PRIMARY HEALTHCARE APPROACH TO CHILDHOOD CARE  Maternal and child care, including family planning  Adequate supply of safe water  Basic prevention of major infectious diseases, including immunizations  Appropriate treatment for common diseases  Thus, PHC is an integrated group of services, preventive, curative, promotive and rehabilitative for the individual, the family, and the community  Ten (10) Leading Causes of Child Mortality in the Philippines 1 - 4 years old Causes: 1. Pneumonia 2. Diarrheas and gastoenteritis of presumed infectious origin 3. Congenital anomalies 4. Septicemia 5. Other diseases of the nervous system 6. Accidental drowning and submersion 7. Dengue Fever and Dengue- hemorrhagic fever 8. Chronic lower respiratory diseases 9. Meningitis 10. Leukemia Ten (10) Leading Causes of Child Mortality in the Philippines 5 - 9 years old Causes: 1. Pneumonia 2. Dengue Fever and Dengue-hemorrhagic fever 3. Accidental drowning and submersion 4. Other diseases of nervous system 5. Transport accidents 6. Congenital anomalies 7. Leukemia 8. Meningitis 9. Septicemia 10. Diarrhoeas and gastroenteritis of presumed origin Child health services 1. Newborn care & Breast feeding 2. Immunization 3. Monitoring growth and development. 4. Personal hygiene 5. Early detection of health problems and treatment 18 Growth and development monitoring The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 10% of the people in any country have some type of impairment.  For monitoring development have some models: 19 Development models 1. Development screening:  This systematic process checks the development of apparently normal children using tests, scales, examinations, or other procedures to identify those who might be at high risk of developmental problems. 20 Development models 2. Development monitoring:  This series of activities includes the promotion of normal development and the detection of developmental problems as part of a flexible ongoing process within the primary child health care context; it involves sharing reports and feedback from health professionals, parents, teachers, and others. 21 Development models 3. Development assessment:  Children suspected of having developmental problems undergo a series of detailed (usually multidisciplinary) examinations, including diagnostic testing. 22 Development models 4. Development follow-up:  This procedure involves close observation of the child’s development on a periodic or ongoing basis, either systematically or informally, with or without screening. It does not imply the use of any specific technique or process. 23 24