Characteristics of Living Organisms Class Notes PDF

Characteristics of living Organisms Biol 071 2021 Creation v Evolution Genesis and the creation story The Big Bang Theory and Charles Darwin Primordial soup Charles Darwin  Growth and development-involves an increase in the size of i...

Characteristics of living Organisms Biol 071 2021 Creation v Evolution Genesis and the creation story The Big Bang Theory and Charles Darwin Primordial soup Charles Darwin  Growth and development-involves an increase in the size of individual cells of an organism, in the number of cells Characteristics of life include Nutrition - self-regulated metabolism- Plants make their on food, animals eat the plants (7) Sensitivity - response to stimuli-physical or chemical changes in their internal or external environment  Reproduction- producing offspring Movement – the whole organism or parts Characteristics of life include (7) Excretion – getting rid of waste products Respiration - turning food into energy Dead or alive Which life processes are seen in the pictures? Which life processes are seen in the pictures? Which life processes are seen in the pictures?  Which life processes are seen in the pictures? Place your answer in the chat  Homeostasis What does Warm this mean for blooded v humans? cold blooded  https://sway.office.com/DPsTNyaJR9G8oovN?ref=Link https://sway.office.com/DPsTNyaJR9G8oovN?ref=Link&loc=play Characteristics of living things Dead or Alive Go to this Sway Animal Classification CLASSIFICATION  Carl Linnaeus, a Swedish botanist, physician, and Taxonomy – the science of zoologist formalized the naming modern system of naming organisms called binomial nomenclature Domains  All living things Domain Archaea Bacteria Eukarya Kingdom Protista Plantae Animalia Fungi  Diligent Kindly Professors Can Often Fail Good Students Dear Kim Please Come Over For Great Sex Did King Philip Come Over From Great Spain Do Keep Pots Clean Or Family Gets Sick Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Kingdom All living organisms are first placed into different kingdoms. There are six different kingdoms to classify life on Earth Animals Plants Fungi Protists Bacteria and Archaea Types of Symmetry  Protista multicellular Protozoa Slime molds algae  Protista single celled heterotrophs or autotrophs  Amoeba, Paramecium Unicellular Small, microscopic Protozoa Feed on other organisms- heterotrophically Causes malaria, sleeping sickness Fungi - Heterotrophs that Molds digest food externally by Yeast secreting exoenzymes. May be Mushrooms saprophytic, parasitic, or symbiotic Toadstools Phylum Animalia =The animal kingdom is divided into 35 smaller groups, known as phyla (plural). Animals usually fall into one of nine different phyla and are either invertebrates or vertebrates 1. Coelenterate (Cnidaria) 6. Nematodes 2. Chordata (vertebrates) 7. Platyhelminthes 3. Arthropods 8. Porifera 4. Mollusks 9. Annelids 5. Echinoderms Phylum - Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) Flukes (Class - Trematoda) Tapeworms (class Cestoda) Digestive cavity has only one opening Bilateral symmetry  Phylum - Nematoda (Roundworms) Parasitic, unsegmented worms Ascaris - pinworms and hookworms Trichinella – improperly cooked pork Amsel, Sheri. "Phylum - Nematoda (Roundworms)" Exploring Nature Educational Resource ©2005-2017. June 18, 2017 < http://www.exploringnature.org/db/view/1087 > Annelida – Segmented worms Earthworms, leeches Breath through skin Bilateral symmetry Digestive track- tube within a tube – crop, gizzard and intestine Phylum - Porifera (Sponges) No symmetry, do not move (sessile) Reproduces asexually by fragmentation They are hermaphrodites – and may reproduce sexually Filter nutrients from the water  Squids, Octopuses, Slugs, Clams and Snails Have soft bodies protected by hard calcium Phylum containing shell Open circulatory system Mollusca Head-foot – sensory and motor organs Visceral mass- contains organs Mantle- specialized tissue that surrounds visceral mass and secretes shell Mollusca Coelenterates (Cnidarians) Hydra and Jellyfish, sea anemones and corals Radial Symmetry Sessile – do not move or Medusa- (upside down bowl shaped) motile Gastrovascular cavity- (extracellular digestion) All members have stinging cells- cnidocytes  Shellfish and sea urchins radial symmetry several arms (5 or more, mostly grouped 2 left - Echinodermata 1 middle - 2 right) radiating from a central body (= pentamerous). Body consists of five equal segments, each containing a duplicate set of various internal organs. Move by tube feet Reproduce sexually or asexually and by fragmentation  Mammalia (Mammals), Actinopterygii (Bony Fish), The Chordata Chondrichthyes (vertebrates) (Cartilaginous Fish) phylum Aves (Birds), Amphibia (Amphibians) and Reptilia (Reptiles). Characteristics of orders under mammals  The class Mammalia (Mammals) - Carnivora- wolves, dogs, cats, raccoons, bears, Each class is weasels, hyaenas, seals, and walruses divided into Primate- lemurs, monkeys, and apes, humans. Artiodactyla -cloven-hooved mammals, include such orders familiar animals as sheep, goats, camels, pigs, cows, deer, giraffes, and antelopes — most of the world's species of large land mammals are artiodactyls. Rodentia- gophers, mice, rats, squirrels, porcupines, beavers, chipmunks. rodent This is the largest order of mammals. There are over 1,500 species of rodents. Domain Eukarya Bacteria Kingdom Animalia Plantae Fungi Bacteria Frogs, Bears Ants, Spiders Humans ,Dolphins sharks Pine trees Mushrooms Classification Aardwolf Gray Wolf Coyote Lion Blue Whale Level Kingdom Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia Phylum Chordata Chordata Chordata Chordata Chordata Class Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia Order Carnivora Carnivora Carnivora Carnivora Cetacea Family Hyaenidae Canidae Canidae Felidae Balenopteridae Genus Proteles Canis Canis Panthera Balaenoptera Species Proteles Canis lupus Canis latrans Panthera leo Balaenoptera musculus cristatus Grade scale Bryophyte is a traditional name used to refer to all embryophytes (land plants) that are non-vascular plants, namely the mosses, hornworts, and liverworts.  Section 2 A former division of the plant kingdom. Simple plants, without roots, stems leaves  https://youtu.be/qaElp0M3NZw Bryophytes The bryophytes include organisms like mosses and liverworts grow in moist shaded areas, damp, humid habitats. (no vascular system) They lack true roots, stem or leaves or they may possess root-like, leaf-like or stem-like structures. Mosses are examples of bryophytes Pteridophytes Pteridophytes include horsetails and ferns. They are mostly used for medicinal purposes and soil-binders. They are also grown as ornamentals. Pteridophytes are the first plants to possess vascular tissues xylem and phloem. The main plant body of the pteridophyte is a sporophytes and it is differentiated into true root, stem and leaves. They have well differentiated vascular tissue. The gametophytes require cool, damp, shady places to grow and hence they are restricted to narrow geographical regions.  Characteristics of Non Flowering Plants do not produce flowers, fruits and seeds. vary in their shape, size and colour. They are the first and oldest (about 450 million years ago) plant present on this biosphere. They are mainly characterized by spore production, absence of flowers and true roots. Reproduction in non flowering plants is asexually by producing spores. Ferns,  Gymnosperms Gymnosperms are plants in which the ovules are not enclosed by any ovary wall and they remain exposed both before and after fertilization. These seeds develop post fertilization and are not covered, hence naked. The gymnosperms includes medium-sized or tall tress and shrubs. The leaves may be simple or compound and they can withstand extreme temperature, humidity and wind. They have many economic uses, like pine, spruce, fir and cedar are used for lumber. Some of them are also used as soap, nail polish, varnish, gum, food and perfumes. Angiosperms flowering plants; The seeds of these plants are enclosed by fruits. They provide commercially important products like food, fodder, fuel, medicines, etc. They are majorly divided into two classes - the dicotyledons and the monocotyledons. The characteristics of angiosperm include flowers, seeds and the production of fruits which enclose the seeds.