Characteristics Of Computer System PDF

Characteristics of Computer System BSIT 1-1 Group 2 COMP 001: Introduction to Computing  What is a Computer? A computer is an electronic machine that processes raw data into information, does arithmetic and logical operations, and produces an output at high speeds based on...

Characteristics of Computer System BSIT 1-1 Group 2 COMP 001: Introduction to Computing  What is a Computer? A computer is an electronic machine that processes raw data into information, does arithmetic and logical operations, and produces an output at high speeds based on the input provided by the user. Computer System  Computer System A computer system refers to the combination of hardware, software, and peripheral devices that work together to take user input, process it, and produce an output. It includes not only the physical devices but also the programs and systems that allow these devices to communicate and function together. 4 MAIN ELEMENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM  Hardware Central Processing Unit (CPU) Memory (RAM) Storage Devices (Hard Drives, SSDs)  Hardware graphics processing unit (GPU)  Hardware Output Devices (Monitor, Printer), Peripheral Devices (USB Drives, External Hard Drives). Input Devices (Keyboard, Mouse)  Software Programs and instructions MENU FILE EDIT BOOKMARKS HISTORY VIEW OPTIONS HELP http://website.com that tell the hardware what tasks to perform. It includes system software like operating systems (Windows, macOS) and application software (web browsers, word processors).  Data The raw information input into the system, which is processed to become useful. Data can come in various forms – text, images, videos, numbers.  Users The people who interact with the computer system, providing input and receiving output. Users can range from individuals using a personal computer to professionals managing large data centers. CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM SPEED DATA MANAGEMENT ACCURACY AND DATA ANALYSIS DILIGENCE CONNECTIVITY VERSATILITY RELIABILITY MULTITASKING AUTOMATION SECURITY AND PRIVACY STORAGE AND GRAPHICS PROCESSING RETRIEVAL UNIT (GPU) SPEED SPEED A computer can process millions (1,000,000) of instructions per second. The time taken by computers for their operations is microseconds and nanoseconds. Hence, a computer works with high speed during the execution of Mathematical & logical computations. SPEED Computer is a time-saving device Tasks that would take a human hours or days to complete, like complex calculations or data processing, can be done in seconds or minutes by a computer.  ACCURACY Computers perform calculations with 100% accuracy. Errors may occur due to data inconsistency or inaccuracy. High accuracy indicates that a computer performs its tasks correctly and produces reliable results.  ACCURACY 100% accuracy depends on the algorithm, data quality, hardware connectivity, and inherent uncertainties in the tasks. GIGO Principle: This stands for “Garbage In, Garbage Out.” If the data or instructions given to a computer are faulty, the output will also be flawed.  DILIGENCE A computer can perform millions of tasks or calculations with the same consistency and accuracy, making them highly reliable for repetitive tasks. It doesn’t feel any fatigue or lack of concentration. DILIGENCE It can work for hours without getting tired.  VERSATILITY Versatility refers to the capability of a computer to perform different kinds of work with the same accuracy and efficiency.  VERSATILITY Hence, a versatile computer can be used for different purposes. A versatile computer can support Software Compatibility, Operating System Support, Programming and Development, Multi- Tasking, Internet Connectivity, Media Handling, Hardware Compatibility, and Customization, and can manage different types of applications and workloads  VERSATILITY Computer is adaptable to different tasks and industries, making them a central part of many professions and everyday life. RELIABILITY A computer is reliable as it gives consistent results for a similar set of data i.e., if we give the same set of input any number of times, we will get the same result. RELIABILITY Reliability is important to ensure safety, data integrity, and continuous operation. RELIABILITY The reliability of a computer can be measured using Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF), Mean Time to Failure (MTTF), Mean Time to Repair (MTTR), Availability (proportion of time a system is operational and accessible), and Failure Rate, Fault Tolerance(continuity of functioning even in the presence of hardware or software faults). RELIABILITY AUTOMATION The computer performs all the tasks automatically i.e. it performs tasks without manual intervention. The main aim of automation is to improve efficiency, accuracy, and consistency in different processes by reducing manual intervention in the system.  AUTOMATION Automation can lead to increased productivity, reduced errors, and cost savings. STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL Memory is a storage device that stores data. The beauty of a computer is that executes the data in primary memory (RAM) whenever required. On the other side, data can be permanently stored in the secondary memory (Hard Disk) for a long time and a user can access it whenever required; it does not delete the data until a user deletes it. STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL Think of the computer's storage like a library. RAM is like the table where you lay out the books you're reading, while the hard disk is like the shelves where all the books are stored. RAM HDD SSD STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL Unit Equivalent Storage 0 or 1 Binary Bit capacity is 4 bits 1 nibble measured in 8 bits (2 nibble) 1 Byte terms of KB, 1024 Bytes 1 Kilo Bytes MB, GB, TB, PB, 1024 Giga Byte 1 Tera Byte EB, etc. 1024 Tera Byte 1 Peta Byte 1024 Peta Byte 1 Exa Byte 1024 Exa Byte 1 Yotta Byte DATA MANAGEMENT AND DATA ANALYTICS Data can be in various forms in the digital world, such as text, numbers, images, audio, and video. A computer may process and manipulate this data efficiently and provide insightful results from data. The analytical results are used in decision-making and are useful to frame the strategies for the organizations. DATA MANAGEMENT AND DATA ANALYTICS A computer can quickly sort, analyze, and present the data in a way that's easy to understand, helping businesses make informed decisions.  CONNECTIVITY The connectivity of computers enables data communication, resource sharing, and remote access to information and services.  CONNECTIVITY Computers are capable of connecting to other systems and networks, allowing data to be shared and accessed remotely. Connectivity enables communication between systems and access to resources like the internet or cloud services. Computers can connect through local networks (LAN) or wide-area networks (WAN), and the internet allows global access to data and resources.  CONNECTIVITY Connectivity enables collaboration, remote access to information, and global communication, making the world more interconnected.  MULTITASKING Modern computer systems support multitasking, which means parallel execution of tasks. During the multitasking process, the processor rapidly switches between tasks, giving the illusion of simultaneous execution. Multicore processors enable simultaneous execution of multiple tasks.  MULTITASKING Multicore processors enable simultaneous execution of multiple tasks. MULTITASKING Multitasking improves productivity and efficiency by allowing users to run several programs without noticeable slowdowns.  SECURITY AND PRIVACY Computers are equipped with various security measures to protect data and systems from unauthorized access, cyberattacks, and breaches. SECURITY AND PRIVACY Security features in computers are like locks on your front door. They help keep intruders out and protect your valuable information. Techniques like encryption scramble your data so that even if someone intercepts it, they can't read it without the proper key. Other measures like biometric authentication (fingerprints, facial recognition) add an extra layer of security. GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNIT (GPU) The GPU is a specialized hardware component designed for handling complex graphical tasks, such as rendering images, videos, and animations. GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNIT (GPU) GPUs manage graphical tasks like gaming, multimedia, and computational-related things like AI and machine learning. GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNIT (GPU) Think of the GPU as a specialized artist in the computer world. While the main processor (CPU) handles general tasks, the GPU is designed to handle the heavy lifting required for graphics and video processing. This is especially important for gaming, video editing, and running applications that require intensive visual computations, like virtual reality or AI training models. GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNIT (GPU) A powerful GPU can significantly improve a computer's performance in visual and computational tasks, making it ideal for both creative professionals and researchers in fields like artificial intelligence.