منظمة اإلالمتحدة البحرية الدولية (IMO) PDF

International maritime organization The purposes of the organization are : To provide machinery for cooperation among governments in shipping engaged in international trade To facilitate the adoption of international standards for maritime safety, navigation efficiency and marine pollution contr...

International maritime organization The purposes of the organization are : To provide machinery for cooperation among governments in shipping engaged in international trade To facilitate the adoption of international standards for maritime safety, navigation efficiency and marine pollution control To deal with administrative and legal matters related to these purposes Assembly Council highest governing body The executive organ of IMO Consist of all member states Elected by assembly for two-year meets once every two years Consists of 40 member states, divided into three categories Assembly is responsible for : Category (a) 10 state with the largest interest in providing international Approving the work programmed Shipping services Voting on the budget Council is responsible for : Electing the council Supervising the work of the organization between sessions of the assembly Coordinate the activities within the organization Performs all the functions of the assembly except the function of making recommendations  Committee Maritime safety committee ( MSC ) Marine environment protection committee(MEPC) The highest technical body responsible for maritime safety standards and regulations Empowerd to address maritime pollution prevention and control Consist of all member states Legal committee Technical co-operation committee Empowers to deal with any legal matters within the scope of the organization Consider any issue related to the organizations technical cooperation projects And activities Budget. The amount paid by each member state depends on the tonnage of its merchant fleet Convention Means any international agreement relating to maritime matters concluded between two or more states in a written form And embodied in a single instrument or two or more related instruments governed by international law Importance of convention 1- uniformity of maritime law 2 - solve all maritime problems ( such as safety and pollution ) 3- saving the time and expenses of operating ships  Convention procedures Adopting a convention Entry into force Enforcement Adopting convention The suggestion is first made in one of committees The proposal goes to the council and, as necessary to assembly If the assembly authorized, the committee studies the matter in detail and drafts instrument The draft convention is reported to the council and assembly with a recommendation for formal adoption " Comments and revisions " the draft convention is circulated to invited governments and organizations for comments and revisions Agreement and adoption after through examination and revisions, the convention is adopted by the conference Deposit and signature the adopted convention is deposited with the secretary- General, and copies are sent to governments. Entry into force 1- before the convention comes into force it must be accepted formally by individual governments 2 - each convention includes appropriate stipulating conditions 3- These conditions require a certain number of states to agree and own a certain percentage of the world's maritime tonnage 4 - Once the conditions are met ,the convention enters into force for the states which have accepted 5 - After a grace period to allow all states to implement the necessary measures Types of acceptance Explicit acceptance : A state must formally express it's acceptance by sending an official letter to imo secretary. Tacit acceptance : the amendment adopting body sets a time period for contracting parties to either accept, reject, or remain silent, silence signifies acceptance.  ‫تنفيذ ا'تفاقية‬ Enforcement The enforcement of imo convention depends upon the government of member parties 1- contracting government first apply IMO convention rules to their own ships 2- set penalties for acclicable infringements under ( flag state control ) 3- they may have certain limited powers in respect of the ships of other government ( port state control )