World Geography Chapter 14 Test Review PDF

World Geography: Chapter 14 Test Review-- Completed Chapter 14 – 1(England) Identify and Locate: Wales, England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland (these are political regions [or states] of the United Kingdom) Terms: Fertile: able to grow crops; the lowlands of England are “fertile”. Industrial Revolu...

World Geography: Chapter 14 Test Review-- Completed Chapter 14 – 1(England) Identify and Locate: Wales, England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland (these are political regions [or states] of the United Kingdom) Terms: Fertile: able to grow crops; the lowlands of England are “fertile”. Industrial Revolution: happened in England because of coal resources in the Midlands; movement where people stopped making things in homes and started making things in factories by machines. The Steam Engine was important in this development. Ore: rocky material containing a valuable material. Tertiary Economic Activities: services (finance, insurance) Not manufacturing jobs. Estuary: mouth of the river where it floods, wide area ships could sail directly into its port; it was located in the west and there was movement to the west (New World) Euro: currency of the European Union. Ideas: What are reasons why London is an important commercial and trading city? *Because the Thames is an estuary, making trade easier. *Because of its western location. Important as Europeans were expanding to the west—a big, western port made sense. What are the 3 regions of England and how would you describe them? *Highlands: Mountains * Midlands: coal, most of the population of England lives here. *Lowlands: farming. Potential Essay: Why is the Industrial Revolution such an important event in history? Why did it start in England? Chapter 14– 2 (Scotland and Wales) Terms: Moor: Northern England, Scotland a grassy hilly area Bog: swamp, wet grassy area Glen: valley in Scotland Loch: Lake Tweed: textile made from sheep traditional industry Ideas: What are the traditional industries for Scotland, and how have their main industries changed today? Traditional industries in Scotland are mining and shipbuilding. Today, the largest industry is oil development in the North Sea. Economically, why has Wales not done well? How are they trying to change this? Wales has been passed by other countries in terms of technology for mining. They are trying to use tertiary economic activities to replace mining as a major industry. Insurance, etc… Potential Essay: Why do people in Scotland want independence? Why don’t they want independence? Do you think they will gain independence? Why or Why not? (support your opinion with 2 reasons) Chapter 14– 3(The Two Irelands) Terms: Peat: fuel, vegetation that grows in bogs, dried, burned Cultural Divergence: trying to separate Protestants and the Catholics Blight: plant disease that ruined the potatoes, Great Potato Famine, 1 million died, 2 million left the country Ideas: How did the Great Potato Famine affect Ireland? plant disease ruined the potatoes, Great Potato Famine, 1 million died, 2 million left the country What was the Protestant Reformation, and how has it impacted Ireland? Martin Luther didn’t like some of the Catholic ideas (indulgences) and broke off from the Catholic Church. Ireland was mostly Catholic, while the British living in Ireland were Protestant. The 30-year war over whether Northern Ireland should be British, or Irish was called “the Troubles.” Potential Essay: Describe “The Troubles” and give an example of a solution to their situation in Ireland. Chapter 14– 4 (The Nordic Nations) Terms: Fjords: steep valley carved out of cliffs by glaciers Geothermal Energy: energy from the heat of the earth Midnight Sun: long winters and short summers: above the Arctic Circle (66 ½ N), sun never sets in summer(3 ½ months), never rises in the winter (3 ½ months) due to the earth’s tilt at 23 ½ degrees Mixed Economies: an economy which blends (combines) elements of socialism (like government sponsored health care and education) with free enterprise (people owning their own businesses). Norden: the countries of: Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Denmark. Also called Scandinavia or the Nordic Countries. Marine West Coast: the warm currents of the North Atlantic Drift heats the air above the water—when this warm air collides with the normally cool air, the result is a cool, wet climate. Without the North Atlantic Drift, the climate of this region would be much cooler. Ideas: What are the different economic activities of the Nordic Nations? Oil and fishing in the North Sea countries; Farming in southern Sweden and Denmark; Timber and mining in Finland and Sweden. How was the Scandinavian Peninsula influenced by glaciers? Glaciers carved out fjords and dammed up rivers, creating lakes. Potential Essay: List 3 similarities among the Nordic Nations and discuss how these influence why they are such prosperous nations.