Introduction To Criminal Justice Chapter 1 Assignment PDF

**Introduction to Criminal Justice - SOC 170 Brewer** [**CHAPTER 1 Assignment**] **[MULTIPLE CHOICE]** 1\. An act that violates criminal law and is punishable by criminal sanctions is ---- ---------- a. A crime b. A felony c. A tort d. Deviant ---- ---------- 2\. The consens...

**Introduction to Criminal Justice - SOC 170 Brewer** [**CHAPTER 1 Assignment**] **[MULTIPLE CHOICE]** 1\. An act that violates criminal law and is punishable by criminal sanctions is ---- ---------- a. A crime b. A felony c. A tort d. Deviant ---- ---------- 2\. The consensus model is a criminal justice model in which: ---- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ a. the content of criminal law is determined by the groups that hold economic, political, and social power in a community b. a majority of citizens in society agree on what activities should be outlawed and punished as crimes c. specific social groups determine which deviant behaviors are to be defined as criminal d. the primary focus of law is to protect the individual from the power of government ---- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3\. Which of the following is **NOT** one of the components in the integrated definition of crime? ---- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ a. Punishable under criminal law, as determined by the majority of a society or, in some cases, a powerful minority b. Considered an offense against society as a whole and prosecuted by public officials, not by victims and their relatives or friends c. Punishable by statutorily determined sanctions that bring about the loss of personal freedom or life d. Considered an offense against an individual, but prosecuted by the state who is paid by the victim ---- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4\. Which of the following is true regarding deviance? ---- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- a. Deviance is an objective concept that all members of society agree upon b. Deviance is another term used to describe all criminal activity c. Deviance is behavior that is considered to go against the norms established by society d. Deviance is always considered criminal in nature ---- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5\. Federalism refers to: ---- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- a. A system of government dominated by an all-powerful federal government b. A system of checks and balances within the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government c. A system of government in which states are independent and self-governing d. A sharing of government powers by federal and state authorities ---- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6\. Which of the following is not considered an express power? ---- ------------------------------------------- a. The power to coin money b. Police powers c. The power to raise an army d. The power to regulate interstate commerce ---- ------------------------------------------- 7\. Police powers allow states to enact laws necessary to protect the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of their citizens. 8\. What level of law enforcement divides duties between counties and municipalities? ---- ---------- a. Federal b. Local c. National d. State ---- ---------- 9\. Which officers often police a state's natural resources and often oversee its firearm laws? 10\. Wildlife wardens, alcohol and beverage control agents, and fire marshals are examples of law enforcement officers at the \_\_\_\_ level. ---- ----------- a. Municipal b. County c. State d. Federal ---- ----------- 11\. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ investigate most crimes and attempt to deter crime through patrol activities. ---- ------------------------- a. Local police b. Highway patrol officers c. State police agencies d. Federal agencies ---- ------------------------- 12\. Which agency operates throughout the United States? 13\. The United States has a \_\_\_\_ court system. ---- ---------- a. Dual b. Primary c. Single d. Tertiary ---- ---------- 14\. A dual court system means that there are 15\. Once the court system convicts and sentences an offender, she or he is delegated to the \_\_\_\_ system. ---- ------------- a. Corrections b. Management c. Supervision d. Treatment ---- ------------- 16\. The most common correctional treatment, which allows the offender to return to the community and remain under the supervision of the agent of the court, is: ---- -------------------------------- a. House arrest b. Intensive supervised probation c. Parole d. Probation ---- -------------------------------- 17\. Those convicted of minor crimes with relatively short sentences, as well as those awaiting trial or transfer, are held in \_\_\_\_. ---- ------------------- a. Jails b. Parole agencies c. Prisons d. Probation offices ---- ------------------- 18\. \_\_\_\_ house those convicted of more serious crimes with longer sentences. ---- ------------------- a. Jails b. Parole agencies c. Prisons d. Probation offices ---- ------------------- 19\. Counties and municipalities administer \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, while \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_are the domain of federal and state governments. 20\. Community supervision that occurs after release from jail or prison is called: ---- -------------------- a. Management time b. Parole c. Probation d. Supervision period ---- -------------------- 21\. Which of the following is not an example of a community-based sentence? ---- -------------------------- a. Minimum security prisons b. Residential centers c. Halfway houses d. Work-release centers ---- -------------------------- 22\. The ability to choose between and among alternative courses of action is known as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. ---- ------------ a. Choice b. Control c. Discretion d. Power ---- ------------ 23\. Herbert Packer likened the idealized criminal justice system to a(n): ---- --------------------- a. Sports team b. Assembly line c. Tangled bureaucracy d. Obstacle course ---- --------------------- 24\. Which of the following does not occur during the adjudication phase of the criminal justice process? 25\. Which of the following can occur in the prosecution and pretrial services step of the criminal justice process? 26\. During which step in the criminal justice process would the offender plead guilty to a criminal charge? 27\. The informal criminal justice process relies upon the use of: ---- --------------------------------- a. Discretion b. Equal treatment c. Policy-guided decision making d. Statute-defined decision making ---- --------------------------------- 28\. Collectively, the discretionary decisions made by criminal justice professionals are said to produce a/an \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. 29\. What is the ability to make operational decisions based on personal judgment instead of formal rules? 30\. Which of the following is a discretionary decision made by prosecutors? ---- --------------------------------------------- a. The decision to release an inmate on parole b. The decision to issue an arrest warrant c. The decision to convict a defendant d. The decision to reduce charges ---- --------------------------------------------- 31\. What are the moral principles that govern a person's perception of right and wrong? 32\. Which statement below is incorrect? 33\. This model emphasizes the right of society to be protected from crime and violent criminals. 34\. This model emphasizes that the individual is to be protected from the power of the government. 35\. Which of the following is not a psychoactive drug? ---- ----------- a. Marijuana b. Alcohol c. Heroin d. Cocaine ---- ----------- **[CASES]** **Case 1-1** John had a family member who was killed in the 9-11 attacks on the Twin Towers. He really wants to be involved in combating terrorism in the United States. He one day wants to work in law enforcement. He contacts a local police department's recruiting office to learn about job opportunities and speaks with Officer Jones. 36\. Officer Jones explains to John what the crime of terrorism is. Which of the following is true concerning terrorism? 37\. Where will John most likely find a position that is most active in fighting terrorism? 38\. Officer Jones explains to John that local police departments are responsible for the "nuts and bolts" of law enforcement work and are probably not the agencies to conduct full investigations on terrorists. Which would most likely not fall under the responsibilities of a local police department? **Case 1-2** Beth was arrested by the San Francisco Police Department for the crime of burglary. San Francisco is in the state of California. She is charged with a violation of state law. In the state of California, burglary is a felony. 39\. If the prosecutors decide to file formal charges against Beth, which court will Beth appear in? 40\. Who would not be part of the criminal court work group that has the responsibility of determining the innocence or guilt of Beth? 41\. If Beth is found guilty of the crime which of the following would a judge not sentence Beth to? 42\. In which step of the criminal justice system would Beth have her criminal trial? **Case 1-3** Chief Thomas is proud that the crime rates in his city have declined over the past year. Violent, property, and juvenile crimes have decreased. The community feels safer and the city commission wants to authorize more money to go into the crime fighting measures of the police department. 43\. Chief Thomas believes the reduced crime rates are because the department is utilizing a more rigorous enforcement of minor offenses -- such as drunkenness and public disorder. What is this practice known as? 44\. Chief Thomas wants to use the extra funding to increase the use of biometrics in his police department. Which of the following would Chief Thomas not consider biometrics? 45\. While most crime rates have declined Chief Thomas notices that the arrest rates for illegal drug possession and use have increased. He especially notices an increase in the use of illegal psychoactive drugs. He wants to create some type of information pamphlet on psychoactive drugs to distribute to the schools and community centers. Which of the following would not be discussed in this pamphlet on psychoactive drugs? **[TRUE/FALSE]** 1\. The Consensus model assumes that as people gather together to form a society, its members naturally come to a basic agreement with regard to shared norms and values. TRUE 2\. According to the Conflict model, different segments of society have different value systems and shared norms and are engaged in a constant struggle to control society. TRUE 3\. Deviance is an objective concept; society agrees on which behaviors should be criminalized FALSE 4\. Society is static and its concept of criminality remains the same. FALSE 5\. Different societies can have vastly different ideas of what constitutes criminal behavior. TRUE 6\. The two most common models of how society decides which acts are criminal are the crime control and due process model. TRUE 7\. Morals are principles of right and wrong behavior, as practiced by individuals or by society. TRUE 8\. In some instances criminal law can be determined by a powerful minority. FALSE 9\. In very personal crimes like rape and assault, victims and relatives are able to prosecute the offender instead of public officials. FALSE 10\. All deviant acts are criminal and all crimes are deviant. FALSE 11\. Justice is an easy concept to define. FALSE 12\. Under the concept of federalism, government powers are shared by the federal government and the states. FALSE 13\. The bulk of all police officers are employed at the federal level. FALSE 14\. The chief law enforcement officer of most counties is the chief of police. FALSE 15\. The scope and size of the federal government's participation in the criminal justice system has expanded over the past several decades. TRUE 16\. The United States has a dual court system; that is, we have two independent judicial systems, one on the federal level and one on the state level. TRUE 17\. Probation is the most common correctional treatment. TRUE 18\. The most frequent type of release from a jail or prison is probation, in which an inmate, after serving part of his term in a correctional facility, is allowed to serve the rest of his term in the community. FALSE 19\. Discretion is most associated with the informal criminal justice process. TRUE 20\. Fairness, not efficiency, is the ultimate goal of the due process model. TRUE