Propaganda Analysis PDF

Lasswell’s formula : Why ? Com pay more attention to : what it happens ? Propaganda message that we sends bc we want to convince million of people -The masses- 19c : worries about the masses, they wanted to keep the mass in line —> rise of propaganda as a social force tied to the sawn of the « ma...

Lasswell’s formula : Why ? Com pay more attention to : what it happens ? Propaganda message that we sends bc we want to convince million of people -The masses- 19c : worries about the masses, they wanted to keep the mass in line —> rise of propaganda as a social force tied to the sawn of the « mass society » Propaganda is sort of the alternative, we cannot use village to keep people happy, propaganda is sort of like rising new force. wich on one hand to polities and other hand trying to keep the masses calm. Propaganda also use it propel democracy even today. Democracy use propaganda to mobilise its people. Its precisely by showing the horrible thing that propaganda has achieve that it show of powerful propaganda is. -World war I- Politician, gov, realize just how powerful propaganda is as a tull in modern politics. We need new soldiers every weeks to go to the front and at the same time we need to produce more and more bullet but also keep people happy. Economic rise by 30% —> propaganda ( ex : we pay you that mount of money and then you go to the war ) Propaganda change the norm —> women go to work bc there is no man left to work Russia propaganda : 1970 Russian revolution, the Tsar is seen as the most powerful leaders in Europe. One of the drawing forces in russia was propaganda, how they used it make it so powerful. Use of slogans, key word in uence us and Europe. -World War II- That puts just what you can achieve propaganda in full display. The horrible things achieve in ww2 through propaganda, and people were okay with it —> show impactful propaganda can be. Propaganda is purely emotional, instinctive, symbolic. Nazi’s parti : use of slogan, symbole, promises of better life, use of art to make the enemy perverted, horrible. Caricatures of jewish people. -What is propaganda ?- fl  Laswell’s —> Opinions or actions deliberately expressed in order to in uence the opinion and actions of others via psychological manipulation, with predetermined goals in mind Jowett & O’Donnell —> the deliberate and systematic attempt to shape perceptions, manipulate cognitions, and direct behaviour to achieve a response that furthers the desired intent of the propagandist Propaganda is unilateral, is done by a powerful actor to a passive subject. The audience just seat there and have to accepte what happened to them. Propaganda has the e ect of « magic bullet », you were target and if your hit you can do nothing about it. Its a psychological e ect, it in uence/control your mind, its about manipulating people. Propaganda is systematic, it locks you in a cage, one of the core trade in propaganda, it doesn’t leave any escape. P is partisan, its smt that somebody unilateraly impose on you, speci c view on people. It has a negative connotation, it really impose on you, its only serve the goal of the seller. Ex : Burger King pub : associated sex and food to marketing —> its impose on you Ex : Qatar football World Cup 2022 -Sociological propaganda & capitalist realism- P is not just an advertisement in political com, it’s actually everywhere. Sociological propaganda : are we okay with this…that ? We have a very speci c bond of structure, religions, relations bt men and woman, di erent orientation, di erent ethnicities. The reason why we are okay with things it because of social propaganda. Which is everywhere, in cinema, television, school… Ex : stereotypes with Christmas : Mark sher : called this phenomen —> capitalism realism So powerful that it easier to imagine the end of the world that the end of the economy/capitalism -Behaviourism- ff fi ff fi ff ff fl fi fl  Strongly inspire by psychology, human behavior inspire by « stimulus- response model » : results of biological mechanism that is activated in response to a given, external stimulus Behaviorist : the mechanism can be exploit Ex : bonus point (stimulus) and then your happy (response) If I promise you a bonus point my hope is that you will study for it. Depend on the stimulus you will adjust your response. Operant conditioning : you associate the sticker and the bonus point —> repetition of it Because we associated things with another thing that make us feel happy, angry… If every time you promise… and blame sme, you show the symbole and the symbole will trigger the response. Ex : when Donald trump promise to make America great again using red cap, after while to trigger a reaction to promise you will just need to use the red cape and not bring the promises again. The public can’t stop this, there is not active thinking in this. P + B powerful bc its homogenous Pavlov e ect : lacks a cognitive component, focuses on emotions and impulse and instinct feelings. Ex : if you give the dog a friandise and ringing a bell, then after many repetition, when the dog will hear the bell he will happy even if you did’t give if a friandise. People under propaganda they don’t necessarily believe with their heart the leader there just in uence by him. Psychological crystallization : latent, vague, imprecise, repressed tendencies can become strong, powerful, dominant impulses under the e ect of propaganda Alienation : people become someone who they are not -Domenach’s principles of political propaganda- ⁃ The rule of simpli cation and singular, unique enemy : Good propaganda is simple and concise, make the enemy terrible ⁃ The rule of exaggeration and de guration : Good : virtuous amazing (take o his bad sides) and the enemy is terrible, evil ( take only his bad sides) ⁃ The rule of orchestration : Repeating the same thing over and over again : ex : migrants are bad ⁃ The rule of transfusion : Good propaganda takes elements that already there and build on preexistence beliefs, opinion ⁃ The rule of unanimity and contagion : ff fl fi ff fi ff Everybody speak in line, propaganda builds on people’s tendency towards conformism. Everybody have to conform and people who can’t be persuade we need them to be quiet. -Propaganda in the digital era- More easier to manipulate people trough internet, social media Participatory propaganda is easily ampli ed (bots, participants) Participatory propaganda can be segmented, targeted, and even personalized Participatory propaganda allows the propagandist to obscure the source of the message -Disinformation- Ai and sociale media —> harder to gurate what is actually true, it makes manipulation easier than before. Today propaganda use a lot fake new and desinformations fi fi