Ch. 2 The Blood 2024 - Physiology PDF

Physiology (0603302) Ch.2 Blood Summer Semester-203/2024 Dr. Mohammad A. Abedal-Majed School of Agriculture The University of Jordan 1 You CAN DO...

Physiology (0603302) Ch.2 Blood Summer Semester-203/2024 Dr. Mohammad A. Abedal-Majed School of Agriculture The University of Jordan 1 You CAN DO IT Dr. Mohamed Abedal-Majed (18-2-2023) 1  Blood Liquid connective tissue circulating through blood vessels by the pumping action of the heart. Functions: 1. Transportation: A. Transport nutrients (AA, lipid and glucose), hormones and oxygen to cells B. Transport wastes and carbon dioxide away from cells 2. Regulation: A.pH buffering : 7:35-7:45 What are the role of hydrogen ion and bicarbonate ions?? B. Body temperature (Water and vasodilation of surface vessels dump heat) 3. Protection: A. Clot formation; minimize blood loss when a blood vessel is damaged B. Protection against foreign substance (Antibodies and WBC’s) 2 You CAN DO IT Dr. Mohamed Abedal-Majed (18-2-2023)  Characteristics of Blood  Blood volume:  Males: 5 – 6 liters depending on the size and the gender of the individual  Females: 4 – 5 liters As the size of the body increases , the volume of blood ………. Male have …………blood volume than female  Color: It is red. The grade of redness depends on the degree of oxygenation - Arterial system is bright red (High level of O2); - Venous blood is darker (blood is darker which has given up much of its oxygen in tissues) (That is why it almost close to bluish shadow in the vein)  PH: (7.35-7.45) Venous blood normally has lower PH than does atrial blood ??(Why) You CAN DO IT Dr. Mohamed Abedal-Majed (18-2-2023) 3  Blood Composition 1. Cellular portion (formed elements) Lower portion in the tube (Buffy coat +RBC) 2. Fluid portion (plasma). Upper portion in the tube The average adult has a blood volume of roughly 5 liters The blood plasma volume totals of 2.7-3.0 liters' in an average human You CAN DO IT Dr. Mohamed Abedal-Majed (18-2-2023) 4  Components of blood A-plasma (non-cellular component; 55% of total blood volume) (Fluid portion) 1-H2O ~ 91-92% Transport medium: for materials being carried in the blood) Carries heat: plasma absorb and distribute much of the heat generated metabolically within tissues, as blood travels close to the surface of the skin 2-proteins ~ 6-8% ( responsible for ↑ viscosity compared to H2O??, responsible for the yellow color. They are synthesized in the liver a-albumin (60%) (maintain blood volume and blood pressure ;transport protein and steroid hormones) b-globulins (35%) ( alpha and beta : transport hydrophobic lipids and fat soluble vitamins, ions and hormones; Gamma: Antibody; Immunity) c-fibrinogen (4%) (coagulation protein) d- regulatory proteins (