Invertebrate Circulatory Systems PDF

Textbook Reference: Invertebrates with Closed Circulatory Systems Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding 44. If a squid and a fish both double cardiac output during exercise, circulatory oxygen delivery to the tissues in _______ will _______. a. both animals; remain the same b. both animals; double c....

Textbook Reference: Invertebrates with Closed Circulatory Systems Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding 44. If a squid and a fish both double cardiac output during exercise, circulatory oxygen delivery to the tissues in _______ will _______. a. both animals; remain the same b. both animals; double c. the fish; be higher than in the squid d. the squid; be higher than in the fish Answer: c Textbook Reference: Invertebrates with Closed Circulatory Systems Bloom’s Category: 3. Applying 45. Small spaces among cells of nonvascular organs and tissues are called a. lacunae. b. sinuses. c. ostia. d. interstitia. Answer: a Textbook Reference: Invertebrates with Open Circulatory Systems Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering 46. Which statement regarding the lobster circulatory system is false? a. Hemolymph returns through holes in the heart called ostia. b. All vessels connected to the heart are arteries. c. The primary force that refills the heart is elastic rebound. d. There is a clear distinction between blood and interstitial fluid. Answer: d Textbook Reference: Invertebrates with Open Circulatory Systems Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding © 2016 Sinauer Associates, Inc. 47. This circulatory plan belongs to which group of animals? a. Cephalopod molluscs b. Invertebrates c. Fish d. Decapod crustaceans Answer: d Textbook Reference: Invertebrates with Open Circulatory Systems Bloom’s Category: 3. Applying 48. The most oxygenated blood would be found a. at I. b. just exiting the structure at II. c. at III. d. just exiting the structure at V. Answer: d Textbook Reference: Invertebrates with Open Circulatory Systems Bloom’s Category: 3. Applying 49. The wavy boundaries at I and III represent the a. lack of vessels in the systemic tissues. b. gills. c. venous system. d. branchio-pericardial sinuses. Answer: a Textbook Reference: Invertebrates with Open Circulatory Systems Bloom’s Category: 3. Applying 50. The blood circulation of crustaceans is _______ than that of fish primarily because of _______. a. faster; lower resistance b. faster; higher pressure c. slower; lower pressure d. slower; higher resistance Answer: a Textbook Reference: Invertebrates with Open Circulatory Systems Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding Short Answer © 2016 Sinauer Associates, Inc. © 2016 Sinauer Associates, Inc. © 2016 Sinauer Associates, Inc. Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding ONLINE QUIZ QUESTIONS 1. In the human heart, oxygenated blood is carried from the lungs to the heart by the a. vena cava. b. aorta. c. pulmonary veins. d. pulmonary arteries. Answer: c Textbook Reference: Hearts Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding 2. Cardiac output is directly proportional to a. heart rate. b. stroke volume. c. blood pressure. d. both heart rate and stroke volume. Answer: d Textbook Reference: Hearts Bloom’s Category: 3. Applying 3. The hearts of vertebrates are myogenic, meaning that a. neurons control the inherent pace of the heart. b. the myocardium is compact and therefore has a coronary circulation. c. the impulse to contract originates within the muscle tissue. d. there is a cardiac conduction system. Answer: c Textbook Reference: Hearts Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering 4. The QRS complex arises from ventricular a. depolarization. © 2016 Sinauer Associates, Inc. b. contraction. c. repolarization. d. diastole. Answer: a Textbook Reference: Hearts Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering 5. Mean blood pressure in the brain of a standing person is _______ the blood pressure at the heart. a. higher than b. lower than c. exactly the same as d. approximately the same as Answer: b Textbook Reference: Principles of Pressure, Resistance, and Flow in Vascular Systems Bloom’s Category: 3. Applying 6. Which property has the greatest effect on the flow of liquid through a tube? a. Pressure difference b. Viscosity of the liquid c. Length of the tube d. Radius of the tube Answer: d Textbook Reference: Principles of Pressure, Resistance, and Flow in Vascular Systems Bloom’s Category: 3. Applying 7. Flow rate equals the difference in blood pressure between the entry of the vascular system and the exit vessels, divided by a. the viscosity. b. vascular resistance. c. the viscosity multiplied by radius4. d. radius4. Answer: b Textbook Reference: Principles of Pressure, Resistance, and Flow in Vascular Systems Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering 8. Which statement comparing the circulatory systems in mammals and birds is true? a. Birds have far smaller hearts per gram. b. Mammals have, on average, higher systolic blood pressures. c. Mammals have a higher pressure systemic circuit. d. Birds and mammals have essentially identical circulatory systems. Answer: d Textbook Reference: Circulation in Mammals and Birds Bloom’s Category: 5. Evaluating 9. In which vessel(s) is there a lack of pressure pulse? © 2016 Sinauer Associates, Inc. a. Large arteries, terminal arteries, and arterioles b. Terminal arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and venules c. Capillaries, venules, and veins d. Venules and veins Answer: c Textbook Reference: Circulation in Mammals and Birds Bloom’s Category: 3. Applying 10. Which vessels of the systemic vascular system have the highest total cross-sectional area? a. Arterial vessels b. Capillary beds c. Venous vessels d. Both arteries and veins have equal areas. Answer: b Textbook Reference: Circulation in Mammals and Birds Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding 11. In a mammal, blood pressure is lowest in the a. arterioles. b. capillaries. c. venules. d. veins. Answer: d Textbook Reference: Circulation in Mammals and Birds Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding 12. Excessive protein in the blood plasma will _______ the loss of fluid through the capillaries. a. increase b. decrease c. have no effect on d. increase, and then decrease Answer: b Textbook Reference: Circulation in Mammals and Birds Bloom’s Category: 3. Applying 13. When a mammal exercises, oxygen delivery is increased by a. increased blood flow. b. the extraction of more O2 per unit volume. c. increased blood flow and the extraction of more O2 per unit volume. d. increased blood flow, the extraction of more O2 per unit volume, and a lowering of resistance in the systemic vasculature. Answer: d Textbook Reference: Circulation in Mammals and Birds Bloom’s Category: 3. Applying © 2016 Sinauer Associates, Inc. 14. In _______, there is no separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood at the heart. a. a teleost fish b. a lungfish c. amphibians d. reptiles Answer: a Textbook Reference: Circulation in Fish Bloom’s Category: 3. Applying 15. The chambers of the teleost fish heart are the a. atria and the ventricles. b. atria, ventricles, and bulbus arteriosus. c. sinus venosus, atrium, and ventricles. d. sinus venosus, atrium, ventricle, and bulbus arteriosus. Answer: d Textbook Reference: Circulation in Fish Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering 16. In a fish that has an air-breathing organ, a. there are not likely to be functioning gills. b. the blood leaving the air-breathing organ mixes with blood leaving the gills. c. the blood leaving the air-breathing organ mixes with systemic venous blood. d. the blood enters the air-breathing organ following its exit from the gills. Answer: c Textbook Reference: Circulation in Fish Bloom’s Category: 5. Evaluating 17. Among nonavian reptiles, crocodilians are unique because they a. have birdlike blood pressures. b. have hearts that are large relative to their mass. c. can shunt blood. d. have a complete ventricular septum. Answer: d Textbook Reference: Circulation in Amphibians and in Reptiles Other than Birds Bloom’s Category: 3. Applying 18. Which statement about squid is false? a. Their systemic heart receives largely deoxygenated blood. b. Their systemic heart is myogenic. c. Blood enters the systemic heart from the gills. d. Branchial hearts pump blood through the gills. Answer: a Textbook Reference: Invertebrates with Closed Circulatory Systems Bloom’s Category: 5. Evaluating © 2016 Sinauer Associates, Inc. 19. In crustacean circulatory systems, deoxygenated blood from the tissues enters the heart via a. ostia. b. the cardinal veins. c. the dorsal abdominal artery. d. the dorsal abdominal vein. Answer: a Textbook Reference: Invertebrates with Open Circulatory Systems Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding 20. Which statement about the insect circulatory system is true? a. Insects have a closed circulatory system and a tracheal system for delivering O2. b. Insects have an open circulatory system and a tracheal system for delivering O2. c. Insects have an open circulatory system and a derived lung for delivering O2. d. Insects have a closed circulatory system and solely a diffusion-based system for delivering O2. Answer: b Textbook Reference: Invertebrates with Open Circulatory Systems Bloom’s Category: 2. Understanding © 2016 Sinauer Associates, Inc.