CH 1+2 Questions Barrons PDF

## Figure 4.14 DNA molecule ### **MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS** 1. A solution with a pH of 2 is ____ times more acidic than one with a pH of 5. (A) 3 (B) 10 (C) 100 (D) 1,000 (E) 10,000 2. All of the following are correct about enzymes EXCEPT (A) the mechanism by which enzymes work is known as loc...

## Figure 4.14 DNA molecule ### **MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS** 1. A solution with a pH of 2 is ____ times more acidic than one with a pH of 5. (A) 3 (B) 10 (C) 100 (D) 1,000 (E) 10,000 2. All of the following are correct about enzymes EXCEPT (A) the mechanism by which enzymes work is known as lock and key (B) they are proteins (C) they denature at high temperatures (D) they are assisted by vitamins and minerals (E) enzymes are not degraded during a reaction 3. All of the following are correct about water EXCEPT (A) water is a molecule (B) there is little attraction between water molecules (C) the covalent bonds between oxygen and hydrogen are polar or unbalanced (D) the reason that water and lipids do not mix is because water is a polar molecule while lipids are nonpolar (E) water has a relatively high heat of vaporization because of strong intermolecular attractions 4. Which is NOT a characteristic of water? (A) Water has a high specific heat. (B) Water has a high heat of vaporization. (C) Water exhibits strong cohesion tension. (D) Water is less dense than ice. (E) Water is known as a universal solvent. 5. The pH of blood in humans (A) is lowest at birth and gradually increases with age up to a maximum level (B) is different for men and women (C) varies with the activity level of the individual (D) is highest at birth and gradually decreases to a minimum level (E) is normally 7.4 and resists change at all times 6. Which of the following is not a carbohydrate? (A) Glucose (B) Lactose (C) Insulin (D) Starch (E) Sucrose 7. Which of the following is not a polysaccharide? (A) Cellulose (B) Glycogen (C) Chitin (D) Glycerol (E) Starch 8. Which of the following is correctly matched? (A) Proteins-nucleotides (B) Lipids-glycerol (C) Carbohydrates-amino acids (D) DNA-glucose (E) None of the above is correctly matched. ### Questions 9–15 Choose from these structural formulas below. **(A)** ``` CH₂OH C O H H C OH H OH C C H OH H H ``` **(B)** ``` H N-C-C H CH3 O OH ``` **(C)** ``` H H H H H C-C-C-C-C H H H H OH H ``` **(D)** ``` H C-OH H C-OH H C-OH H ``` **(E)** ``` T SUGAR P ``` 9. This is a monosaccharide. 10. This is necessary for growth and repair of tissue. 11. This combines with fatty acids to form lipids. 12. This is used as a quick energy source. 13. This is linked to cardiovascular disease. 14. This is an important part of any protein. 15. This consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base. ### **Questions 16–18** Match the description to the property of water. (A) Water exhibits strong cohesion tension. (B) Water has a high heat of vaporization. (C) Water has a high specific heat. (D) Ice is less dense than water. (E) Water is a universal solvent. 16. Water moves up tall trees because this is true. 17. Sweating is a cooling process because of this characteristic of water. 18. Fish can live through the winter in a lake that has ice floating on the surface. 19. Isotopes differ from each other only in (A) the number of electrons (B) the number of protons (C) the number of neutrons (D) how they react chemically (E) the size of the atom 20. All of the following are correct about enzymes EXCEPT (A) enzymes are organic catalysts (B) enzymes lower the energy of activation (C) enzymes are assisted by cofactors (D) enzymes are affected by changes in temperature but not changes in pH (E) enzymes are larger than the substrates they work on 21. A polysaccharide found in plants whose function is storage is (A) starch (B) glycogen (C) chitin (D) glucagon (E) cellulose 22. Enzymes function because of their particular shape or conformation. Which level of protein structure is most directly responsible for the shape of a protein? (A) Primary (B) Secondary (C) Tertiary (D) Quaternary (E) Cannot be determined 23. The radioisotope I-131 is used to diagnose and treat diseases of the (A) brain (B) thyroid (C) pancreas (D) lungs (E) stomach ### **MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS** ### **Questions 1–3** Choose from the terms below. (A) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (B) Nucleolus (C) Ribosomes (D) Lysosomes (E) Golgi apparatus 1. The site of protein production 2. Found in large quantities in white blood cells and other phagocytosing cells 3. The site of RNA production 4. Which of the following would most likely be the diameter of a eukaryotic cell? (A) 1.0 µm (Β) 100 μm (C) 1000 μm (D) 1.0 nm (E) 10 nm 5. One difference between a plant cell and an animal cell is (A) only plant cells have chloroplasts while only animal cells have mitochondria (B) only plant cells have large vacuoles (C) only animal cells have nucleoli (D) only animal cells have plasma membranes (E) animal cells form a cleavage furrow when they divide 6. All of the following are true of the electron microscope EXCEPT (A) the resolution is greater than that using a light microscope (B) the magnification can be greater than 100,000× (C) living specimens can be studied in great detail (D) a narrow beam of electrons forms an image (E) it takes hours to prepare a specimen for viewing 7. All of the following are correct about prokaryotes EXCEPT (A) they have one chromosome (B) they contain ribosomes (C) they are smaller than eukaryotic cells (D) they can be either anaerobic or aerobic (E) they contain small mitochondria 8. The phase-contrast microscope (A) uses a beam of electrons to form an image (B) was developed by Robert Hooke (C) was developed by Anton van Leeuwenhoek (D) is commonly used to study genes (E) is useful in examining unstained, living tissue 9. Which would be best to study the structure of thousands of mitochondria? (A) Dissecting instruments and the scanning electron microscope (B) Dissecting instruments and the transmission electron microscope (C) Ultracentrifuge and the transmission electron microscope (D) Ultracentrifuge and the scanning electron microscope (E) Dissecting tools and the light microscope 10. What would occur if a plant cell were placed into a strong hypertonic solution? (A) Nothing would happen because the cell wall would prevent any movement of water or salt. (B) It would shrink because water would flow toward the more concentrated solution. (C) It would swell because salt would flow into the cell. (D) It would shrink because water would flow into the cell. (E) It would swell because water and salt would flow down the gradient and into the cell. 11. Which process requires energy? (A) Passive diffusion (B) Facilitated diffusion of calcium through a channel (C) Water flowing into a paramecium in a lake (D) A contractile vacuole removing water from an amoeba (E) Osmosis of water into a cell 12. The ability to respond to stimuli is (A) called irritability (B) called locomotion (C) characteristic of nerve cells only (D) characteristic of multicellular organisms only (E) regulation 13. All of the following are true of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum EXCEPT (A) it connects the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus (B) it detoxifies the cell (C) it synthesizes steroids (D) it manufactures proteins (E) it synthesizes lipids 14. Microtubules (A) form the cleavage furrow in a dividing cell (B) enable an amoeba to send out a pseudopod (C) are made of actin and help support the shape of a cell (D) are hollow tubes that make up cilia and flagella (E) are made of myosin and are key to skeletal muscle contraction 15. "Nine plus two" refers to the (A) configuration of microtubules in cilia and flagella (B) configuration of microtubules in centrioles and spindle fibers (C) configuration of microfilaments in cilia and flagella (D) configuration of microfilaments in centrioles and spindle fibers (E) configuration of myosin filaments in skeletal muscle 16. According to the theory of endosymbiosis, (A) autotrophic cells were the first to evolve (B) heterotrophic cells were the first to evolve (C) chloroplasts evolved from mitochondria (D) mitochondria evolved from chloroplasts (E) chloroplasts and mitochondria evolved when free-living prokaryotes permanently took up residence inside larger prokaryotic cells. 17. The circle below indicates the position of the letter X as seen in the field of your compound light microscope. To get the letter X into the center of the field, you would have to move the slide ``` X O ``` (A) to the right and down (B) to the left and up (C) to the left and down (D) to the right and up (E) it depends on the brand of microscope 18. All of the following are correct about mitochondria EXCEPT (A) they are the site of cellular respiration (B) they contain their own DNA (C) they are the site of photosynthesis (D) they can self-replicate (E) they contain an outer double membrane 19. All of the following are correct about plant cells EXCEPT (A) they usually contain one large vacuole (B) lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes for intracellular digestion (C) they store pigments in chromoplasts (D) they may have secondary cell walls in addition to primary cell walls (E) they have no centrioles 20. Which of the following involves growing living cells? (A) Freeze fracture (B) Freeze-etching (C) Cell fractionation (D) Tissue culture (E) Apoptosis