Biology 1A Exam 1 Questions PDF

Exam 1 Questions Question 1: From these options, which is the strongest chemical bond? A. Hydrophobic interaction B. Covalent bond C. Hydrogen bond D. Van der Waals force Question 2: The two molecules shown in the figures are best described as: A. Chain length isome...

Exam 1 Questions Question 1: From these options, which is the strongest chemical bond? A. Hydrophobic interaction B. Covalent bond C. Hydrogen bond D. Van der Waals force Question 2: The two molecules shown in the figures are best described as: A. Chain length isomers B. Structural isomers C. Cis-trans isomers D. Enantiomers Question 3: An atom consists of 9 protons, 9 neutrons, and 10 electrons. The atom has electrons in its outermost electron shell: A. 2 B. 7 C. 8 D. 6 Question 4: Water: A. Has a low heat of vaporization B. Evaporates and increases body temperature C. Is a relatively poor solvent D. Has cohesive properties E. Is nonpolar Question 5: You disrupt all hydrogen bonds and amino acid R group interactions in a protein. What level of structure will be preserved? A. Primary structure B. Tertiary structure C. Quaternary structure D. Secondary structure Question 6: Which molecule shown below contains a carbonyl group? A. [Molecular structure D] B. [Molecular structure B] C. [Molecular structure A]  D.[Molecular structure C] Question 7: Carbon-14 is used to determine the age of ancient objects. If a sample is 17,190 years old and started out with 1000 mg of Carbon-14, how much Carbon-14 is remaining today? The half-life of Carbon-14 is 5,730 years. A. 62.5 mg B. 250 mg C. 333 mg D. 125 mg E. 500 mg Question 8: The molecule illustrated in the figure is: A. A trans-unsaturated fatty acid B. A cis-unsaturated fatty acid C. A saturated fatty acid D. A carbohydrate E. Stores genetic information Question 9: Which of the following is the process used by the scientific community to ensure the quality of scientific research that is published? A. Deductive reasoning B. Predictions C. Peer-review D. Hypothesis design Question 10: An atom consists of 9 protons, 9 neutrons, and 10 electrons. This atom has a charge of: A. -1 B. -2 C. +1 D. +2 E. 0 (no charge) Question 11: Which functional group is nonpolar? A. Hydroxyl B. Amine C. Carboxyl D. Methyl E. Sulfhydryl Question 12: Which pair of elements would likely have similar valence shells and thus similar chemical behavior? A. Hydrogen and helium B. Sodium and chlorine C. Carbon and nitrogen D. Nitrogen and phosphorus Question 13: In the process of science, which of these is tested? A. A control group B. A result C. An observation D. A hypothesis Question 14: Which of the following is true of the nucleotide shown below? A. It is a pyrimidine nucleotide found in DNA B. It is a pyrimidine nucleotide found in RNA C. It is a purine nucleotide found in DNA D. It is a purine nucleotide found in RNA Question 15: About 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life. Which 4 of these 25 elements make up approximately 96% of living matter? A. Oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, nitrogen B. Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen C. Carbon, sodium, hydrogen, nitrogen D. Carbon, oxygen, phosphorus, hydrogen Question 16: Which of the following statements about the 5' end of RNA is correct? A. The 5' end has a phosphate group attached to the number 5' carbon of ribose. B. The 5' end has a hydroxyl group attached to the number 5' carbon of ribose. C. The 5' end has hydroxyl attached to the number 5' carbon of the nitrogenous base. D. The 5' end has a carboxyl group attached to the number 5' carbon of ribose. Question 17: The most significant role played by pH buffers is to: A. Prevent fluctuations in the salinity of solutions B. Increase the strength of acids and bases C. Keep pH low D. Limit major shifts in the amount of H+ and OH- in solution Question 18: Amino acids are acids because they always possess __ as a functional group:  A. Carboxyl B. Carbonyl C. Amine D. Phosphate Question 19: Why does ice float in liquid water? A. Ice always has air bubbles that keep it afloat. B. The crystalline lattice of ice causes it to be denser than liquid water. C. Hydrogen bonds stabilize and keep the molecules of water in ice farther apart than the water molecules of liquid water. D. The ionic bonds between the molecules in ice prevent the ice from sinking. E. The liquid water molecules have more kinetic energy and thus support the ice. Question 20: Which of the following is the strongest evidence that protein structure and function are correlated? A. Proteins have four distinct levels of structure and many functions. B. Enzymes tend to be globular in shape. C. Proteins function best at certain temperatures. D. Denatured (unfolded) proteins do not function normally. Question 21: Which bond shown below shows a hydrogen bond that is possible? A. [Diagram V] B. [Diagram II] C. [Diagram lll} D. [Diagram lV] E. [Diagram I] Question 22: Which of these classes of biological molecules does NOT form polymers? A. Carbohydrates B. Lipids C. Proteins D. Nucleic acids Question 23: What component of amino acid structure varies among different amino acids? A. The long carbon-hydrogen tails of the molecule B. The glycerol molecule that forms the backbone of the amino acid C. The presence of a central C atom D. The components of the R group Question 24: Which cellular process would you expect to use a hydrolysis reaction?  A. Protein folding B. Synthesis of starch from glucose C. Breakdown of starch into glucose in muscle cells D. Synthesis of DNA polymer Question 25: What characteristic do all lipids share? A. They all have fatty acids B. They all contain glycerol C. They have large hydrophobic regions D. They all have hydrophilic regions Question 26: What is the OH- concentration of a solution with pH 3? A. 10^-3 M B. 3 C. 10^-11 M D. 11 Question 27: Testing a candidate cancer chemotherapy drug for safety before it is approved for marketing is an example of what general type of science? A. Applied B. None of these C. Expedited D. Basic Question 28: Nitrogen (N) is more electronegative than hydrogen (H). Which of the following is a correct statement about the atoms in ammonia (NH3)? A. The nitrogen atom has a partial positive charge; each hydrogen atom has a partial negative charge. B. Ammonia has an overall positive charge. C. Ammonia has an overall negative charge. D. Each hydrogen atom has a partial positive charge; the nitrogen atom has a partial negative charge. Question 29: Thalidomide and L-dopa are examples of pharmaceutical drugs that occur as enantiomers, or molecules that: A. Are mirror images of one another and have the same biological activity B. Are cis-trans isomers C. Have identical three-dimensional shapes D. Are mirror images of one another Question 30: What is a hypothesis?  A. The same thing as an unproven theory B. A fact based on quantitative data that is falsifiable C. A tentative explanation that can be tested and is falsifiable D. A fact based on qualitative data that is testable Question 31: The difference between an aldose sugar and a ketose sugar is: A. The position of the carbonyl group B. The number of carbon atoms C. The position of the hydroxyl groups D. The ring form and the linear chain Question 32: Which of these is an example of inductive reasoning? A. These organisms live in sunny regions. Therefore, they are using photosynthesis. B. If protists are all single-celled, then they are incapable of aggregating. C. Hundreds of individuals of a species have been observed and all are photosynthetic; therefore, the species is photosynthetic. D. If two species are members of the same genus, they are more alike than each of them could be to a different genus. Question 33: Which of the following is a monomer? A. Cellulose B. DNA C. Glucose D. Protein Question 34: Which of the following best describes the difference between starch and cellulose? A. Cellulose is a polymer of beta-glucose and forms cross-linked fibers containing many cellulose polymers that hydrogen bond. Starch is made of alpha-glucose and does not form cross-linked fibers. B. Starch is found in plant cell walls and cellulose is found in animals C. Cellulose functions to store energy, whereas starch has a structural function D. Starch is a polymer of beta-glucose and Cellulose is a polymer of alpha-glucose. Both extensively hydrogen bond to form strong, indigestible fibers. Question 35: Two atoms of hydrogen interact to form a(n): A. Hydrogen bond B. Ionic bond C. Polar covalent bond D. Nonpolar covalent bond Question 36: How many molecules of water are released during the synthesis of a 20 monomer-long cellulose molecule? A. 10 B. 40 C. 19 D. 20 Question 37: Which of the following is true of unsaturated fats? A. They have double bonds in their fatty acid chains. B. They contain more hydrogen than do saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms. C. They are more common in animals than in plants. D. They are generally solid at room temperature. Question 38: Carbon has 4 electrons in its outermost shell and hydrogen has 1 electron in its outermost shell. A carbon atom can form covalent bonds with how many hydrogen atoms? A. 0 B. 3 C. 1 D. 4 Question 39: The figure below shows the structures of glucose and fructose. These two molecules differ in the: A. Arrangement of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms B. Types of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms C. Number of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms D. Number of oxygen atoms joined to carbon atoms by double covalent bonds Question 40: A friend of yours calls to say that his car would not start this morning. He asks for your help. You say that you think the battery must be dead. If so, then jump-starting the car from a good battery will solve the problem. In doing so, you are: A. Testing a theory for why the car will not start B. Making observations to inspire a theory for why the car will not start C. Stating a hypothesis and using that hypothesis to make a testable prediction D. Comparing multiple hypotheses for why the car will not start