Cellular Respiration Summary Notes PDF

4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail Structure of mitochondria and cellular respiration 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail 4.5 Cellular...

4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail Structure of mitochondria and cellular respiration 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail Lactic anaerobic respiration, also known as lactic acid fermentation, is a type of anaerobic respiration used by cells when oxygen is scarce. In this process: Glycolysis: Glucose is first broken down in the cytoplasm through glycolysis, producing two molecules of pyruvate and two molecules of ATP (energy). Conversion to Lactic Acid: When oxygen is unavailable, the pyruvate is converted into lactic acid (or lactate) rather than entering the mitochondria for aerobic respiration. This conversion regenerates NAD ⁺, which is essential for glycolysis to continue and produce more ATP. NADH is not able to enter the ETC to produce more ATP. Energy Yield: Lactic acid fermentation yields only a small amount of energy (2 ATP per glucose molecule), far less than aerobic respiration. Common in Muscle Cells: This process is commonly seen in muscle cells during intense exercise, where oxygen supply can’t keep up with demand, leading to temporary lactic acid buildup and muscle fatigue. Ethyl alchohol fermentation : Starts with glycolysis, where glucose is converted into pyruvate, producing 2 ATP and 2 NADH. In the absence of oxygen, pyruvate is converted into ethanol and CO ₂ to regenerate NAD ⁺ for glycolysis to continue. 4.5 Cellular Respiration in Detail AP practice question and answer key