Carbs and Lipids Quiz handout_Updated.pdf

Carbs and Lipids Quiz Be able to Define: Monosaccharide: A carbohydrate made up of a single sugar residue Disaccharide: A carbohydrate made up of two sugar residues Oligosaccharide: A carbohydrate made up of 3-10 sugar residues Polysaccharide: A car...

Carbs and Lipids Quiz Be able to Define: Monosaccharide: A carbohydrate made up of a single sugar residue Disaccharide: A carbohydrate made up of two sugar residues Oligosaccharide: A carbohydrate made up of 3-10 sugar residues Polysaccharide: A carbohydrate made up of more than 10 sugar residues Aldose: A carbohydrate whose carbonyl group is an aldehyde. Ketose: A carbohydrate whose carbonyl group is a ketone Triose: A carbohydrate made up of 3 carbons (prefix can be tri- to hept-) Lipid: A biological molecule that is largely hydrophobic and thus insoluble in water Fatty Acid: A carboxylic acid with a long hydrocarbon side chain Amphiphillic: A molecule that is both hydrophilic and hydrophobic Amphipathic: A molecule that is both hydrophilic and hydrophobic Saturated: A fatty acid that is fully reduced, thus contains no double (or triple) bonds Unsaturated: A fatty acid containing double bonds Fatty Acid Structures Identify: (i.e. be able to give the common name, when shown full chemical structure) Symbol Common Name Systematic name Structure Saturated Fatty Acids 12:0 Lauric Acid Dodecanoic acid CH3(CH2)10COOH 14:0 Myristic Acid Tetradecanoic acid CH3(CH2)12COOH 16:0 Palmitic Acid Hexadecanoic acid CH3(CH2)14COOH 18:0 Stearic Acid Octadecanoic acid CH3(CH2)16COOH 20:0 Arachidic Acid Eicosanoic acid CH3(CH2)18COOH Unsaturated Fatty Acids 16:1n-7 Palmitoleic acid 9-Hexadecenoic acid CH3(CH2)5CH=CH(CH2)7COOH 18:1n-9 Oleic Acid 9-Octadecenoic acid CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH 18:2n-6 Linoleic Acid 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid CH3(CH2)4(CH=CHCH2)2(CH2)6COOH 18:3n-3 α-Linolenic acid 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid CH3CH2(CH=CHCH2)3(CH2)6COOH 20:4n-6 Arachidonic acid 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid CH3(CH2)4(CH=CHCH2)4(CH2)2COOH 20:5n-3 EPA 5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid CH3CH2(CH=CHCH2)5(CH2)2COOH 22:6n-3 DHA 4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosohexenoic acid CH3CH2(CH=CHCH2)6CH2COOH  Quiz 2: Carbohydrates Structures Identify (i.e. be able to name): Glyceraldehyde Glycerol ethanolamine choline Glucose Galactose Fructose