Textile Fiber Properties - Lecture Notes PDF

**N bvCADS Lecture 6 TEXTILES** I. Companies usually take part in one or more four basic components of textile production a. Within the textile industry, some large corporations are... i. **Vertical integration**- when companies combine activities on two or more lev...

**N bvCADS Lecture 6 TEXTILES** I. Companies usually take part in one or more four basic components of textile production a. Within the textile industry, some large corporations are... i. **Vertical integration**- when companies combine activities on two or more levels of industry chain from fiber to fabric, through use of products ii. **Horizontal Integration**- happens when a firm expands into production of new products that are competitive with older ones- that is integration of production at roughly the same stages in manufacturing process b. Four Areas iii. Fiber Processing iv. Yarn Spinning v. Fabric Production vi. Fabric Finishing c. What Products use textiles?  **-**drive for natural fibers is that they all decompose And go back into the earth **Fibers and Textiles** II. **Service Concepts of Textiles** d. **Serviceability-** describes the measure of a textile products ability to meet consumers needs e. Must understand your target market and relating target market needs to product serviceability f. **Aesthetics**- appearance or attractiveness of textile product vii. Is it pleasing or appropriate for its end use? viii. Make the right statement for target market? g. **Durability**- how a product withstands its use ix. Length of time suitable for ends use---strength? x. Will the consumer be satisfied? h. **Comfort and Safety-** interaction between textile, body, environment xi. Comfort; will it change with wear and use? xii. **Safety-** will it protect your body from harm? 1. Is it safe to wear i. **Appearance Retention-** How will the product retain its appearance during wear and use xiii. How long will it look new? 2. Resistance to soiling, Abrasion, piling, snagging, etc j. **Care-** treatment needed to maintain original appearance and cleanliness xiv. Recommended care procedure? xv. Cost and frequency of care process xvi. Target market preference? There is a whole target that has everything dry cleaned, but k. **Environmental Impact-** effect on the environment of production, use, care, and disposal of textile and production. l. **Sustainability-** Typically describes practices and policies that reduce environment pollutions and do not exploit people or natural resources xvii. Life cycle impact of products m. **Cost-** xviii. Original cost to purchase xix. Maintenance cost to clean press etc. xx. Disposal cost xxi. Reasonable from product (hidden costs) xxii. Importance of cost to consumer **Fiber** III. Smallest Component of a textile fabric n. Base unit of textile structure o. Staple filament fibers p. Natural fibers q. Difference between fiber and fabric r. Textile fibers are at least 100 times longer than their diameter s. Textile fibers need to be strong, flexible and elastic and durable t. Textile fibers can be classified as natural or manmade u. Most freq, fibers are spun into yarn, which is then woven or knitted into fabric IV. The properities of textile fibers are the major determinant of the characteristics and performance pf a finished fiber Fiber Properities - **Length** - Fibers come in two lengths - Staple fibers are short fibers measured in inches and centimeters - Filament Fibers- are ling fibers measured in yards meters and kilos - **Luster** - Referes to the light reflected from a surface - Increased light reflection occurs from a -- flatter cross sectional shape - Matte- light and used more freq - Shiny- bright reflects lots of light - Luster of a manmade fiber can be varied during manufacturing - Yarn structure, finish, and fabric structure can enhance or decrease luster - **Hand** - Is the way the fabric feels to the touch - Tactile characteristics - Physical Shape - The shape oof fiber covers cross section and surface countor, irregulates and the avg length of textile fibers - Drape - A fabric characteristic is the way a fabric falls over a 3d form like a body or table - Filing - Is the formation of balls of fiber on a fabric surface\] - Aesthetically unpleasing - Abrasion Resistance - When a fiber is worn out or damaged when being rubbed against another surface then -