BPMN 1013 Principles of Management Past Paper PDF 2022-2023

## BPMN 1013: Principles of Management Final Examination **CONFIDENTIAL** **UUM** Universiti Utara Malaysia ### FINAL EXAMINATION ### SECOND SEMESTER 2022/2023 SESSION * **COURSE CODE/NAME:** BPMN 1013 / PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT * **DATE:** 15 AUGUST 2023 (TUESDAY) * **TIME:** 02:30 PM - 5:00 PM...

## BPMN 1013: Principles of Management Final Examination **CONFIDENTIAL** **UUM** Universiti Utara Malaysia ### FINAL EXAMINATION ### SECOND SEMESTER 2022/2023 SESSION * **COURSE CODE/NAME:** BPMN 1013 / PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT * **DATE:** 15 AUGUST 2023 (TUESDAY) * **TIME:** 02:30 PM - 5:00 PM (2 ½ HOURS) * **VENUE:** DWN BKACHI, DTSO, INASIS TM **INSTRUCTIONS:** 1. This examination paper contains ONE HUNDRED (100) QUESTIONS in NINETEEN (19) printed pages, excluding the cover page. 2. Answer ALL questions in the OMR paper. 3. Shade your answers on the OMR paper provided. 4. Candidates are NOT ALLOWED to take both exam questions and OMR paper out of the Examination Hall. 5. Candidates are bound by the UUM's RULES AND PROCEDURES ON ACADEMIC FRAUD. * **MATRIC NO.:** * (in words) * (in numbers) * **IDENTIFICATION CARD NO.:** * **LECTURER NAME:** * **GROUP:** * **TABLE NO.:** **DO NOT OPEN THIS EXAMINATION PAPER UNTIL INSTRUCTED** **CONFIDENTIAL** ### **Multiple Choice Questions:** 1. The three components of ______ are affective, cognitive, and behavioral * A. attitudes * B. values * C. personality * D. stress 2. ______ consists of stable psychological traits and behavioural attributes that give a person his or her identity. * A. Character * B. Personality * C. Attitudes * D. Attributions 3. Maslow's levels of needs, in order from lowest (most basic) to highest level, are * A. self-actualization, esteem, love, safety, and physiological. * B. physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization. * C. safety, love, esteem, self-actualization, and physiological. * D. safety, physiological, esteem, love, and self-actualization. 4. To achieve psychological growth, according to the self-determination theory, people need to satisfy the three innate needs: ______, autonomy, and competence. * A. affiliation * B. power * C. relatedness * D. safety 5. ______ perspectives are theories that try to understand the thought processes by which people decide how to act. * A. Process * B. Job design * C. Reinforcement * D. Cognitive 6. The interdisciplinary field of organizational ______ tries to explain and predict workplace behaviour to help managers better lead and motivate others. * A. strategy * B. culture * C. awareness * D. behavior 7. The theory under which people make the choice that promises them the greatest reward if they think they can get it is ______ theory. * A. expectancy * B. goal setting * C. two-factor * D. equity 8. Job ______ involves the division of an organisation's work among its employees and applies motivational theories to jobs to increase satisfaction and performance. * A. simplification * B. design * C. development * D. enlargement 9. ______ is the set of psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behaviour. * A. Reinforcement * B. Motivation * C. Self-determination * D. Productivity 10. Content perspectives, also known as need-based perspectives, include all EXCEPT which one of the following theories? * A. Herzberg's two-factor theory * B. Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory * C. McClelland's acquired needs theory * D. Equity theory 11. As the CEO of Mega Company, Henry poses a vital role to perform. He reviews the company's five-year plan and decides if the company needs any corrective actions. How would you describe his level of control? * A. Operational * B. Tactical * C. Strategic * D. Physical 12. The line managers monitor the assembly employees' efficiency by counting the number of products produced. Such a situation refers to an example of ______ control. * A. output * B. bureaucratic * C. concurrent * D. feedforward 13. The legitimating tactic is a type of tactic that * A. getting others to support your efforts to persuade someone. * B. referring to friendship and loyalty when requesting or asking a friend to do a favor. * C. basing a request on authority or right, organizational rules or policies, or explicit/implied support from superiors. * D. making explicit or implied promises and trading favors. 14. If you have a(n) ______, you believe you control your own destiny. * A. high level of learned helplessness * B. low level of self-efficacy * C. external locus of control * D. internal locus of control 15. ______ is the extent to which people feel secure and unworried. * A. Self-esteem * B. Emotional stability * C. Self-efficacy * D. Locus of control 16. Job ______ is the process of increasing the number of tasks in a job to increase variety and motivation. * A. rotation * B. design * C. enrichment * D. enlargement 17. A(n) ______ is a report listing an organization's employees by name, education, training, languages, and other important information. * A. skills record * B. job analysis * C. human resource inventory * D. employee database 18. A performance appraisal consists of * A. assessing performance and providing feedback. * B. setting standards and monitoring performance. * C. rotating job positions. * D. motivating and monitoring performance. 19. ______ capital is the economic or productive potential of employee knowledge and actions. * A. Human * B. Labour * C. Productivity * D. Social 20. Which of the following is an example of a force for change originating outside the organization? * A. Conflict management * B. Structural reorganization * C. Social and political pressures * D. Absenteeism 21. Which primary function of management is concerned with ensuring the right things happen at the right time in the right way? * A. Planning * B. Organizing * C. Leading * D. Controlling 22. People with ______ exhibit less anxiety, greater motivation, and stronger expectations that effort leads to performance. * A. high self-monitoring * B. an external locus of control * C. high self-efficacy * D. an internal locus of control 23. To gain a competitive edge this year, the upper management of a global IT company has decided to focus on customer service, employee training, and continuous quality improvement. This approach is known as * A. customer focus. * B. total quality management (TQM). * C. evidence-based management. * D. competitive edging. 24. Which control technique do companies use for product enhancement, process automation, and labor cost reduction? * A. Lean Six Sigma * B. Statistical process controls * C. Artificial intelligence * D. Reduced cycle time 25. If Ron oil companies in the Management in Action case could reduce the number of steps necessary to drill for oil, would they utilise which TQM tool, technique, or standard? * A. Outsourcing * B. Statistical process control * C. Six sigma * D. Reduced cycle time 26. Every day, Melisa monitors her department's performance to ensure that daily goals are being implemented and that she is taking any corrective action as needed. Melisa is doing ______ control. * A. strategic * B. functional * C. operational * D. managerial 27. ______ is the process of instituting ongoing small, incremental improvements in all parts of an organization. * A. Productivity * B. Feedback control * C. Strategic mapping * D. Continuous improvement 28. Leadership is the ability to ______ employees to pursue organizational goals voluntarily. * A. influence * B. enhance * C. develop * D. motivate 29. Being a leader means that * A. being visionary and responsible * B. being conscientious and visionary * C. being inspiring and decisively * D. being responsible and inspiring 30. "Have the power of the formal position in the organization which allow them to oversee their subordinate". The following statement refers to what source of power? * A. Reward power * B. Legitimate power * C. Coercive power * D. Informational power 31. Which primary function of management is concerned with ensuring the right things happen at the right time in the right way? * A. Planning * B. Organizing * C. Leading * D. Controlling 32. Which of the following is NOT an inside force that indicates organizational change might be needed? * A. Excessive conflict between managers and employees * B. High levels of stress among employees * C. Increased competition * D. High turnover 33. Rites and rituals are ______. For example, employees of New Belgium Brewery in Fort Collins, Colorado, get a free brewery-hopping trip to Belgium after being employed by the company for five years. * A. the activities and ceremonies that celebrate important occasions and accomplishments in the organization's life * B. company values included in the code of ethics * C. objects, acts, or the quality that conveys meaning to others * D. a narrative based on true events that emphasize a particular value 34. Due to the complexity and severe consequences of mistakes, air traffic controllers must undergo training in an artificial setting that closely mimics actual airport traffic conditions. This type of training is called * A. simulation. * B. apprenticeship. * C. on-the-job * D. role-playing. 35. ______ is the process of locating and attracting qualified applicants for jobs open in the organization. * A. Job posting * B. Recruiting * C. Hiring * D. Selection 36. ______ is (are) another way of describing a vertical hierarchy. * A. An upward graph * B. An X-Y chart * C. A chain of command * D. A network structure 37. Job ______ is the process of increasing the number of tasks in a job to increase variety and motivation. * A. rotation * B. design * C. enrichment * D. enlargement 38. ______ are the two kinds of spans of control. * A. Tall and short * B. Flat and broad * C. Tall and hollow * D. Narrow and wide 39. Which of the following is NOT part of the strategic human resource management process? * A. Recruit and select people. * B. Establish a grand strategy. * C. Negotiate employment contracts. * D. Plan for human resources needs. 40. ______ occurs when people are hired or promoted or denied hiring or promotion for reasons not relevant to the job. * A. Discrimination * B. Bullying * C. A hostile working environment * D. Affirmative action 41. In considering the staffing an organization might need in the future, human resource managers should * A. understand the organization's vision and strategy to hire personnel to support them. * B. hire 10% more people than were needed last year to cover possible growth. * C. assume that the organization will not change much. * D. focus efforts on replacing those who retire or resign. 42. The invention of the machine to make plastic corks for wine bottles has severely affected companies that produce traditional corks. The invention of the machine for making plastic corks is an example of a(n) ______ advancement. * A. market * B. economic * C. demographical * D. technological 43. In the Internet Age, retailers like Amazon and Apple are not constrained by physical shelf space and can offer consumers a much wider variety of products; yet small sales, one or two rather than millions of items at a time, can produce big profits. This development is an example of * A. instant gratification shopping. * B. declining population in developed countries. * C. the rise of business-to-business technology. * D. the marketplace is becoming more segmented and moving toward more niche products. 44. Adam's supervisor noticed that he struggled with the computerized setup for production runs at his new job. The supervisor observed him while he tried it again and suggested improvement. The supervisor is doing which step of the control process? * A. Taking corrective action * B. Establishing standards * C. Comparing performance to standards * D. Measuring performance 45. The management of Zoos Manufacturing is implementing a plan to minimize production mistakes by allowing teams working in each area of the production facility to develop a plan and then monitor their area to reduce errors. The managers are engaging in * A. statistical process control. * B. quality control. * C. continuous improvement. * D. lean management. 46. How is management using controls when they allow decision-making at lower levels and encourage employees to work together in teams? * A. They are adapting to change and uncertainty. * B. They are discovering irregularities and errors. * C. They are detecting opportunities and increasing innovation. * D. They are decentralizing decision-making. 47. After returning home from a trade show, Mr John, the president of a manufacturing company, called a meeting of his production department. Mr John explained that the company would attempt to eliminate defects and repeated mistakes in employee performance through * A. quality assurance. * B: constancy of purpose. * C. restructuring. * D. scientific management. 48. Mei Mei is conducting a meeting to discuss their selection of a project vendor. Mei Mei believes that having her team members present conflicting decisions before choosing one leads to the best decision and saves time in the long run because all options are explored upfront. Mei Mei uses the ______ decision method. * A. brainstorm * B. devil's advocate * C. project post-mortem * D. dialectic 49. Sofia is a supervisor in the Seven Star shop. One of her roles for each month is to review sales data, analyze market opportunities and threats and determines organizational goals and actions for the coming month. Sofia is performing * A. groupthink. * B. decision making. * C. intuition. * D. brainstorming. 50. Which of the following is a sign that a group is suffering from groupthink? * A. Minority dissent is allowed, even encouraged. * B. Peer pressure makes members agree with other people's ideas in the group. * C. The group would instead take the time to come to the right decision rather than agree too quickly on what may be the wrong decision. * D. The group actively considers new ideas, even if these ideas challenge underlying assumptions. 51. As a branch manager, Lisa has the responsibility of choosing suppliers. However, she is faced with multiple choices of suppliers who have the same product at virtually the same price. She also knows there are many more suppliers out there that would be comparable; however, she with a given short amount of time to make up her mind, so she chooses Golden's product. So, what type of decision does this represent? * A. Programmed * B. Confirmation * C. Satisficing * D. Groupthink 52. As Malaysia's first cleaning service provider, Go Clean owns nationwide offices. These offices are self-contained and can cater to the needs of the specific region in which it is located. This is an example of a ______ structure. * A. geographic * B. product * C. functional * D. market 53. Julia's company has only three levels of the chain of command. Besides, their authority also is decentralized. What best describes the company's organizational culture? * A. It limits empowerment. * B. It encourages innovation and autonomy. * C. It rewards cautiousness and minimizing risk. * D. It values obeying authority. 54. Zahra manages a cafe that now offers online ordering and pickup for customers. The number of online orders is increasing, and she is determining how best to allocate tasks among her employees to become more efficient. Zahra is addressing * A. division of labor. * B. job simplification. * C. hierarchy of authority. * D. span of control. 55. As a restaurant owner, Mala is considering adding more organic dishes to her menu. Although the action is uncertain and risky, she decides to go with her gut feelings. Mala is exhibiting * A. MBO. * B. rational decision making. * C. a code of ethics. * D. non-rational decision making. 56. ______ gives lower-level managers and non-managerial employees the right to make important decisions about using organizational resources. * A. Decentralize authority * B. Minimize span of control * C. Centralized authority * D. Minimize the chain of command 57. To avoid ______, Fakhrul included targets for performance that had to be met before payment would be released at the time, he wrote the contract with Parkson Sdn. Bhd. * A. overconfidence * B. escalation of commitment * C. hindsight * D. framing 58. ______ and ______ are the two core principles of TQMs. * A. Employee commitment; customer satisfaction. * B. Financial health; financial stability. * C. People orientation; improvement orientation. * D. Radical innovation; continuous improvement. 59. Andrew and Rose opened their first coffee shop at Ipoh last month. Their coffee shop uses an online system to engage customers. After each transaction, customers receive a text asking them to rate their experience with a smiley neutral or sad face emoji. This practice is an example of ______ practice by both Andrew and Rose. * A. feedforward control * B. behavioral control * C. concurrent control * D. feedback control 60. As Worldwide Grocery's CEO, Hannah plays a vital role in performing. She reviews the company's five-year plan and decides if the company needs any corrective actions. How would you describe her level of control? * A. Strategic * B. Operational * C. Tactical * D. Physical 61. The line managers monitor the assembly employees' efficiency by counting the number of products produced. Such a situation refers to an example of ______ control. * A. output * B. bureaucratic * C. concurrent * D. feedforward 62. House's approach discusses the path-goal leadership model. Following is what path-goal look like in practice, EXCEPT * A. Employees with an internal locus of control are more likely to prefer achievement-oriented leadership * B. Employees with an external locus of control * C. Tend to view the environment as uncontrollable * D. The most important component is situational control, which reflects the extent to which a leader has or doesn't have the work group's support, loyalty, and trust. 63. Which of the following statements is NOT true about communication in the workplace? * A. Communication is a form of social information processing in which receivers interpret messages by cognitively processing them. * B. E-mails can cut through the misunderstandings that result from misinterpreted phone calls. * C. The communication process involves the sender, message, and receiver; encoding and decoding; the medium; feedback; and dealing with "noise," or interference. * D. Efficient communicators can transmit their message accurately in the least amount of time. 64. Mike is an HR manager at Lux Corporation. He needs to advise his employees on revising the company's bonus structure. Which is the BEST medium that Mike should choose? * A. A face-to-face meeting should be called between the manager and employees. * B. The manager should e-mail all those affected. * C. A personal note should be sent to each from the manager. * D. An announcement should be posted near the office coffee machine. 65. Christina is the training and development manager at Dash Enterprise, and she needs to inform employees that the quarterly project management training will start on October 1, about two months from now. Based on the above situation, what model of media selection should Christina choose to blast the information? * A. Face-to-face meeting * B. Personal note * C. Telephone * D. Email 66. Ariff, Nicole, Sarah, and Lim are on the four-member Oracle Task Force that is researching options for the new benefits package. Over lunch, Ariff suggests that going with the Members' Choice HMO is the best course of action, Nicole, Sarah and Lim, for the sake of unanimity without ever researching and accurately assessing the decision. Nicole, Sarah, and Lim are engaged in * A. groupthink * B. heuristics * C. the Delphi technique * D. group marketing 67. After working almost nearly 25 years as a secretary assistant to the president, Aminah will be retiring. However, no one had a good idea of all her job entailed. Before Aminah retired, Mei Ling sat with her for two weeks to observe her duties and ask her to explain all her functions as a secretary assistant to the president. Mei Ling was performing a(n) * A. job rotation. * B. behavioural-description interview. * C. performance appraisal. * D. job analysis. 68. As the company manager, Khairi was asked by his company to assess the performance of one of his employees, which is Rahim. Khairi needs to assess Rahim using the company's performance appraisal form and ask him to rate Rahim's performance on various items like "Submits reports on time with minimal errors" on a scale from 1 to 5. Khairi is using ______ appraisal system. * A. MBO * B. 360-degree * C. BARS * D. results 69. Before implementing the RFID system, a type of technology that permits the company to improve its inventory tracking, Giant already had a very effective technology tracking system in place. Hence, Giant is performing a ______ change. * A. proactive * B. reactive * C. disruptive * D. cultural 70. A ______ change in making bread with the development of a machine to mix the mixture in a large quantity has affected the traditional bread maker. * A. technological * B. market * C. social and political * D. demographic 71. As a company manager, Farid is constantly monitoring developments in ______ such as immigration, automation, and globalization, to plan for how they will influence his company. * A. inside forces * B. outside forces * C. adaptive change * D. innovative change 72. Recently, there has been an increase in complaints among Sure Fast's customers. The drivers often get lost when attempting deliveries, leading to late deliveries. Besides, the drivers have resisted using GPS systems by claiming they know their territories. Still, managers encourage them to look for the best solution to the increased customer complaints. Sure Fast is in the ______ stage of Lewin's change model. * A. changing * B. unfreezing * C. evaluating * D. refreezing 73. Muthusamy knows that implementing multiple interventions brought the greatest likelihood of success for organizational development (OD). Which of the following statement is an example of various interventions? * A. Muthusamy applied an intervention that worked in India to his Singapore firm. * B. Muthusamy ensures that all the top managers are committed to change. * C. Muthusamy implements goal setting, training, and job design. * D. Muthusamy sets short-term and long-term goals for positive change. 74. Which of the following is NOT an inside force that indicates organizational change might be needed? * A. Increased Competition * B. Excessive Conflict Between Managers and Employees * C. High Turnover * D. High Levels of Stress Among Employees 75. One of the biggest challenges mentioned by previous studies in implementing changes comes from the human being. For example, the acceptance of technology usage among senior employees, like using computers in their daily work practice, found initial resistance due to some concerns. However, as part of the ______ stage of change, the employees' managers need to try to instill in them the motivation to change, encouraging them to let go of attitudes and behaviours that are resistant to innovation. * A. unfreezing * B. change * C. refreezing * D. freezing 76. Saiful is the new CEO at World's Fair, a nationwide store specializing in unique items worldwide. At his first manager's meeting, he told them he likes to consider his management style practical, efficient, logical, and systematic. Which style of decision-maker is Saiful? * A. Analytical style * B. Conceptual style * C. Behavioral style * D. Directive style 77. Liam, the store manager at an Old Navy outlet, spoke with Anna, his new assistant manager, about the store's system of job relationships; he also explained to whom she would report and who would report to her. Liam said, "This system is one of the things that motivates our employees to work together to achieve our company's goals." Liam was telling Anna about the store's * A. organizational structure * B. organizational culture * C. code of ethics * D. diversity plan 78. Organizations using a matrix structure * A. contain multiple overlapping command structures in which all employees report to three or more managers. * B. centralize authority into a single person. * C. contain two command structures, in which some people report to two bosses. * D. establish a hierarchy in which employees report to only one supervisor. 79. Zarifah manages a cafe that now offers online ordering and pickup for customers. The number of online orders is increasing, and she is determining how best to allocate tasks among her employees to become more efficient. Zarifah is addressing * A. job simplification. * B. hierarchy of authority. * C. span of control. * D. division of labor. 80. As a restaurant owner, Virmala is considering adding more organic dishes to her menu. Although the action is uncertain and risky, she decides to go with her gut feelings. Virmala is exhibiting * A. MBO. * B. nonrational decision making. * C. rational decision making. * D. a code of ethics. 81. Ahmad is the customer relationship manager at Interact Enterprise. Whenever the company wants to sign a tender for a project, Ahmad will keep entertaining their clients and bring them for fancy dinner and other entertainment. Based on the scenario above, what kind of influence tactics have Ahmad used? * A. Exchange * B. Coalition tactics * C. Ingratiation * D. Inspirational appeals 82. Brandon is a branch manager for a large freight company. He has noticed low morale lately, perhaps because of the cramped quarters, stricter policies, and lack of raises this year. According to Herzberg, Brandon should first concentrate on * A. hygiene factors. * B. needs for achievement. * C. esteem needs. * D. motivating factors. 83. Omar has been the team leader for a new operating system project within Berjaya Corporation for almost three months. However, there was evidence of difficulties in implementing the project, and Omar cannot admit that his project will not work by continuing to invest his team's time and budget in the project. Finally, the CEO calls Omar to his office to ask him to ditch the project and to tell him he suffers from ______ bias. * A. escalation of commitment * B. framing * C. overconfidence * D. anchor 84. Edina accidentally quoted a customer a price for new flooring that was more than RM1000 less than the actual price. Her manager had a choice of punishing Edina or providing her coaching and retraining on correctly calculating the flooring cost. Her manager chose to retrain Edina using the control of * A. feedforward. * B. concurrent. * C. feedback. * D. evaluation. 85. Why is it important to control the supply chain? * A. Control of the supply chain influences the work processes and levels of performance through a set of accepted norms. * B. As a major cost center, paying attention to sourcing, shipping, and warehousing is essential. * C. It is effective in ensuring that performance standards are being met. * D. Controlling the supply chain means it can be used to monitor employees and assess job satisfaction, engagement, and leadership. 86. Which of the following statements accurately summarizes research related to goal setting? * A. Goals should be generally stated and have a positive tone. * B. Commitment, ability, and resources are necessary for goals to be achieved. * C. Goals can be helpful on their own and do not need to be part of a larger plan. * D. Whether goals are achieved is not influenced by feedback from a manager. 87. Lilian runs a flower shop. She recently made some changes so that one employee answers the phone and completes the order and payment process, another creates arrangements, and a third packages and delivers floral arrangements. Previously, each employee was responsible for the order from the phone call to delivery. Lilian has made changes to * A. autonomy. * B. task significance. * C. skill variety. * D. task identity. 88. Edward, the owner of a local furniture store that has been in business for 65 years, is retiring. He is selling his store to a new venture capitalist with no roots in the community. As they sit down over coffee at the local deli, what are some things that Edward should share with the new owner about the success of his business? * A. Edward should share the organizational chart and a list of local businesses not to partner with. * B. Edward should share the company's culture through stories, rites, and rituals. * C. Edward should share his buyers' list and how he negotiated his prices. * D. Edward should share which community events he has already agreed to participate in over the next three years. 89. Alexis works as a marketing executive who is responsible for promoting the company's new chicken nugget products. In order to achieve the target sales, she needs to advertise the product correctly. Based on the following scenarios, can the BEST media selection strategy help Alexis promote the product? * A. Advertise on the television * B. Poster on billboard nearby road * C. Promote in social media like Facebook and so on * D. Face-to-face promotion and free samples in the supermarket 90. Nina, a manager, senses that her employee Bobby has low self-esteem. Which of the following might Nina implement in her attempt to raise Bobby's self-esteem? * A. Nina should provide frequent reminders to Bobby about improving his weaknesses. * B. Nina should avoid giving Bobby negative feedback and delegate tasks to other employees. * C. Nina should increase the structure and routine of Bobby's typical workday. * D. Nina should remind Bobby that he is dependable and always makes the customers feel welcome. 91. When Mimi comes into the office, she speaks to no one, shuts her door, and is rarely seen again until lunch. She supervises a team of 12 people, though. Amy has a new idea she would like to share with management but is unsure if she should take it to Mimi. How would you describe this upward communication? * A. Lacking trust * B. Proper use of a rich medium * C. Missing a chain of command * D. Confusing semantics 92. Siti was the Futuristic magazine editor. She manages and supervises a group of assistants for the company. She gets along well with her employees and has created detailed procedures for all the types of editorial documents they encounter. Siti hires and fires; she gives work assignments, performance appraisals, and promotions. Using the contingency model, what leadership style is Siti using? * A. She is using the transformational leadership style. * B. She is using the task-oriented leadership style. * C. She is using the transitional leadership style. * D. She is using the relationship-oriented leadership style. 93. A project manager Mikael has been given little money to run the new marketing campaign. He was also told that the client wants the drive ready to roll out in less than two weeks. Mikael feels very limited by these constraints and is unsure that it will produce his team's best work. His supervisor and career mentor tell Mikael that he is * A. using rational decision-making. * B. experiencing satisficing. * C. feeling the effects of the intuition model. * D. affected by bounded rationality. 94. Hanisah wants to reorganize the company. There are HR units at each plant, fiscal units at each plant, and purchasing units at each plant. She feels that she will save money and create consistency by bringing all those critical functions together in one location and deploying them to the plants only when needed. But is Hanisah taking the correct action? * A. Yes, because the company will need fewer employees in these units, saving money and allowing for consistency in the process. * B. Yes, because the company can make decisions more quickly since all the key players will be in one location. * C. No, because with fewer employees in these units, the work will take longer, costing the company more. * D. No, because even though the company can save on payroll, the travel costs will be increased. 95. Bintang Permata Nursery owner, Diana has decided to change its hours from 6 a.m to 5 p.m to 7 a.m to 6 p.m; beginning at the start of the following month. She feels that the change is needed because only a few families were coming in before 7 a.m., so it was not cost-effective to be open that early. But was Diana sensitive to the families who brought their children to the center in making her decision? * A. She could assume it would be fine since only a few would be affected. * B. Yes, because the employees can now spend more time with their families. * C. No, because the families would not understand she was saving money and would not pass the savings on to them. * D. No, she did not consider how the people affected may feel about the change. 96. Khairul had attended the safety officer class organized by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health and successfully passed the exam, which granted him the green book to practice as a safety officer. Because of that Khairul was promoted to the safety officer for the company and oversees the organization's safety and health department. Based on the scenario above, what type of power that been mandated to Khairul? * A. Reward power * B. Legitimate power * C. Referent power * D. Expert power 97. A foreigner asked directions from Nasi Lemak's street seller, and the aunty gave the direction, but the foreigner did not nod or repeat the direction. The aunty is not really sure whether the foreigner really understands her instruction toward the direction or not. Based on the scenario, what kind of barrier happened in the conversation? * A. Sender barrier * B. Encoding barrier * C. Feedback barrier * D. Decoding barrier 98. David wants to change the reward system to be more team-focused and less individual-focused. He has met with managers at each level, put out an e-mail blast to all employees so no one would be expecting the employee of the month announcement, and posted the criteria that a team would evaluate for