Human Physiology 1 Lecture 1

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Questions and Answers

What type of tissue is primarily responsible for covering or lining body surfaces?

Epithelial tissue (correct)

Nerve tissue

Muscle tissue

Connective tissue

Which tissue type is specialized for contraction and movement?

Connective tissue

Muscle tissue (correct)

Nerve tissue

Epithelial tissue

What defines an organ in the human body?

A collection of similar cells that form a tissue

A group of different tissues arranged for specific functions (correct)

A cluster of connective tissues only

A single type of cell carrying out specific functions

Which of the following is NOT one of the four main types of tissues?

Hormonal Signup and view all the answers

Which group of tissues includes blood and cartilage?

Connective tissues Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of lipids in the body?

Lipids play a role in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the gastrointestinal system?

Digesting and absorbing nutrients. Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrient is primarily absorbed in the small intestine?

All of the above. Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of energy production is the phosphagen system predominantly utilized?

Immediate explosive activities. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organic chemical is essential for DNA and RNA structure?

Nucleic acids. Signup and view all the answers

What type of chemical is defined as being composed mainly of carbon and hydrogen?

Organic chemicals. Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the body is primarily responsible for the digestion of fats?

Small intestine. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main energy source for the glycolytic system?

Glucose. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary function of lipids in the human body?

Act as a source of long-term energy storage Signup and view all the answers

Which type of micronutrient is crucial for the production of red blood cells?

Iron Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of carbohydrates in the diet?

Serve as a fast source of energy Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrient is primarily responsible for immune function and tissue repair?

Proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of bile in the digestive process?

Emulsify fats Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamin is primarily involved in calcium absorption?

Vitamin D Signup and view all the answers

In the gastrointestinal system, which organ is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption?

Small intestine Signup and view all the answers

Which type of energy system primarily uses carbohydrates for fuel?

Anaerobic glycolysis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following micronutrients is most commonly associated with antioxidant activity?

Vitamin C Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of dietary fiber in digestion?

Promote healthy bowel movements Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Module Information

Human Physiology 1, Lecture 1
Two-hour lecture
Thursday at 2 pm in T105
Friday at 9 am in T107
No phones or earpods allowed

Contact Information

Email: [email protected]
Office: W109 (Kerry Sports Academy)

Module Plan

Week 1: Organization of the Body (5%) - Overview of organ systems
Week 2: Homeostasis (5%) - Homeostatic principles, negative/positive feedback mechanisms
Week 3: Nervous System Organization (5%) - Central nervous system structure (brain and spinal cord), cranial and spinal nerves, the autonomic nervous system.
Week 4: Nervous System Functional Components (10%) - Neurons, neurotransmitters, synapses, nerve impulse conduction
Week 5: Integumentary System (10%) - Skin structure and functions, accessory structures
Week 6: Endocrine System Hormone Interaction (5%) - Classification of hormones and mechanisms of action
Week 6: Endocrine System: Endocrine Glands and Hormones (10%) - Hypothalamic control of pituitary gland, endocrine glands (adrenal, thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas, pineal, gonads, placenta) and associated disorders
Week 7 (and beyond): Additional topics will be covered according to the module plan

Composition of the Body

Atoms, ions, chemical bonds, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, food groups, balanced diet, macronutrients, micronutrients, dietary sources
Metabolism (protein, carbohydrate, fat), nutritional requirements, nutritional guidelines.

Assessments

Continuous Assessment (CA) - 30%
Final Exam - 70%
CA Week 10 - TBC
10 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)
5 Very Short Answer Questions (VSAQ)
1 Short Answer Question (SAQ)
60 minutes

Example Questions

Question 3: How many lobes are in the right lung? (a) One, (b) Two, (c) Three, (d) Four
What four-carbon molecule does Acetyl CoA join with to form a six-carbon molecule called citrate?
Short Answer Question (25 marks) - Compare the Phosphagen System and Glycolytic System in terms of substrate/fuel source, location of occurrence, rate of ATP production, duration of activity/capacity, and example of exercise/sport

Organization of the Body

The human body is organized into structural and functional levels of increasing complexity
Levels of organization: chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

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Description

Dive into the fundamentals of Human Physiology with this introductory lecture, covering the organization of the body and the principles of homeostasis. Explore the key organ systems and their functions, as well as principles of feedback mechanisms. This session lays the groundwork for understanding more complex physiological processes.