Biotechnology 01 Class Notes - Lakshya MHTCET 2025 PDF

## LAKSHYA MHTCET 2025 ### Botany - Lecture 01 **Biotechnology** By - Asmita Ma'am **Topics to be covered** 1. Biotechnology 2. Traditional Biotechnology 3. Modern Biotechnology 4. Principles and Process of Biotechnology **Introduction** Biotechnology: technique using live organisms or their...

## LAKSHYA MHTCET 2025 ### Botany - Lecture 01 **Biotechnology** By - Asmita Ma'am **Topics to be covered** 1. Biotechnology 2. Traditional Biotechnology 3. Modern Biotechnology 4. Principles and Process of Biotechnology **Introduction** Biotechnology: technique using live organisms or their cellular components or enzymes to produce useful products and processes for man - According to OECD(Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 1981): Biotechnology is the application of scientific and engineering principles to the processing of material by biological agents to provide goods and services to the human welfare **Traditional/Conventional Biotechnology** - Refers to use of microbes for human welfare - Ex. Curd preparation, Baking, Cheese making, Alcohol preparation **Modern Biotechnology** - **Genetic engineering:** The direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology. - **Chemical Engineering:** The application of physical science and engineering to the production of materials, energy, and other products. **Feature that differentiate Modern Biotechnology from Conventional one:** - **Capability of science to change the genetic material for getting new specific products through rDNA technology, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), microarrays, cell culture and fusion, and bioprocessing.** - **Ownership of technology and its sociopolitical impact.** **Principles and Process of Biotechnology** **Genetic Engineering** - Here, chemistry of genetic material (DNA & RNA) is altered - Altered genetic material is introduced into host organisms - The phenotype of the host organism is altered **Chemical Engineering** - Maintenance of Microbial contamination free (sterile) surrounding - It helps in the growth of only the desired micro-organism/eukaryotic in large quantities - It is used to form products such as antibiotics, vaccines, enzymes, medicines, hormones etc. **QUESTION:** **Molecular Scissors of genetic Engineering** A) DNA ligase B) Ligase C) Restriction Endonuclease D) RNA Polymerase **[MHT CET 2008]** **QUESTION:** **A desirable change in genotype of an organism is obtained by** A) DNA Replication B) Protein Synthesis C) rDNA Technology D) mRNA formation **[MHT CET 2015]** **QUESTION:** **The gene transfer between unrelated plant is brought about by** A) Sexual reproduction B) Asexual reproduction C) Cloning D) Genetic Engineering **[MHT CET 2020]** The image shows the end of the document with the word "धन्यवाद" (Thank you) in bold, large font. The image shows the end of the document.