Bio Study PDF

1. Which feature is *not* characteristic of epithelial tissue? A. Polarity B. Cells connected to each other by intercellular junctions C. High regeneration capacity D. Attachment to a basement membrane E. All are characteristics 2. A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ epithelium consi...

1. Which feature is *not* characteristic of epithelial tissue? A. Polarity B. Cells connected to each other by intercellular junctions C. High regeneration capacity D. Attachment to a basement membrane E. All are characteristics 2. A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ epithelium consists of a single layer of flattened cells attached directly to a basement membrane. F. simple columnar G. simple squamous H. simple cuboidal I. stratified squamous J. stratified cuboidal 3. The lining of the air sacs in the lungs (alveoli) is comprised of what epithelium? K. Simple squamous L. Simple columnar M. Simple cuboidal N. Stratified squamous O. Transitional 4. Which is *not* a function of the integument? P. Protection Q. Water loss prevention R. Temperature regulation S. Synthesis of cholecalciferol (vitamin D precursor) T. No exceptions; all are functions of the integument 5. From deep to superficial, the order of the strata of the epidermis is U. Basale - spinosum - granulosum - lucidum - corneum V. Spinosum - granulosum - basale - lucidum - corneum W. Corneum - lucidum - granulosum - spinosum - basale X. Basale - granulosum - spinosum - lucidum - corneum Y. Corneum - granulosum - lucidum - spinosum - basale 6. The function of melanin in the skin is to Z. reduce water loss. A. prevent infections. B. help regulate body temperature. C. protect against UV light. D. keep the epidermis soft and pliable. 7. The reticular layer of the dermis consists primarily of E. adipose tissue. F. reticular connective tissue. G. dense irregular connective tissue. H. nervous tissue. I. elastic connective tissue. 8. Blood capillaries that supply nourishment for the epidermis are located in the J. dermal papillae. K. epidermal ridges. L. reticular connective tissue. M. epidermis proper. N. subcutaneous layer. 9. Fine hair called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, which is unpigmented or lightly pigmented, is the primary human hair and is found on the upper and lower limbs. O. terminal P. lanugo Q. vellus R. cuticle S. phalanx 10. The part of the hair that extends beyond the skin surface is called the T. shaft. U. root. V. bulb. W. papilla. X. alopecia. 11. The structure responsible for pulling on the follicle and causing \"goose bumps\" is the Y. external root sheath. Z. internal root sheath. A. epithelial root sheath. B. arrector pili muscle. C. papilla. 12. Sebum is a secretion that D. cools the skin and eliminates certain drugs. E. lubricates skin and helps defend against bacteria. F. maintains water balance through waterproofing the skin. G. acts as a pheremone once reproductive maturity is reached. 13. What is the function of cartilage located in the epiphyseal plates? H. Site of bone elongation and growth I. Provides passageway for blood vessels J. Forms articular surface K. Supports soft tissues L. Provides flexibility for bending 14. Where does hemopoiesis occur? M. Epiphyseal line N. Endosteum O. Red bone marrow P. Yellow bone marrow Q. Nutrient foramina 15. As the bone matrix calcifies and the secreting cells become walled in, R. osteoblasts become osteocytes. S. osteogenic progenitors become osteoclasts. T. osteoblasts become osteoclasts. U. osteoclasts become osteocytes 16. Interstitial growth of cartilage increases its \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and occurs in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ region of the cartilage. V. length; internal W. length; peripheral X. width; internal Y. width; peripheral 17. **Intramembranous ossification** Z. Bone growth within \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ A. Produces \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ B. Cells involved are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 18. **Skeletal system**---composed of bones, cartilages, and ligaments 19. ***Bone is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and contains mainly \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ nerves.*** 20. Which is *not* a function of bone? C. Protection D. Mineral storage E. Body movement F. Hormone synthesis G. Hemopoiesis 21. The bones of the fingers and toes (phalanges) are categorized as \_\_\_\_\_ bones. H. long I. irregular J. short K. flat L. sesamoid 22. What is the function of cartilage located in the epiphyseal plates? 23. The knobby region of a long bone at the end that is farthest from the trunk is the 24. Severe anemia may trigger an adaptive conversion of M. yellow marrow to red marrow. N. red marrow to yellow marrow. O. spongy bone to compact bone. P. bone marrow to spongy bone. 25. Which type of cell produces new bone tissue by secreting matrix? 26. Osteoid is the Q. organic part of the bone matrix that gives it rigidity. R. organic part of the bone matrix that gives it tensile strength. S. inorganic part of the bone matrix that gives it rigidity. T. inorganic part of the bone matrix that gives it tensile strength. 27. **Endochondral ossification** U. Bone growth within \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ V. Produces \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ W. Cells involved are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 28. Which bone forms by intramembranous ossification? X. Zygomatic Y. Radius Z. Axis A. Hamate B. First metatarsal 29. The formation of bone from a cartilaginous model is termed C. mesenchymal ossification. D. intramembranous ossification. E. bone remodeling. F. orthodontia. G. endochondral ossification. 30. The steps in the process of endochondral ossification are Ossification center forms in the diaphysis. Cartilage calcifies and a bone collar forms. Ossification centers form in the epiphyses. Bone replaces cartilage. Epiphyseal plates ossify. Cartilage model develops. **Bone remodeling** H. Continues throughout adulthood I. Occurs at different rates J. 20% of skeleton replaced yearly K. Dependent upon the coordinated activities of osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts L. Influenced by hormones and mechanical stress 31. Which bone is *not* part of the axial skeleton? M. Malleus N. Sacrum O. Clavicle P. Atlas Q. Frontal bone 32. The skull consists of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ cranial bones and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ facial bones. R. 8, 14 S. 7, 12 T. 10, 12 U. 5, 7 V. 9, 11 33. Which bone is *not* a facial bone? W. Temporal X. Mandible Y. Zygomatic Z. Maxilla A. Nasal 34. What is the correct order for the vertebral regions, from superior to inferior? 35. How many pairs of ribs are \"floating ribs\" that do not articulate with the sternum? 36. **Which bones articulate with the femur?** 37. **What bone(s) does the clavicle articulate with?**