Muscles Study Guide PDF

Bio notes Muscles Study Guide Info: How many muscles in the human body? -​ 638 Where is the largest muscle in the human body?​ ​ -​ In the thigh Where would you find the smallest muscle in the human body? -​ In the ear What substance are muscles made from? -​ Protein What co...

Bio notes Muscles Study Guide Info: How many muscles in the human body? -​ 638 Where is the largest muscle in the human body?​ ​ -​ In the thigh Where would you find the smallest muscle in the human body? -​ In the ear What substance are muscles made from? -​ Protein What controls muscles and how they work? -​ The nervous system What percentage of bodyweight are they -​ More than 40-50% Voluntary muscles -​ Voluntary means you control how they work Involuntary muscles -​ Involuntary muscles automatically and you don't realise it Excitable or irritable -​ Are capable of receiving stimulation and responding to stimulation from the nerves. -​ Muscles have a graded response to stimulation. They contract different amounts depending the frequency and the amount of stimulation Flexible -​ A muscle is able to return to its original resting shape and length after being extended or contracted ABduction -​ Moving body parts away from the body ADduction -​ Moving body parts towards the body Extension -​ Straightening and extending the joint to increase the angle between two bones or body parts Flexion  -​ Bending a joint to decrease the angle between two bones or two body parts. Rotation -​ Moving a body part around an axis, left and right (neck) Muscles growing -​ Called hypertrophy Muscles decreasing -​ Atrophy Antagonistic muscles (muscles together) -​ Muscles are only able to pull as they are only able to contract -​ To ensure movement in two directions, muscles need to be in pairs -​ Muscles often occur in pairs, called antagonistic pairs. As one muscle contracts, the other relaxes -​ As one muscle contracts, the other muscle relaxes in an antagonistic pair Tendon -​ Muscle to Bone Fascia -​ Muscle to Muscle Quiz ting: 1.​ What is the technical term for muscle growing? hypertrophy 2.​ What is the technical term for muscle wasting? atrophy 3.​ What is the term for limbs moving away from the body? abduction 4.​ What is the term for a movement decreasing the angle between two bones or body parts? flexion 5.​ What is the term for a movement increasing the angle between two bones or body parts? extension Types of muscles: Cardiac Muscle (in the heart) -​ Involuntary muscle (not in control, happens automatically) -​ Found in the walls of heart -​ Contracts to circulate blood Smooth muscles (example: stomach) -​ Also involuntary muscles (not in control, happens automatically) -​ Found in the walls of organs or systems like the digestive system and respiratory system Skeletal muscles (example: biceps and triceps) -​ Attached to the skeleton, provide movement -​ Voluntary muscles ( in control, can move at free will) -​ Make up the majority of the muscle in your body All muscles in diagram tab ⬅️ Quiz ting part 2 1.​ Which type of muscle is found in the digestive system? 2.​ Which type of muscle is found in the heart? 3.​ Which is the only type of muscle that is voluntary? 4.​ Which tissue connects muscle to muscle? 5.​ Which muscles are found in the thighs? Diseases of the muscular system: -​ https://docs.google.com/document/d/1PSR39gIbeiytj1oXxhOYL 9mKdMzeEm0737aXqDuoAt8/edit?tab=t.0 Diagrams