Bed Making Procedure PDF

# Bed making ## Objective: At the end of this lecture, the student will be able to: - Mention definition of bed making. - List purpose of bed making. - Mention types of bed making. - Apply practice guidelines during bed making. - List rules for infection control when handling linen during bed making...

# Bed making ## Objective: At the end of this lecture, the student will be able to: - Mention definition of bed making. - List purpose of bed making. - Mention types of bed making. - Apply practice guidelines during bed making. - List rules for infection control when handling linen during bed making. - Demonstrate bed making procedures properly. ## Definition: It is a technique of preparing different types of bed for patient's comfort or for a particular condition. ## Purpose: 1. To keep ward clean and tidy 2. To provide client's comfort. 3. To prevent irritation and injury to client's skin 4. To prevent cross of infection. 5. for treatment of certain conditions. ## Types of bed making: 1. An unoccupied bed: may be close or open for receiving a new client. - A-closed bed: made when the bed will remain empty for a period of time. - b- Open bed: made when the bed will become occupied shortly. 2. An occupied bed: used when the client is not allowed get out of bed. 3. A postoperative or surgical bed: used for clients who return from surgery. ## Practice guidelines during bed making: 1. Assemble all items needed before you start to make the bed. 2. Practice good body mechanics while making the bed. 3. Make the bed according to client's custom. 4. Make one side of the bed as much as possible before going to the other side, as this will save time and effort. 5. Keep the linen smooth and free of wrinkles. 6. Remove crumbs and food particles from bed linens. 7. Change linen when become wet, damp, or soiled. 8. Follow rules for infection control. 9. Avoid jerky movement during the procedure. 10. Client mustn't be exposed during the procedure. ## Infection control reminders: 1. Proper hand washing before and after bed making. 2. Wear gloves during procedure. 3. Avoid shaking of linens because it can disseminate secretions and excretions and the microorganisms they contain. 4. Avoid placing linens on floor. 5. Hold either soiled or clean linens away from uniform. 6. Linens for one client are never placed on another client's bed. 7. Dirty linens shouldn't be carried across the ward to prevent cross infection. 8. Place soiled linens in laundry bag. ## Making an Un-occupied Bed ### Definition: A bed prepared to receive a new patient is an un-occupied bed. ### 1-Making closed bed: A closed bed isn't used until bed time or the bed is ready for new resident Top linens aren't folded back. ## Equipment required: - Bottom sheet - Rubber draw sheet - Cotton draw sheet - Top sheet - bath blanket - spread sheet - Pillow case - Gloves - Laundry bag - wash clothes - kidney tray. ## Action | Rationale ------- | -------- 1. Explain the purpose and procedure to the client. | 1. Providing information fosters cooperation. 2. Perform hand hygiene. | 2. To prevent the spread of infection. 3. Prepare all required equipments and bring the articles to the bedside. | 3. Organization facilitates accurate skill performance 4. Move the chair and bed side locker | 4. It makes space for bed making and helps effective action. 5. Clean Bed-side locker: Wipe with wet and dry. | 5. To maintain the cleanliness 6.move the mattress to the head of the bed and clean it : | 6. To prevent the spread of infection - Stand in right side. - Start wet wiping from top to center and from center to bottom in right side of mattress. - Gather the dust and debris to the bottom. - Collect them into kidney tray. - Give dry wiping. - Move to left side. - Wipe with wet and dry the left side. - Move to right side. ## Bottom sheet: 1) Place and slide the bottom sheet upward over the top of the bed leaving the bottom edge of the sheet. 2) Open it lengthwise with the center fold along the bed center. 3) Fold back the upper layer of the sheet toward the opposite side of the bed. 4) Tuck the bottom sheet securely under the head of the mattress (approximately 20-30cm). 5) Repeat the same procedure at the end of the corner of the bed 6) Tuck the remainder in along the side ## Make a mitered corner. - A mitered corner has a neat appearance and keeps the sheet securely under the mattress. 1. Pick up the selvage edge with your hand nearest the hand of the bed. 2. Lay a triangle over the side of the bed 3. Tuck the hanging part of the sheet under the mattress. 4. Drop the triangle over the side of the bed. 5. Tuck the sheet under the entire side of bed. - Tucking the bottom sheet will be done by turn, the corner of top firstly and the corner of the bottom later. - To secure the bottom sheet on one side of the bed. ## 8.Mackintosh and draw sheet: 1) Place a mackintosh at the middle of the bed (if used), folded half, with the fold in the center of the bed, and folded half, with the fold in the center of the bed. 2) Lift the right half and spread it forward the near side. 3) Tuck the mackintosh under the mattress. 4) Place the draw sheet on the mackintosh. Spread and tuck them. 5. Move to the left side of the bed. - Mackintosh and draw sheet are additional protection for the bed and serves as a lifting or turning sheet for an immobile client. - Secure the bottom sheet, mackintosh and draw sheet on one side of the bed ## Bottom sheet,mackintosh and draw sheet: 1) Fold and tuck the bottom sheet 2) Fold and tuck both the mackintosh and the draw sheet under the mattress 3. Return to the right side. ## Top sheet,blanket and bed spread: 1)Put top sheet on the bed, un fold lengthwise: - place the large hem even with the top of the mattress - open the sheet to the other side - Don't tuck the bottom in yet. - Never tuck top linens in on the sides. 2)Place the blanket on the bed: - Unfold it in the middle. - put upper him about 6-8 inches from the top of the mattress - open the blanket fanfold it to the other side. - A blanket provides warmth. ## 3) Place the bed spread on the bed - un fold it to the middle. - Place the upper hem even with the top of the mattress - C- Open the bed spread to the other side 4) Fold the cuff (approximately 1 feet) in the neck part - Making the cuff at the neck part prevents irritation from blanket edge. - Tucking all these pieces together saves time and provides a neat appearance. ## Turn the top hem of bed spread under the blanket,turn the top sheet down over the bed spreed **NOTE:** in some centers cuff isn't done and bed spreed cover the pillow 5) Tuck all these together under the bottom of mattress. Miter the corner. 6) Tuck the remainder in along the side 7. Repeat the same as in the above procedure 10 in left side. 8. Return to the right side. - To save time in this manner ## Pillow and pillow cover: 1) Put a clean pillow cover on the pillow. 2) Place a pillow at the top of the bed in the center with the open end away from the door. - A pillow is a comfortable measure. - Pillow cover keeps cleanliness of the pillow and neat. - The open end may collect dust or organisms. - The open end away from the door also makes neat. ## 13. Return the bed, the chair and bed-side table to their proper place. 14. Replace all equipments in proper place. Discard linens appropriately. 15. Perform hand hygiene - It makes well-setting for the client. - Bedside necessities will be within easy reach for the client. - Proper linens disposal prevents the spread of infection. - To prevent the spread of infection. ## Closed Bed ## 2-Making open bed ### Open bed: closed bed become an open bed by fan -folding back the top linen the open bed lets the person get into the bed - Making an un occupied Bed with ease. Make this bed for: - Newly admitted person arriving by wheel chair. - Persons who are out of bed for short time. ### Procedure - Make a closed bed - Fanfold top linen to the foot of the bed - Lower the bed to its lowest position - put towel, washcloths, gown or pajamas and bath blanket at bed side stand - Follow hospital policy for dirty linen - Decontaminate your hands ## Open BED It is a bed, made when it is about to be occupied by either a new patient or an ambulatory patient. ## Making an occupied bed ### Definition: The procedure in which linens are changed to a hospitalized patient as person stay in bed is an occupied bed. ### Purpose: - To prepare a clean bed while patient remains in bed. - To provide clean, safe and comfortable bed for the patient - T reduce the risk of infection by maintaining a clean environment - To prevent bed sores by ensuring there are no wrinkles to cause pressure points - Keep the client in good alignment. ### Equipment required: - Bottom sheet - Rubber draw sheet - Cotton draw sheet - Top sheet - Pillow case - Gloves - Laundry bag ## Action | Rationale ------- | -------- 1. Check the client's identification and condition. | 1. To assess necessity and sufficient condition 2. Explain the purpose and procedure to the client | 2. Providing information fosters cooperation 3. Perform hand hygiene. | 3. To prevent the spread of infection. 4. Prepare all required equipments and bring the articles to the bedside. | 4. Organization facilitates accurate skill performance 5. Close the curtain or door to the room. Put screen. | 5. To maintain the client's privacy. 6. Remove the client's personal belongings from bed-side and put then into the bed-side locker or safe place and adjust bed to suitable level. | 6. To prevent personal belongings from damage and loss. 7. Lift the client's head and move pillow from center to the left side. | 7. The pillow is comfortable measure for the client. 8. Assist the client to turn toward left side of the bed. Adjust the pillow. Leaves top sheet in place. | - Moving the client as close to the other side of the bed as possible gives you more room to make the bed. - Top sheet keeps the client warm and protect his or her privacy. 9. Stand in right side: Loose bottom bed linens. Fanfold (or roll) soiled linens from the side of the bed and wedge them close to the client. | 9. Placing folded (or rolled) soiled linen close to the client allows more space to place the clean bottom sheets. 10. Wipe the surface of mattress by sponge cloth with wet and dry. | 10. To prevent the spread of infection. 11. Bottom sheet, mackintosh and draw sheet: | 11. Soiled linens can easily be removed and clean linens are positioned to make the other side of the bed. - Place the clean bottom sheet evenly on the bed folded lengthwise with the center fold as close to the client's back as possible. - Adjust and tuck the sheet tightly under the head of the mattress, making mitered the upper corner. - Tighten the sheet under the end of the mattress and make mitered the lower corner. - Tuck in alongside. - Place the mackintosh and the draw sheet on the bottom sheet and tuck in them together. 12. Assist the client to roll over the folded (rolled) linen to right side of the bed. Readjust the pillow and top sheet. | 12. Moving the client to the bed's other side allows you to make the bed on that side. 13. Move to left side: Discard the soiled linens appropriately. Hold them away from your uniform. Place them in the laundry bag (or bucket). | 13. Soiled linens can contaminate your uniform, which may come into contact with other clients. 14. Wipe the surface of the mattress by sponge cloth with wet and dry. | 14. To prevent the spread of infection. 15.Bottomsheet, mackintosh and draw sheet: | 15. Wrinkled linens can cause skin irritation - Grasp clean linens and gently pull them out from under the client. - Spread them over the bed's unmade side. Pull the linens taut - Tuck the bottom sheet tightly under the head of the mattress and miter the corner. - Tighten the sheet under the end of the mattress and make mitered the lower corner. - Tuck in alongside. - Tuck the mackintosh and the draw sheet under the mattress. 16. Assist the client back to the center of the bed. Adjust the pillow. | 16. The pillow is comfort measure for the client. 17. Return to right side: | 17. Tucking these pieces together saves time and provides neat, tight corners. - Place the clean top sheet at the top side of the soiled top sheet. - Ask the client to hold the upper edge of the clean top sheet. - Hold both the top of the soiled sheet and the end of the clean sheet with right hand and withdraw to downward. Remove the soiled top sheet and put it into a laundry bag - Place the blanket over the top sheet. Fold top sheet back over the blanket over the client. - Tuck the lower ends securely under the mattress. Miter corners. - After finishing the right side, repeat the left side. 18. Remove the pillow and replace the pillow cover with clean one and reposition the pillow to the bed under the client's head. | 18. The pillow is a comfortable measures for a client 19. Replace personal belongings back. Return the bed-side locker and the bed as usual. | 19. To prevent personal belongings from loss and provide safe surroundings 20. Return all equipments to proper place. | 20. To prepare for the next procedure 21. Discard linens appropriately. Perform hand hygiene. | 21. To prevent the spread of infection. ## Making a Post-operative Bed ### Definition: It is also called surgical bed or recovery bed. It is a form of open bed. Top linens are folded to transfer the person from stretcher to the bed. These beds are made for persons who : - Returning from surgery. - Arrive at the center by ambulance ### Purpose: - To receive the post-operative client from surgery and transfer him from a stretcher to a bed - To arrange client's convenience and safety ### Equipment required: - Bottom sheet - Rubber draw sheet - Cotton draw sheet - Top sheet - Pillow case - Gloves - Laundry bag - Emesis basin - Paper tissues - I. V stand. ## Action | Rationale ------- | -------- 1. Perform hand hygiene. | 1. To prevent the spread of infection. 2. Assemble equipments and bring bed-side | 2. Organization facilitates accurate skill performance 3. Strip bed. Make foundation bed as usual with a large mackintosh and cotton draw sheet. | Mackintosh prevents bottom sheet from wetting or soiled by sweat, drain or excrement. Place mackintosh according to operative technique. Cotton draw sheet makes the client felt dry or comfortable without touching the mackintosh directly. 4. Place top bedding as for closed bed but do not tuck at foot | 4. Tuck at foot may hamper the client to enter the bed from a stretcher 5. Fold back top bedding at the foot of bed. (fanfold linen lengthwise to the side of the bed farthest from the door) | 5. To make the client 's transfer smooth 6. Tuck the top bedding on one side only. | 6. Tucking the top bedding on one side stops the bed linens from slipping out of place 7. On the other side, do not tuck the top sheet. | 7. The open side of bed is more convenient for receiving client than the other closed side. 1) Bring head and foot corners of it at the center of bed and form right angles. 2) Fold back suspending portion in 1/3 and repeat folding top bedding twice to opposite side of bed. 8. Remove the pillow. | 8. To maintain the airway 9. Place a kidney-tray on bed-side. | 9. To receive secretion 10. Place IV stands near the bed. | 10. To prepare it to hang IV soon 11. Check locked wheel of the bed. | 11. To prevent moving the bed accidentally when the client is shifted from a stretcher to the bed. 12. Place hot water bags(or hot bottles) in the middle of the bed and cover with fan folded top if needed | 12. Hot water bags prevent the client from taking hypothermia 13. When the patient comes, remove hot water bags if put before. | 13.To prepare enough space for receiving the client 14. Transfer the client: | 14. To prevent the client from chilling or having hypothermia. - Help lifting the client into the bed - Cover the client by the top sheet and blanket immediately - Tuck top bedding and miter a corner in the end of the bed. 15. Return all equipments to proper place. | 15. To prepare for the next procedure 16. Perform hand hygiene | 16. To prevent the spread of infection. ## Types of Beds - A closed bed is not in use. The bed is ready for a new patient or resident - The bed is made for a resident who is up during the day. - An open bed a in use. Top linens are fari folded back so the person con get into bed. - An occupied bed is made with the person in it. - A surgical bed is made To transfer a person from a stretcher For persons who arrive by ambulance - Kept in high position