Basic Bootcamp #1 PDF

LESSON NOTES Basic Bootcamp #1 Self Introductions - Basic Greetings in Danish CONTENTS Dialogue - Danish Main English Vocabulary Sample sentences Vocabulary phrase usage Grammar Cultural insight # 1 DANISHCLASS101....

LESSON NOTES Basic Bootcamp #1 Self Introductions - Basic Greetings in Danish CONTENTS Dialogue - Danish Main English Vocabulary Sample sentences Vocabulary phrase usage Grammar Cultural insight # 1 DANISHCLASS101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #1 1 DIALOGUE - DANISH MAIN 1. Peter : Goddag. Mit navn er Peter. Hvad er dit navn? 2. Maria : Goddag, Peter. Mit navn er Maria. 3. Peter : Rart at møde dig. 4. Maria : I lige måde. ENGLISH 1. Peter : Good Day. My name is Peter. What's your name? 2. Maria : Good day, Peter. My name is Maria. 3. Peter : Nice to meet you. 4. Maria : Likewise. VOCABULARY Danish English Class rart nice adjective at være to be verb Goddag Hello. interjection navn name noun mit my, mine pronoun dit your, yours pronoun i lige måde likewise, you too phrase dig you pronoun at møde to meet verb hvad what pronoun SAMPLE SENTENCES Rart endelig at møde dig. Jeg er studerende. "Nice to finally meet you." "I am a student." DANISHCLASS101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #1 2  Jeg er fra Danmark. Goddag, det er længe siden. "I'm from Denmark." "Hello, long time no see." Goddag, hvordan har du det? Goddag, Maria. "Hello, how are you?" "Hello, Maria." Hvad er dit navn? Jeg kan ikke huske dit navn. "What's your name?" "I can't remember your name." Han sagde, hans navn er Peter. Kan du gætte mit navn? "He said his name is Peter." "Can you guess my name?" Mit navn er Maria. Må jeg se dit hjem? "My name is Maria." "May I see your home?" A: Hav en god weekend! B: Tak, i lige måde! Har jeg ikke set dig før? A: "Have a nice weekend!" B: "Thanks, you too!" "Haven't I seen you before?" Hvad med dig? Jeg ville elske at møde dine forældre. "How about you?" "I would love to meet your parents." Kan vi mødes i morgen? Det var rart at møde dig. "Can we meet tomorrow?" "It was nice to meet you." Hvad til? Hvad snakker du om? What for? "What are you talking about?" Hvad er det? "What is that?" VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE At være means "to be" in Danish, and luckily, whether you want to say "am," "are, or "is," this verb is always er in the present tense, no matter which pronoun or noun in the singular or plural you put in front of it. Therefore, it is as easy to tell someone your name as it is to ask someone their name in Danish. For example: 1. Mit navn er Peter. "My name is Peter." 2. Hvad er deres navne? "What are their names?" Notice how er remains in both sentences. Besides being easy to remember, er is one of the most important words to know in Danish, as it is often used like "to be" in any other language. DANISHCLASS101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #1 3 Mit and dit are the equivalents of "my"/mine" and "your"/"yours." They are the first and second person possessive pronouns used when referring to a noun that belongs to the neuter gender class, like in the first example above, in which the noun navn ("name") is used. Like in English, mit and dit can also stand alone in a sentence without the actual noun being mentioned. For example: 1. Er det mit? "Is this mine?" 2. Er det dit? "Is this yours?" Simply make sure that you know the gender of the noun that det ("this") has replaced. In the examples above, det refers to nouns that belong to the neuter gender class, but if you are referring to a noun of the common gender class, det should be changed to den ("this"), even though the meaning obviously does not change. This also counts for mit and dit, which should be changed to min ("my"/"mine") and din ("your"/"yours") when referring to nouns that belong to the common gender class. When referring to nouns in the plural though, gender does not matter: it is mine ("my"/"mine") and dine ("your"/"yours"). For example: 1. Er skoene dine? "Are the shoes yours?" 2. Skoene er mine. "The shoes are mine." Finally, the phrase i lige måde is equivalent to both "likewise" and "you too," and it is used the same way in Danish as it is in English. Danish people mostly use it when someone has thanked you for something and you want to thank them too. For example: A: Tak for godt samarbejde. - "Thanks for good cooperation." B: Tak, i lige måde. - "Thanks, likewise/you too." A: Tak for i aften. - "Thanks for tonight/this evening." B: Tak, i lige måde. - "Thanks, likewise/you too." I lige måde can also be used when someone wishes you good luck or something pleasant and you want to return the compliment. For example: A: Hav en god weekend. - "Have a nice / good weekend." B: Tak, i lige måde. - "Thanks, likewise / you too." GRAMMAR The Focus of this Lesson is Asking Someone Their Name DANISHCLASS101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #1 4 To ask someone their name, just ask, Hvad er dit navn? This means, "What is your name?" The first word, hvad, is a pronoun that means "what." The next word, er, means "is," followed by dit, which is the second person possessive pronoun "your / yours" in Danish. The last word navn means "name." All together, we have: Hvad er dit navn? The answer is Mit navn er plus your name, which literally means, "My name is..." For example: 1. Mit navn er Maria. "My name is Maria." Please note that there is another common way of asking someone's name in Danish, which is Hvad hedder du? This literally means, "What are you called/named?" But it is equivalent to, "What is your name?" Accordingly, the answer is Jeg hedder plus your name, which literally means, "I'm called / named..." and is equivalent to, "My name is..." Both phrases can be used, but Danish people tend to say Jeg hedder... when introducing themselves because it is shorter than Mit navn er... and also sounds less formal. So basically, it is up to you to decide which one you prefer using. CULTURAL INSIGHT Incentives for Having Children In 2012 Denmark had 57,916 newborns. The country of Denmark officially needs a birth rate of 2.3 babies per woman, but combined with the increasing age of first timers and the economy, this has been rather hard to achieve. Many incentives to bear more children have been made over the past thirty years. One of the biggest new incentives was the Schlüter checken act from 1987, under which a check is sent to every child under the age of eighteen, regardless of their parents' income. Also almost half of daycare and kindergarten is subsidized, and the more children you have, the bigger the discount. Currently, the most popular girls and boys names in Denmark are: DANISHCLASS101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #1 5 Girls Names Boys Names Emma Victor Sofia William Freja Noah Ida Frederik Maja Lucas Sofie Liam Isabella Emil Laura Oscar Clara Magnus Josefine Oliver DANISHCLASS101.COM BASIC BOOTCAMP #1 6