BASIC EXCHANGES STS PDF

SCOPE  Introduction to PABX/Switching Equipment  Component of PABX  Types in the PABX  Amphenol Cable *Colour Coding  Termination(Practical) *Features of the PABX  Differences and Similarities between a Console and a Simple Telephone  Intercom set up ...

SCOPE  Introduction to PABX/Switching Equipment  Component of PABX  Types in the PABX  Amphenol Cable *Colour Coding  Termination(Practical) *Features of the PABX  Differences and Similarities between a Console and a Simple Telephone  Intercom set up  AIM As signalers and upcoming exchanges technicians, there is the need for you to know how exchanges work, installed and how to troubleshoot(fault and remedy). EXCHANGES  INTRODUCTION TO EXCHANGES In the 19th century, when the first telephone exchanges were introduced. These exchanges were operated manually by human operators and connect calls between subscribers. As the usage of telephone advances, there was the need for more convenient and efficient way to connect calls within a private organization. So in the 20th century the first Private branch exchange(PBX) was developed. These systems were similar to the public telephone exchange, but were designed and used in private organization. In 1960 Private Automatic Branch Exchange(PABX) was introduced to allow organizations or institutions(personnel) to make calls to one another within their establishment or connect to outside line without a receptionist.  INTRODUCTION (CONT) Pabx/Switching Equipment are the same but are employed due to the nature of operation or duty in military establishment. DEFINITION It is an equipment that provides dialing tone for telephones to work for the purpose of communication. 1970 TELEPHONE EXCHANGE TESLA AUTOMATIC SYSTEM(PABX) 1975 TELEPHONE EXCHANGE MANUAL SYSTEM (PBX) Panasonic kx-NS500 Automatic system(PABX) Panasonic kx-TDE100 Automatic system(PABX)  COMPONENT OF THE PABX  TRUNK CARD  EXTENSION CARD  POWER SUPPLY UNIT(PSU)  SD CARD  HOUSING/CABINET  RED INDICATION LIGHT  GREEN INDICATION LIGHT COMPONENT OF THE PABX TRUNK CARD: It is an electronic printed circuit board(PCB) which receives direct lines from the service provider ie Airtel tigo, Mtn and Vodafone for the purpose of communication. EXTENSION CARD: It is an electronic printed circuit board(PCB) where generated dialing tone is centralized and distributed to KRONE DP for the purpose of internal communication.  COMPONENT CONT Power Supply Unit(PSU):It is a unit that supplies power to the machine. HOUSING/CABINET: It contains or houses the general overview of the machine. SD CARD: it stores data and information on the machine.  RED INDICATION LIGHT: It indicates fault on the machine GREEN INDICATION LIGHT: It shows the stability of the machine.  TYPES OF CARDS There are two types cards namely,  Trunk Card  Extension card  FEATURES OF THE PABX  It is used to receive and forward calls.  It is used for video calls.  It is used to send voice mail.  It is used to send text messages.  It is used to transfer calls.  It is used for conference calls.  AMPHENOL CABLE: It is a thick twenty five(25) pair cable used to connect multiple voice and data for the purpose of communication.  COLOUR CODING: It is internationally accepted colour codes used to identify the pairs in a communication cable. There are two(2) categories of colour codes PERMANENT COMMON BLUE WHITE ORANGE RED GREEN BLACK BROWN YELLOW SLATE VIOLET DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CONSOLE AND SIMPLE TELEPHONE CONSOLE SIMPLE TELEPHONE  It has a multiple function keys. It has no multiple function keys  It is used for programming. It cannot be used for programming  It has a loud speaker. It has no loudspeaker  It has a display screen. It has no display screen SIMILARITIES OF A CONSOLE AND A SIMPLE TELEPHONE  They both have handset  They both have ringing tones  They have alpha numerical keypads  They both have transceivers  They both have handset cord  They both have RJ slot  SETTING UP AN INTERCOM Intercommunication : It is the process of communicating between people or groups within an establishment or institution without a service provider.  ELECTRONIC COMPONENT OF THE PABX MACHINE  Resistor: It is an electronic component that limits or regulate the flow of current in an electronic circuit.The unit of measure is OHMS.  Capacitor :It is a device that stores and discharges electrical energy in an electronic circuit.  Diode: It is a device that allows current to flow in one direction and in the other direction current is blocked.