Basic Biochemistry Lipid_Week 3 PDF
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Uploaded by CharitableBliss7728
Universiti Malaya
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Summary
This document provides an overview of lipids, including their classification, functions, and examples like fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, sphingolipids, and waxes. It also touches upon cholesterol and its role in lipoproteins.
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Lipids Lipid What a lipids? s Lipids are molecules that contain hydrocarbons. Main component of the structure and function of living cells. General functions? Main molecule for energy storage (triglyceride/triacylglycerol)– lipids are...
Lipids Lipid What a lipids? s Lipids are molecules that contain hydrocarbons. Main component of the structure and function of living cells. General functions? Main molecule for energy storage (triglyceride/triacylglycerol)– lipids are non polar. Polar lipids are important components of the biological membrane– forms lipid bilayer. Steroids Chlorophyll, carotenoid and retinol. As fat soluble vitamins, A, D, E and K. As electron transport carriers in the chloroplast and mitochondria (ubiquinone (UQ or CoQ) and plastoquinone (PQ)). Classification of 1. FattyLipids acids (FA) 2. Triacylglycerol / triglyceride (TG) / neutral lipid 3. Phospholipid / glycerophospholipid 4. Sphingolipid 5. Waxes 6. Steroids / cholesterol 7. Terpenoids / terpenes Fatty Acids Long chain carboxyl acids (4C – 30C). Has long aliphatic chain – not branched. One end has a methyl group and the other a carboxyl group. Amphiphatic (two opposite properties) – the tail is hydrophobic while the head is weakly hydrophilic. In nature they are esterified to glycerol – because they are poisonous if free. Most have even number of carbons (16C-22C) with single C-C bonds. Fatty Acids Can be saturated (no double bonds) or unsaturated (1 – 6 double bonds). Mostly (>50%) are unsaturated. Double bonds are in the cis configuration (not trans) and unconjugated (linked by a methylene unit , – CH2-). Fatty acids with CE) (c) IDL - functions as VLDL (Still more TG) (d)LDL - similar function to VLDL (more CE > TG) (e) HDL - transports cholesterol from tissues to liver. Lipoprotein dysfunction causes artherosclerosis (hardening of arteries) – yellow precipitation of cholesterol esters in the arterial walls. A disease that is progressive and can contribute to the formation of blood clots.
