Balanced and Unbalanced Forces PDF Lesson

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Once the file has loaded, edit this or any offline presentation program. presentation using Google Slides. 1 Grade 7 Unit 10: Understanding Forces Science Lesson 2 Balanced and Unbalanced Forces Science  Learning Competencies At the end of this lesson, the learners should be able to do the following: Identify and describe everyday situations that demonstrate: (a) balanced forces such as a box resting on an inclined plane, a man standing still, or an object moving with constant velocity (b) unbalanced forces, such as freely falling fruit or an accelerating car Draw a free-body diagram to represent the relative magnitude and direction of the forces involving balanced and unbalanced forces. Identify that when forces are not balanced, they can cause changes in the object’s speed or direction of motion. Understand the concept of friction and its role in balanced and unbalanced forces. (Enrichment) 4  Learning Targets At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to do the following: Differentiate between balanced and unbalanced forces. Create free-body diagrams to represent forces. Understand the effects of unbalanced forces on motion. Understand the role of friction in balanced and unbalanced forces. 5 Introduction Have you ever pushed a heavy box and felt it resist your push? Introduction Forces and friction are at work in this situation, and they are all around us, shaping how things move or stay still. Today's adventure will take us through the exciting world of forces, showing us how they create balance, cause motion, and how friction plays a critical role, especially in the unique landscapes and daily life in the Philippines.  Essential Question How do the concepts of balanced and unbalanced forces, as well as friction, manifest in competitive activities like tug-of-war, and what can these observations tell us about the physical principles governing our everyday experiences? Warm-Up Tug-of-War Challenge Have you played tug-of-war before? Let us play one and learn more about it in this activity! Warm-Up Materials rope a marker to mark the ground a stopwatch measuring tape  Warm-Up Step-by-Step Procedure Divide students into Mark a line on groups. Each team On "Go," Record the time the ground as takes one end of the each team taken and the starting rope, with the pulls as hard distance pulled point for the middle of the rope as they can. for each team. tug-of-war. aligned with the ground marker.  Warm-Up Data Table Team Name Distance Pulled Time of Contest (meters) (seconds)  Warm-Up Reflect & Discuss 1. Why do you think some teams were able to pull harder than others? Consider the forces involved. 2. How does the surface under the participants' feet affect their ability to pull? Relate this to friction. 3. Can you think of a situation where balanced forces are at play, similar to when the tug-of-war is at a standstill? Learn about It Forces in Tug-of-war: Balanced Forces Learn about It Forces in Tug-of-war: Unbalanced Forces  Learn about It Balanced and Unbalanced Forces When two or more forces are equal, then these forces are balanced. Balanced forces result in equilibrium. Objects stay in position (or at rest), with no motion. The equilibrium can be disturbed with unbalanced forces. This happens when the magnitude of one of the forces exceed the other. Learn about It Can you identify balanced and unbalanced forces in this picture? Did You Know Did you know that the world’s first rocket to reach space was powered by unbalanced forces? The thrust from the rocket engines pushed it up, fighting against Earth’s gravity.  Learn about It Friction Friction: A force that opposes the motion of one surface as it moves across another Can either help balance other forces or make them unbalanced, depending on the situation  Learn about It Free-Body Diagram A free-body diagram (FBD) is a graphical representation that depicts all the external forces acting upon a single object. Each force is illustrated as an arrow that has three essential characteristics: the arrow is labeled according to the type of force; it points in the direction the force is applied; and the length of the arrow reflects the relative magnitude of the force, with longer arrows indicating stronger forces and shorter arrows for weaker ones.  Learn about It Free-Body Diagram In FBD, we assume the following: The object is rigid. The mass of the object is constant. The object is not spinning and the forces acting on it will not make it spin. Learn about It Commonly Encountered Types of Forces in FBD motion Fnorm Ftens Fapp Ffric Fgrav Fgrav  Learn about It Free-Body Diagram In drawing FBD, we ask the following questions: What are the forces acting on the object? Where is the direction of the force? Are the forces acting on the object balanced or unbalanced?  Learn about It FBD Examples Consider a toy car sitting motionless on your study table. What are the forces acting on the object? Where is the direction of the force? Are the forces acting on the object balanced or unbalanced?  Learn about It FBD Examples Picture a skydiver plummeting towards the earth, speeding up as it falls. What are the forces acting on the object? Where is the direction of the force? Are the forces acting on the object balanced or unbalanced?  Learn about It FBD Examples Imagine pulling up a bucket full of water from a well using a rope. What are the forces acting on the object? Where is the direction of the force? Are the forces acting on the object balanced or unbalanced?  Learn about It FBD Examples Envision a toy car connected to a string that is being pulled to the left at a steady pace. What are the forces acting on the object? Where is the direction of the force? Are the forces acting on the object balanced or unbalanced? Learn about It Free-Body Diagram: Try This! Two boys are exerting forces on the box: one is pulling it with a rope while the other is pushing it on the other side. Draw the free-body diagram of the forces exerted on the box. Learn about It Calculating Net Force Learn about It Calculating Net Force Learn about It Calculating Net Force in FBD  Key Points Forces can cause objects to start moving, stop moving, speed up, slow down, or change direction. Balanced forces act on an object in opposite directions and are equal in size, causing no change in the object's motion. Unbalanced forces occur when the net force on an object is not zero, resulting in a change in the object's motion. Friction is a force that opposes the motion of an object, and it can be either beneficial or a hindrance, depending on the situation.  Key Points A free-body diagram (FBD) is a graphical representation used to visualize the forces acting on an object, helping to determine whether these forces are balanced or unbalanced. Synthesis What big ideas can you get from this lesson? Share it with the class! 34 Synthesis How can the principles of balanced and unbalanced forces, and the role of friction, influence your strategies in sports or in designing solutions to everyday problems? 35 Synthesis Did you know that engineers use the principles of friction to design wind turbine blades, making them more efficient in converting wind energy into electricity? Research more on this and share what you have learned in class next meeting! 36  Attributions Side view Peregoy, of cute Suzanne, and little Owen F.multiethnic Boyle. Reading,children pulling Writing, and Learningrope in ESL. in park New York:by LightFieldStudios Longman, 1997. is licensed under Envato Elements License Puzo, Mario. via Envato The Godfather. Elements. New York: Signet, 1978. Redmon, Allen H. “How Many Lebowskis Are There? Genre, Spectatorial Authorship, and The Big Lebowski.” Journal of Popular Film & Television 40, no. 2 (2012): 52–61. doi:10.1080/ 01956051.2011.613422 New black and white canvas sneakers on yellow background is licensed under Envato Elements License via Envato Elements. 37  References Halliday, David, Peregoy, Suzanne, andRobert Resnick, Owen F. Boyle. and Reading, Jearl Writing, andWalker. Learning in Fundamentals of Physics. ESL. New York: Longman, 1997. 10th ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, Puzo, Mario. The 2013. Godfather. New York: Signet, 1978. Redmon, Allen H. “How Many Lebowskis Are There? Genre, Spectatorial Authorship, and The Big Lebowski.” Journal of Popular Film & Television 40, no. 2 (2012): 52–61. doi:10.1080/ 01956051.2011.613422 Serway, Raymond A., and John W. Jewett. Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics. 9th ed. Stamford, CT: Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning, 2014. Young, Hugh D., and Roger A. Freedman. University Physics with Modern Physics. 14th ed. Boston, MA: Pearson, 2016. 38