Basics of Design - Day 1 PDF
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This document provides an overview of design elements and principles, covering topics like lines, colours, shapes, forms, textures, and space. It also discusses concepts of rhythm, balance, contrast, and how these principles relate to a variety of design forms.
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# Basics of Design - Day 1 ## Elements of Design There are 6 elements of Design: 1. **Line:** A connection between two dots. Line has only one dimension. - Straight line - Dotted line - Curved line 2. **Colour:** Second basic element of Design is colour. 3. **Shape:** Shape is an ar...
# Basics of Design - Day 1 ## Elements of Design There are 6 elements of Design: 1. **Line:** A connection between two dots. Line has only one dimension. - Straight line - Dotted line - Curved line 2. **Colour:** Second basic element of Design is colour. 3. **Shape:** Shape is an area defined by a line or a colour. - **Note:** Shapes are of two types: - **Geometric shapes:** Example: Circle, square, etc. They follow a rule. - **Organic shapes:** Example: Leaves, flowers, etc. They are random and are seen in nature. 4. **Forms (Solids):** Forms are basically 3D objects. Generally represented using shading and shadows. 5. **Texture:** Roughness/smoothness created using grain or pattern. 6. **Space:** They are positive and negative areas. - **Positive area:** Object placed in the background. - **Negative area:** Background placed in a design. - **Positive:** Figure (black) - **Negative:** Ground (white) ## Principles of Design (Rules) 1. **Balance:** Uniformity in the distribution of "visual weight" of elements in a design. The main visual weight factor: - **Colour:** Red (heaviest), Blue, Green, Orange, Yellow (lightest). - **Contrast** - **Lightness/Darkness** - **Size** - **Density:** Elements are packed together - **Complexity:** Complex shape - High contrast (More v.w) - Less contrast (Less v.w) **Three Types of Balance:** - **Symmetrical Balance:** Two equal halves (left = right, top = bottom) - Example: Human Body. - **Asymmetrical Balance:** Uniformity in visual weight of elements in a composition with no two equal halves. - **Radial Balance:** Uniformity in visual weight of elements about a centre point. - Mostly Radial Balance is also symmetrical balance. 2. **Rhythm:** Repetition creates rhythm in design. There are four types of rhythm: - **Regular Rhythm:** Repetition of the same element. - **Random Rhythm:** Repetition of random elements. - **Alternating Rhythm:** Some pattern or an alternating element. - **Progressive Rhythm:** Where there is a growth or progression, maybe an increasing or decreasing order. 3. **Unity and Variety:** Common difference. Balance between unity and variety creates harmony. 4. **Contrast:** Contrast is basically a difference. It might be in shape, colour, scale, or a layout. 5. **Emphasis/ Focus:** Creating an importance to an element. 6. **Proportion:** There should be a scale. Relative sizes and dimensions. 7. **Movement:** Visual path along elements in a composition. - **Vertical lines:** increase the sense of height. - **Horizontal lines:** increase the sense of width. - **Diagonal lines:** increase a sense of movement. - **Static (or) Stable:** No movement - **Dynamic:** Movement **Note:** - **Parallelism:** parallel lines. - **Foreshortening:** manipulating the scale (or) proportion in space. - **Fluidity:** Moment. - **Repetition:** Should be more than two.
