Contemporary Philippine Arts From The Regions PDF

MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUES Medium -- the material or the substance out of which a work is made. Through these materials, the artists express and communicate feelings and ideas. - In contemporary art, the medium has become largely dependent on conventions; artists are experimenting and inventing n...

MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUES Medium -- the material or the substance out of which a work is made. Through these materials, the artists express and communicate feelings and ideas. - In contemporary art, the medium has become largely dependent on conventions; artists are experimenting and inventing new mediums and techniques, thereby widening the range of artistic tools. ESSENCE OF ART - [Art as Human Creation] (a valid concept). Art in the sense of the artificial or the manmade is a concept that pertains to the product of human activity: a thing or state of affairs which is the end-result of conscious, purposive human activity. - Art doesn't imitate or copy anything, but it thrives on otherness, on the very essence what it means to be different and unique. Aart changes everything into something different. 7 FORMS OF ART - Painting - Sculpture - Literature - Architecture - Cinema/Film - Music - Theater SCULPTOR - Uses metal, wood, stone, clay, and glass. Sculptures fall within the category of *"three dimensional"* arts. - Three dimensional arts occupy space and have volume. ARCHITECT - Uses wood, bamboo, bricks, stone, concrete, and various building materials. - Buildings are also called *"three dimensional arts"* because like sculpture, they occupy space and have volume. PAINTER - Uses pigments (watercolor, oil, tempera, textile paint, acrylic, ink, etc.) on a usually flat ground (wood, canvas, paper, stone wall such as in cave paintings). PRINTMAKER - Uses ink printed or transferred on a surface. (wood, metal plates, or silk screen) that is in keeping with a duplication or reproducing process. - Prints and paintings are further classified as *"two dimensional"* arts because they include the surface or ground on which coloring substances are applied. MUSICIAN - Uses sound and instruments (including the human voice), while the dancer uses the body. - A T'boli chanter sings creation stories in a way that is different from a classical singer or pop music singer influenced by the western music scale. DANCER - Uses the body and its movements. Dance is often accompanied by music, but there are dancers that do not rely on musical accompaniment to be realized. THEATER ARTIST - Integrates all the arts and uses the stage, production design, performance elements, and script to enable the visual, musical, dance, and other aspects to come together as a whole work. PHOTOGRAPHER/FILMMAKER - Uses camera to record the outside world. The filmmaker uses the cinematographic camera to record and put together production design, sound engineering, performance, and screenplay. WRITER - Integrates all the arts and uses the stage, production design, performance elements, and script to enable the visual, musical, dance, and other aspects to come together as a whole work. CLASSIFICATIONS OF ARTS BASE ON THE MEDIUM: 1. [Musical Arts] -- include music, poetry, and dance that is accompanied by music. 2. [Practical Arts] -- use for everyday and business life such as design, architecture, and furniture. 3. [Environmental Arts] -- occupy space and change in its meaning and function depending on their categories including architecture, sculpture, and site-specific works such as installations and public art. 4. [Pictorial Arts] -- include painting, drawing, graphics, and stage and production design. 5. [Dramatic Arts] -- include drama, performance arts, music, and dance. 6. [Narrative Arts] TECHNIQUE - Manner in which artists use and manipulate materials to achieve the desired formal effect, and communicate the desired concept, or meaning according his or her personal style (modern, neoclassic, etc.). ART CRITIC - A systematic study and assessment of a piece of art. - Although no two people can have the same reaction to, or view, a work of art in the same way. 5 PRINCIPLES IN WRITING ART CRITIQUE DESCRIPTION - Describing the work for critiquing. - Gather important knowledge about the art. - Title of the artwork - Artist's name - When the piece was created - Where it was made - The types medium used to create the work *(e.g., oil paint on canvas)* - The exact size of the artwork DESCRIBE WHT YOU SEE - Describe the artwork using fair words. - Avoid using words like *"beautiful",* *"ugly", "evil",* or *"good"* DISCUSS THE WORK'S ELEMENTS - Explain the work in more detail - Describe the work in more detail - Talk about how art uses these five basic elements in arts and design *(e.g., line, color, space, light, and form)* DESCRIBE HOW TO USE THE LINE - Lines may be explicit or symbolic. Different line may produce various moods or effects. - **\[EX\]** The rough, sketchy lines build a sense of movement and independence, while the smooth, firm lines sound more still and carefully designed. SPEAK ABOUT HOW COLOR IS USED IN THE ARTWORK - Note characteristics such as **[hue]** (red, green, blue, etc.,), **[color]** (lightness or darkness), and **[strength.]** - Look at the overall color scheme and think how they fit together - *Do the colors clash or harmonious?* - *Does the work uses variety of color or monochromatic?* ELEMENTS OF ART LINE - Defined by point moving in space. Line may two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D), descriptive, implied, or abstract. 1. [Vertical Line] - \| 2. [Horizontal Line] - \_\_ 3. [Diagonal Line] -- 4. [Curved Line] - \~ 5. [Organic Line] -- lines from nature *(irregular lines)* COLOR - An element of art made up of three properties. 1. **Hue:** name of color. - *Warm Colors* -- adapted from the environment; long wavelength *\[green, blue, purple\].* - *Cool Colors* -- short wavelength *\[red, orange, yellow\].* 2. **Value:** hue's lightness or darkness (usage of white) \[white/gray/black\]. 3. **Intensity:** quality of brightness and purity/dullness \[yellow + gray = less intense\]. - *Primary:* Red, Blue, Yellow - *Secondary:* Purple, Green, Orange - *Tertiary:* combination of primary and secondary; primary and primary; secondary and secondary - ***2 SCHEMES:*** [Polychromatic Scheme] \[2 or more colors\]; [Monochromatic Scheme] \[1 color\] SHAPE - An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat or limited to height and width. FORM - An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses volume; height, width and depth *(as in a cube, a sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder)*. Form may also be free flowing. VALUE - The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the lightest value: black is the darkest. The value halfway between these extremes is called mid gray. SPACE - Element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art. - **Negative space** -- region of an unoccupied or area around the primary objects. - **Positive space** -- space occupied by primary objects; object itself or the object that we put on our blank canvas. TEXTURE - Element of art that refers to the way things feel or look as if they might feel if touch. PRINCIPLES OF ART - The means an artist uses to organize the elements within a work of art. RHYTHM - Principle of design that indicates movement, created by the careful placement of repeated elements in a work of art to cause a visual tempo or beat. - Repetition of elements in your artwork. Pleasing to the eyes. BALANCE - Way of combining elements to add a feeling of equilibrium or stability to a work of art. - **TYPES OF BALANCE** - *Symmetrical* -- same - *Asymmetrical* -- different EMPHASIS - Way of combining elements to stress the differences between those elements. PROPORTION - Principle of design that refers to the relationship of certain elements to the whole and to each other. GRADATION - Way of combining elements by using a series of gradual changes in those elements. *(Large shapes to small shapes; dark hue to light hue, etc.)* HARMONY - Way of combining elements in an artwork to accent their similarities *(achieved through use of repetitions and subtle gradual changes).* VARIETY - Principle of design concerned with diversity or contrast. Variety is achieved using different shapes, sizes, and/or colors in a work of art. MOVEMENT - Principle of design used to create the look and feeling of action and to guide the viewer's eye throughout the work of art.