AQUA-LAB-B.pptx

LABORATORY ACTIVITY PRESENTATION AQUA 3155 | LAB. B WHAT IS THE TANK BEING TESTED? CIRCULAR TANK PUMP-FED WATER CATFISH IDEAS ON TANK CULTURING CATFISH Circular tanks are good for catfish as it does not allow dead areas and it prevents the fish from being injured and stressed as it is efficient in r...

LABORATORY ACTIVITY PRESENTATION AQUA 3155 | LAB. B WHAT IS THE TANK BEING TESTED? CIRCULAR TANK PUMP-FED WATER CATFISH IDEAS ON TANK CULTURING CATFISH Circular tanks are good for catfish as it does not allow dead areas and it prevents the fish from being injured and stressed as it is efficient in removing wastes. Catfish have an accessory organ to breathe in oxygen; they can breathe oxygen like humans. THE PROCESS SIDE 1 SIDE 2 GET WATER FROM EACH SIDE OF THE TANK AS BIGGER TANKS CAN'T REACH THE CENTER. SIDE 3 THE PROCESS TEST EACH WATER IN 5 SOLUTION. THE PROCESS BE GUIDED BY THE INSTRUCTION THE PROCESS SEE THE FRESHWATER MASTER TEST KIT DIRECTION TO DETERMINE THE RESULT THE DIFFERENT TEST SOLUTION NITRATE (NO²) (Solution 1 & Solution 2) It is produced by the beneficial bacteria in the water and filters as they break down the fish’s toxic waste products (ammonia and nitrite). AMMONIA (NH3/NH4+) (Solution 1 & Solution 2) It is the waste product of fish it also the uneaten food, and other decaying organic matter. so, ammonia measures the toxic ammonia that can harm the catfish. pH It is the measure of acidity and alkalinity of water. High Range pH It is the measure of acidity and alkalinity of water but it reads a higher range. NITRITE (NO²) Nitrite is produced by beneficial filtration bacteria as they break down the harmful waste ammonia excreted by the fish. The Result Solution Nitrate (NO²) (Solutions 1 and 2) Ammonia (NH³/NH4+) (Solutions 1 and 2) pH High Range pH Nitrite (NO²) Side 1 Side 2 Side 3/Middle Is it safe to fish? Yes 0 ppm 0 ppm 0 ppm 0 ppm 0 ppm 0 ppm 0 ppm 0 ppm 0 ppm 0.25 ppm 0.25 ppm 0.25 ppm 7.6 7.0 7.0 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.4 7.4 7.4 8.0 7.4 8.2 0 ppm 0 ppm 0 ppm 0 ppm 0 ppm 0 ppm Yes Yes Yes Yes Solution Ideal Water Quality Potential Source of Pollution Ways to improve/ maintain water quality Nitrate (NO²) (Solutions 1 and 2) 0 – 40 ppm are generally safe to catfishfish/fish Decomposing Organic Waste (fish waste, decaying plants, uneaten fish food) Minimizing Nitrite input Promoting its removal/uptake Conducting water changes Installing a Refugium Using microbes Ammonia (NH³/NH4+) (Solutions 1 and 2) Below 0.02 is safe. 0.02 – 0.05 can cause gill and organ damage and other factors. Above 0.05 is not safe Decomposing Organic Waste (fish waste, decaying plants, uneaten fish food) Stop feeding or reduce feeding rate Increase aeration Add lime Fertilize with phosphorus Reduce tank depth Flush tank with well water pH 6.5-7.5 is good range of pH level. Below 4 is not safe and fish will die due to water acidity. Source of Water Biological Processes Additives Regular water changes can help maintain proper water chemistry and prevent sudden shifts in pH, alkalinity, nitrate, and other parameters that affect fish health. Air pumps Oxygenation Water exchange Water temperature monitoring Solution Ideal Water Quality Potential Source of Pollution High Range pH 6.5-7.5 is good range of pH level. Below 4 is not safe and fish will die due to water acidity. 9-11 will retard fish growth. Above 11 fish will ultimately die. Source of Water Biological Processes Additives 0 – 40 ppm are generally safe to catfishfish/fish Above 0.75 ppm can cause stress. Above 5ppm is toxic Decomposing Organic Waste (fish waste, decaying plants, uneaten fish food) Nitrite (NO²) Ways to improve/ maintain water quality Regular water changes can help maintain proper water chemistry and prevent sudden shifts in pH, alkalinity, nitrate, and other parameters that affect fish health. Air pumps Oxygenation Water exchange Water temperature monitoring Change the water Feed properly Monitor water quality Use a good filter TURBIDITY It is the measurement of water clarity (i.e., transparency). A higher turbidity reading represents cloudier and ‘thicker’ water with more particles throughout. When water is clear, it has low turbidity levels. Is the measure of relative clarity of a liquid and how much light can pass through a water sample. TESTING TURBIDITY Submerge the tool until it is no longer visible and measure the depth of disappearance and depth of reappearance. IN CENTIMETERS Disappearance Reappearance IN CENTIMETERS 1st Pond 28 cm 16 cm 1st Pond 2nd Pond 19 cm 10 cm 2nd Pond 3rd Pond 28 cm 13 cm 3rd Pond NTU – Nephelometric Turbidity Units IN NPU Disappearance Reappearance 1st Pond 28.8 to 29.2 = 27 NTU 14.1 to 16.5 = 65 NTU 2nd Pond 16.6 to 19.1 = 40 NTU 9.6 to 10.8 = 120 NTU 3rd Pond 28.8 to 29.2 = 27 NTU 12.1 to 14.0 = 90 NTU A few key measurements to consider as benchmarks for water clarity include: >10 NTU = Fish and other aquatic wildlife demonstrate signs of stress. >5 NTU = not recommended for recreational use 1-5 NTU = EPA Drinking Water Standards (depending on the type of filtration system in place) DISSOLVED OXYGEN Dissolved oxygen (DO) is the amount of oxygen that is present in water. Water bodies receive oxygen from the atmosphere and from aquatic plants. DO is considered an important measure of water quality as it is a direct indicator of an aquatic resource’s ability to support aquatic life. DISSOLVED OXYGEN mg per liter DISSOLVED OXYGEN 1st Pond 4.22 1st Pond 2nd Pond 4.45 2nd Pond 3rd Pond 3.88 3rd Pond According to National Aquatic Resource Surveys: DO levels less than 5mg/L are considered stressful for fish. DO levels less than 3mg/L are too low to support fish. DO levels below 1mg/L are considered hypoxic and usually devoid of life. TEMPERATURE Water temperature is a key water quality variable because it influences all other water quality variables and aquatic organisms, as well. TEMPERATURE IN CELSIUS 1st Pond 29.1 2nd Pond 33.3 3rd Pond 32.5 Ideally, your pond water temperature should be: Between 20 and 25 degrees celsius – making sure not to exceed 29 degrees celsius. Water that reaches a temperature above 29 degrees celsius becomes hazardous to your fish. The higher temperature means that it becomes less aerated, and the reduced oxygen levels could stop your fish from breathing. REFERENCES Connexion. (2023, August 21). 5 simple ways to keep your pond water in good health. Healthy Ponds. https://healthyponds.com/5-simple-ways-to-keep-your-pond-water-in-good-health/?fbclid=IwAR0u3L2t91r6pTAoshuFpdyN00n1B53gEeXqzvA9C8vsh-RA7CPfXLNpg8w pH in Fish Farming | Yokogawa Philippines. (n.d.). https://www.yokogawa.com/ph/library/resources/application-notes/ph-in-fish-farming/?fbclid=IwAR3u_Nee6b4A4-KCVqR3vHf2POPknfMBLpvHKxLprGAaGDAcvbiS3Os7gtI Towers, L. (2020, October 14). Water quality monitoring and management for catfish ponds. The Fish Site. https://thefishsite.com/articles/water-quality-monitoring-and-management-for-catfish-ponds?fbclid=IwAR3bwxb5EyNEM6rAcGYgHxMw5eEx5uYd0lggeuSCv4YpranJH7yU7O N9Keg