Animal Science AS 1 - Chapter 1 PDF

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE SYSTEMS AND TEHCNOLOGY Department of Animal Science AS 1 – PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL SCIENCE GLADYS M. BALLANO ARRIZ L. CABIGTING ALDRIN P. LUMANOG BETTINA CLAIRE A. MACALINO ALVIN S. SANCHEZ LOREEN LOI...

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE SYSTEMS AND TEHCNOLOGY Department of Animal Science AS 1 – PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL SCIENCE GLADYS M. BALLANO ARRIZ L. CABIGTING ALDRIN P. LUMANOG BETTINA CLAIRE A. MACALINO ALVIN S. SANCHEZ LOREEN LOIS V. VITALICIO Instructors  WHAT IS ANIMAL SCIENCE? Animal Science is an applied zoology- it deals more with domesticated animals that are produced for food, companionship, gaming and recreation, and other purposes. Animal Science is the study of the biology and management of higher animals. in a detailed perspective, it refers to the different fundamental disciplines that deal with animal life.  ADVANTAGES OF ANIMAL PRODUCTION Animal production is a form of progressive agriculture. Sources of good food for the family. Utilization of products of factories. Animals improve soil fertility. Animal production makes good use of farm wastes.  DISADVANTAGES OF ANIMAL PRODUCTION Big capital is necessary to start the animal project. Animal products are perishable. Diseases cause big losses. Feed problems. Marketing problems.  ECONOMIC UTILITY DERIVED FROM ANIMALS Food- chicken, buffalo, swine etc. Power/Work- buffalo, ox, horses, dogs Protection/Security/Guide Pets- dogs, cats etc. Sports- dogs, birds Research Clothing and aesthetic use FARM ANIMALS  CATTLE (Bos taurus and Bos indicus) and CARABAO (Bubalus bubalis) Bull – male breeding ox of any age Bull calf – young male calf under one year of age Bullock – usually a stag for draft purposes Calf – young ox of either sex, under one year of age Cattle – domesticated bovine animals Cow – mature female ox, one that has given birth Carabull – male breeding carabao of any age Caracow – mature female carabao, one that has given birth Caraheifer – young female carabao under three years of age usually one that has not yet given birth Heifer – young female ox under the age of three years, usually one that has not yet given birth Proven Sire – bull about whom one have sufficient unselected information to indicate his transmitting ability Ox – ruminant member of the bovine family, or sometimes the male used for draft purposes Stag – male ox castrated after sexual maturity Steer – male ox castrated before sexual maturity HORSE (Equus caballus) Broodmare – a female horse used for breeding purposes Colt – young male horse usually up to the age of three years Equitation – horsemanship; the art of riding on horseback Filly – young female horse usually up to the age of three years old Foal – young horse of either age below one year of age Gelding – horse which was castrated while young Mare – mature female horse  Ridgling – stallion with only one testis or none in its scrotum Stallion – mature male horse Studhorse – a stallion used for breeding purposes Yield mare or dry mare – one which has not produced any young during the breeding season SWINE (Sus scrofa) Boar – male pig of any age Barrow – male pig which was castrated while young; a pig that was castrated before the secondary sex characteristics have developed Gilt – young female pig under the one year of age, usually one that has no yet given birth Litter – group of pigs born in one farrowing Litter Size – the number of young pigs born in one farrowing Shote – young pig of either sex, weighing approximately 60kg Sow – mature female pig, one that has given birth Stag – a male pig castrated after sexual maturity Suckling – young pigs from birth up to weaning Weanling – young pigs separated from the sow, about 5 weeks old SHEEP (Ovis aries) and GOAT (Capra hircus) Billy goat or buck – male goat of any age Doe – female goat of any age Ewe – female sheep of any age Fleece – wool covering the sheep Kid – young goat of either sex below one year of age Lamb – young sheep of either sex below one year of age Pelt – wool and skin of sheep Ram – male sheep of any age for breeding purposes Shearling – yearling sheep with two teeth Wether Goat – male goat castrated before the secondary sex characters have developed Wether Sheep – male sheep which was castrated while young preferably between 1 to 3 weeks of age  POULTRY SPECIES Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos) Muscovy Duck (Cairina moschata) Goose (Anser domesticus) Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) Quail (Coturnix coturnix) Capon – a caponized male, readily distinguished by the undeveloped comb and wattles Chick – young chicken while in the down stage Cockerel – a male fowl less than one year old Drake – a male duck Duck – a female duck Duckling – the young duck in the down stage Hen – a female chicken Poult – the young of the domestic turkey, properly applied until sex can be distinguished Poultry – a collective term for all domestic birds rendering economic service to man; can also refer to dressed carcass of fowls Plumage – the feathers of a fowl Pullet – a female fowl less than one year old Rooster – a male fowl one year old or over THE ACT OF GIVING BIRTH OF ANIMALS CATTLE - CALVING CARABAO - CALVING HORSE - FOALING SWINE - FARROWING GOAT - KIDDING SHEEP - LAMBING  ACT OF BREEDING Cattle and Carabao - Serving Goat - Serving Pig - Coupling Sheep - Tupping Horse - Covering Rabbit - Servicing THANK YOU!