Alcohol and Relevance in Dentistry - Impact of Alcohol on Oral and General Health PDF

Alcohol and Oral Health – Part 3 Sarah Balian Oral and Dental Sciences GDC Learning Outcomes Recognise psychological and sociological factors that contribute to poor oral health, the course of diseases 1.1.11 and the success of treatment 1.2.1 Recognise the importance of and...

Alcohol and Oral Health – Part 3 Sarah Balian Oral and Dental Sciences GDC Learning Outcomes Recognise psychological and sociological factors that contribute to poor oral health, the course of diseases 1.1.11 and the success of treatment 1.2.1 Recognise the importance of and carry out an appropriate systematic intra- and extra-oral clinical examination 1.2.3 Recognise the significance of changes in the patient’s reported oral health status and take appropriate action 1.7.7 Refer to other members of the dental team or other health professionals 1.7.8 Recognise the need for and make arrangements for appropriate follow-up care Underpin all patient care with a preventive approach that contributes to the patient’s long-term oral health 1.10.3 and general health Describe the health risks of diet, drugs and substance misuse, and substances such as tobacco and alcohol 1.10.6 on oral and general health and provide appropriate advice, referral and support 3.1 Communicate effectively and sensitively at all times with and about patients, their representatives and the general public difficult circumstances, such as when breaking bad news, and when discussing issues, such as alcohol 3.1c consumption, smoking or Intended Learning Outcomes Outline the relevance of alcohol consumption and its health impact in relation to the UK population. Develop and demonstrate the role of dental care professionals in delivering key general health messages. Screen patients with recommended screening toolkits Evaluate data and deliver appropriate advice to patients and signpost where needed. Discuss the impact of alcohol on oral and general health.  Assessment Formative Summative Unseen cases Unseen cases Class discussion Case presentations Clinical activity Oral effects of Alcohol Cancer Periodontal Disease 1 8 Halitosis 2 7 Tooth Wear Trauma 3 6 Caries 4 5 Staining Self-care Cancer Read this article and place your reasons for alcohol and increased risk of oral cancer on discussion board  Halitosis Subjective Increased level of volatile sulphur compounds in daily drinkers to non daily drinkers Proposal of theories of malodour  Trauma Over a decade ago 22% of all facial traumas was related to alcohol consumption. Additionally, the prevalence of dental trauma is significantly higher in those that binge drink A positive association has also been found between high alcohol consumption and the lifetime risk of dental trauma Staining  Periodontal Disease Place your thoughts and findings regarding alcohol and periodontal disease Increased bleeding on discussion board. Impact on periodontal pathogens Immunological pro-inflammatory cytokines Lagos J P, Costa F, Corelli S et al. Alcohol consumption and periodontitis: quantification of periodontal pathogens and cytokines. J Periodontol 2015; 86: 1058–1068 Compliance / immunosuppression / diet  Sarrett D C, Coletti D P, Peluso A R. The effects of alcoholic beverages on composite wear. Tooth wear Dent Mater 2000; 16: 62–67. Patients with chronic alcoholism have significantly more wear. Commonly palatal surfaces of upper anteriros. It has also been demonstrated that drinks with a greater than 9% alcohol volume can result in the wear of composites pH of alcoholic and mixer drinks  Caries Multi-factorial More caries found in alcohol dependent groups compared to social drinkers Consider – salivary flow? Buffering capacity? Sugar in alcoholic drinks and mixers? Pace of drinking? Cravings? Self-care?  Sugar content of alcoholic and mixer drinks Self care Link about the impact of frequent increased above recommended allowance of alcohol: Place your thoughts and findings regarding alcohol and self care on discussion board. Required Reading Please refer to reading material on Moodle Page. Additional reading Harris C K, Warnakulasiriya K A, Johnson N W, Gelbier S, Peters P J. Oral health in alcohol misusers. Community Dent Health 1996; 13: 199–203 Sarrett D C, Coletti D P, Peluso A R. The effects of alcoholic beverages on composite wear. Dent Mater 2000; 16: 62–67 Tezal M, Grossi S, Ho A, Genco R. Alcohol consumption and periodontal disease. The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Clin Periodontol 2004; 31: 484–488. Tezal M, Grossi S, Ho A, Genco R. The effect of alcohol consumption on periodontal disease. J Periodontol 2001; 72: 183–189. Alcohol and General Health  Alcohol and physical health Linked to more than 60 diseases and conditions Can be divided into Short-term and Long-term health risks. Short-term health risks Alcohol poisoning Injuries Violence reproductive health  Long term health risks Refer to liver disease lecture Cancer – group 1 carcinogen (IARC) – causative factor in cancers oral & other body. Weight gain and links