Airside Traffic Directives 2022 Vancouver International Airport PDF

Vancouver International Airport AIRSIDE TRAFFIC DIRECTIVES December 2022 Superintendent, Airside Vehicle Operations VANCOUVER AIRPORT AUTHORITY, RICHMOND, BC AVOP TELEPHONE 604.276.6774 EMAIL [email protected] Copyright Notice This document is published under the direction of Vancouver Airport Authority and is considered to contain intellectual and proprietary information. © 2022 Vancouver Airport Authority, also known as the Airport Authority. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in any electronic form, or translated into any language, without the written consent of the owner. Any unauthorized reproduction or transmission in whole or in part is strictly prohibited and may result in criminal or civil liability. Pursuant to the foregoing, the Vancouver Airport Authority authorizes all or portions of this document to be photocopied, reproduced or distributed specifically in connection with initial or recurring training for airside operations at Vancouver International Airport, provided that any such use includes an acknowledgement of Vancouver Airport Authority’s ownership of and rights to the subject material. For information about the Airside Traffic Directives, please contact: Superintendent, Airside Vehicle Operations PO Box 44638 YVR Domestic Terminal RPO Richmond, BC V7B 1W2 Canada Phone: 604.276.6774 Email: [email protected] Directives Revision The Office of Primary Interest (OPI) for the Airside Traffic Directives is the Superintendent, Airside Vehicle Operations. The OPI is responsible for establishing, administering, and maintaining the directives. This document will be reviewed annually and revised, as required, to reflect changes in legal requirements and safety practices. December 2022 Page 2 Airside Traffic Directives Table of Contents Copyright Notice..................................................................................................................................... 2 Directives Revision................................................................................................................................. 2 Introduction................................................................................................................................6 Directive Objectives................................................................................................................................ 6 Guidelines and Regulations.................................................................................................................... 6 Provincial and Federal Statutes..................................................................................................7 Airport Traffic Regulations...................................................................................................................... 7 Motor Vehicle Act and Criminal Code of Canada................................................................................... 7 Canada Labour Code............................................................................................................................. 8 Canadian Aviation Regulations.............................................................................................................. 8 Employer Commitments.............................................................................................................9 Training................................................................................................................................................... 9 AVOP Application Process......................................................................................................... 10 Restricted Area Identification Card....................................................................................................... 10 Vancouver Airport Authority AVOP Office............................................................................................ 10 Airside Vehicle Operator’s Permit......................................................................................................... 10 AVOP Designations.............................................................................................................................. 11 Multi-Employer AVOP........................................................................................................................... 11 AVOP Designations for Contractors – See Appendix A....................................................................... 12 AVOP for Rehired Employees.............................................................................................................. 12 Training & Testing.................................................................................................................... 13 Knowledge Test.................................................................................................................................... 13 Practical Driving Test............................................................................................................................ 13 Retesting............................................................................................................................................... 13 Company Trainer/Examiner Designation............................................................................................. 14 Training Records.................................................................................................................................. 15 Company Trainer/Examiner Violations................................................................................................. 15 Enforcement & Violations......................................................................................................... 16 Enforcement Personnel........................................................................................................................ 16 Operator Cooperation and Compliance................................................................................................ 16 Violations.............................................................................................................................................. 17 Violation Classes and Points................................................................................................................ 17 Multiple Violations................................................................................................................................. 20 Suspension of Privileges...................................................................................................................... 20 Expiry of Violation Points...................................................................................................................... 20 Suspension of AVOP Privileges........................................................................................................... 21 Suspension Period............................................................................................................................... 21 Retraining or Retesting......................................................................................................................... 22 Determination of Consequences.......................................................................................................... 22 Suspension of Restricted Area Identification Card............................................................................... 22 Violation Notice Reviews and Appeals................................................................................................. 23 General Rules........................................................................................................................... 25 Airside Prohibitions............................................................................................................................... 25 Page 3 December 2022 Pedestrians........................................................................................................................................... 26 Rules for Vehicle Operations................................................................................................................ 26 Right-of-Way......................................................................................................................................... 27 Traffic Signs and Markings................................................................................................................... 27 Speed Limits......................................................................................................................................... 27 Vehicle Corridors.................................................................................................................................. 28 Vehicle Gate Access (SECURITY)....................................................................................................... 29 Fuelling and Servicing Operations........................................................................................................ 29 Access to Fuel Truck Compound......................................................................................................... 30 Vehicle Fuelling.................................................................................................................................... 30 Anti-idling.............................................................................................................................................. 30 Parking / Unattended Vehicles............................................................................................................. 31 Special Areas........................................................................................................................................ 31 Traffic Accidents................................................................................................................................... 36 Environmental Incidents....................................................................................................................... 37 FOD – Foreign Object Debris/Damage................................................................................................ 37 Towing.................................................................................................................................................. 39 Cargo Handling..................................................................................................................................... 39 Golf Carts.............................................................................................................................................. 40 Aprons – Taxiways - Runways................................................................................................... 41 Key Terms............................................................................................................................................ 41 Taxiways............................................................................................................................................... 42 Signs, Lighting, Lines, and Markings.................................................................................................... 42 Runways............................................................................................................................................... 45 Aprons.................................................................................................................................................. 48 Markings............................................................................................................................................... 49 Safety Cones and Wheel Chocks......................................................................................................... 53 Airside Roads....................................................................................................................................... 53 Vehicle Corridors.................................................................................................................................. 53 Airport South Operations.......................................................................................................... 55 Apron I and Apron II............................................................................................................................. 55 South Perimeter Road.......................................................................................................................... 56 Taxiway Charlie (C).............................................................................................................................. 57 Beaching Gear Vehicles....................................................................................................................... 57 Helicopter Operations........................................................................................................................... 57 Weather.................................................................................................................................... 58 Reduced and Low Visibility Operations................................................................................................ 58 Manoeuvring Areas.............................................................................................................................. 59 MLAT Vehicle Transponder – New requirement for Vehicle Locator equipment................................. 60 Aprons and Roadways......................................................................................................................... 61 Free Range Authority........................................................................................................................... 63 Remote Stand Operations (RSO)......................................................................................................... 63 Construction.......................................................................................................................................... 63 Engine Run-ups.................................................................................................................................... 64 Manoeuvring Area Operations.................................................................................................. 65 Operating Rules.................................................................................................................................... 65 ILS Sensitive and Critical Areas........................................................................................................... 68 Green Islands....................................................................................................................................... 68 Grass Infields........................................................................................................................................ 69 Low-Visibility Operations...................................................................................................................... 69 Engine Run-ups.................................................................................................................................... 69 Vehicle Breakdown and Equipment Failures........................................................................................ 70 December 2022 Page 4 Airside Traffic Directives Driver Disorientation............................................................................................................................. 70 Temporary Barriers............................................................................................................................... 71 Marking of Vehicles in Controlled Area................................................................................................ 71 Appendices............................................................................................................................... 72 Appendix A: Special Permits and Permissions.................................................................................... 72 Appendix B: ning Procedures............................................................................................................... 73 Appendix C: Mobile Equipment............................................................................................................ 75 Appendix D: Vehicle Requirements...................................................................................................... 76 Appendix E: Radio Procedures............................................................................................................ 78 Appendix F: Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations.............................................................................. 84 Appendix G: Radio Frequencies and Phone Numbers........................................................................ 88 Appendix H: Training Maps.................................................................................................................. 89 Appendix J: Study Guide...................................................................................................................... 97 Introduction.............................................................................................................................. 98 Steps for Success................................................................................................................................. 98 Signs & Markings...................................................................................................................... 99 Label the following signs and markings with their descriptions............................................................ 99 Practice Questions.................................................................................................................. 101 Find and learn the answers to the following questions:...................................................................... 101 Index....................................................................................................................................... 105 Page 5 December 2022 Introduction Welcome to the YVR Airside Traffic Directives (ATDs). As a vehicle operator at an airport, you face conditions that are not normally encountered on public streets and highways. These directives provide the knowledge of airport rules and regulations that you need to be qualified and authorized to operate in this unique environment. Directive Objectives The main objectives of the ATDs are to: ▪ Promote and enhance airside safety. ▪ Establish the rules by which vehicles and equipment operating airside at Vancouver International Airport (YVR) must be operated ▪ Establish the standards applicable to vehicles and equipment operating airside at Vancouver International Airport (YVR). ▪ Ensure consistency between personnel representing Vancouver Airport Authority and other agencies, organizations, or companies. ▪ Serve as a reference and training tool for airside vehicle operators. NOTE: You must read the current edition of the ATDs and understand your responsibilities when operating a vehicle or piece of equipment on the airfield. You are expected to interpret this document reasonably and act in the best interest of aviation safety and security. Guidelines and Regulations The ATDs for YVR have been developed to mirror the Canadian Airports Council National Minimum Training Guidelines The AVOP (Airside Vehicle Operator's Permit) program is administered in accordance with all applicable federal and provincial regulations, including the following: ▪ Aeronautics Act ▪ Canadian Aviation Regulations ▪ Aerodrome Standards and Recommended Practices TP312 ▪ BC Motor Vehicle Act ▪ Criminal Code of Canada ▪ Canada Labour Code ▪ Airport Traffic Regulations December 2022 Page 6 Airside Traffic Directives Provincial and Federal Statutes Airside motor vehicle operation is regulated both by provincial and federal statutes. Airport Traffic Regulations Section 14(b) of the Airport Traffic Regulations1 provides that no person may operate a vehicle in a “restricted area” (all of airside) without a “valid identification” (a valid Airside Vehicle Operations Permit). The maximum penalty for operating a vehicle airside without a “valid identification” is $500 and 6-months imprisonment2. In addition to the potential for prosecution under the Airport Traffic Regulations, driving a motor vehicle airside without a valid AVOP will result in the following: ▪ Immediate temporary suspension of security clearance, including confiscation of Restricted Area Identification Card (RAIC) ▪ Ineligibility period of 365 days for any application for an AVOP ▪ An “AVOP violation” with corresponding AVOP and RAIC suspensions3 Motor Vehicle Act and Criminal Code of Canada To maintain a valid AVOP, all airside driving rules must be followed. As airside aprons and roadways are “private roads,” several provisions of the Motor Vehicle Act (BC)4 and all provisions relating to motor vehicles in the Criminal Code of Canada apply to the airside operation of motor vehicles. To operate a motor vehicle airside: 1. You must hold the correct class of AVOP (and display it on your RAIC) for operation of a motor vehicle in the relevant airside area. 2. You must abide by any restrictions relevant to both your RAIC and the class of AVOP you hold. 3. You must hold a valid licence to drive that type and class of vehicle5. 1 Airport Traffic Regulations, CRC, c886, enacted pursuant to the Government Property Traffic Act, RSC 1985, c G-6 2 Airport Traffic Regulations, Section 39 3 See Section Violations, for more information. 4 The Motor Vehicle Act (BC) Section 2(9) provides that only Sections 95, 102, and 144 of the Motor Vehicle Act (BC) may be enforced against industrial users of private road highways. 5 Although the penalty provisions for not holding the right class of license under the Motor Vehicle Act (BC) do not apply on private roads, Section 2(10) of the Motor Vehicle Act (BC) states that the operator must still have the right class of license to operate a vehicle on a private road. Driving without the correct class of license leads to insurance complications, in the event of an accident. Page 7 December 2022 4. You must not operate any vehicle airside when subject to any driving suspension / prohibition or period of disqualification under the Motor Vehicle Act (BC) or Criminal Code of Canada. All four of these requirements must be met to have a “valid AVOP.” While operating a motor vehicle airside: ▪ You must know, follow, and comply with all ATDs as set out and modified from time to time by the Airport Authority that relate to the class of AVOP you hold and the airside location of motor vehicle operation. ▪ You must meet the minimum standards of driver care set out in Section 144 of the Motor Vehicle Act (BC). ▪ You must not commit any criminal act of driving contrary to the Criminal Code of Canada. Canada Labour Code Section 1.1.2 ▪ Operators must wear personal protection equipment, such as seatbelts and hearing protection, in accordance with the Canada Labour Code, Canada occupational Health and Safety Regulations, manufacturers operating manual, and/or any other applicable legislation and workplace safety guidelines. Canadian Aviation Regulations In addition, the Canadian Aviation Regulations make it a federal regulatory offence to: ▪ Walk, stand, drive, or park a vehicle in a manner that causes an obstruction on the movement area of an airport, except with the appropriate permissions of the Airport Authority6 ▪ Smoke or display an open flame in an area where smoking or having an open flame is likely to create a fire hazard7 IMPORTANT: AVOP trainees may operate a vehicle when a fully licensed operator (Trainer) is present and supervising the trainee. All other rules of the ATDs apply. For enforcement, the Trainer is accountable for all the trainee’s actions and enforcement actions would be applied to the Trainer’s AVOP. 6 Section 302.10 of the Canadian Aviation Regulations SOR/96-433, enacted pursuant to the Aeronautics Act R.S.C., 1985, c. A-2 7 Section 302.11 of the Canadian Aviation Regulations SOR/96-433, enacted pursuant to the Aeronautics Act R.S.C., 1985, c. A-2 December 2022 Page 8 Airside Traffic Directives Employer Commitments Training Employers are responsible to provide their employees with training, both initial and recurrent, on the Airside Traffic Directives. At a minimum AVOP Applicants must: ▪ Understand all airport rules and regulations and these Airside Traffic Directives, including: o The requirement to have an AVOP, hold a driver’s licence that is valid in BC* for the class of vehicle being operated airside, and be fully trained and in compliance with their company policies. *BC Driver’s License (Class 7N or Class 5 or higher) or equivalent Canadian provincial or territorial or US State driver’s licenses only. o Safety considerations while operating equipment on the airfield. o The requirement to be trained and qualified by their employer: in the operation of each type of equipment they operate; and to have received practical familiarization training on the areas they will be operating airside. o The processes used by their employer to keep employees informed of changes in the Airside Traffic Directives and in the airside operating environment. o How AVOP infractions are issued and administered and the responsibility of both the AVOP Holder and employer in that process. o Employers have the requirement to ensure their employees have the means to access and understand YVR electronic AVOP Bulletins. REMEMBER: All training material, including airfield maps (see Appendix H: Training Maps), are to be supplied by the applicant’s employer. Originals of the maps and any other documents needed for training can be requested from the AVOP Office Page 9 December 2022 AVOP Application Process Restricted Area Identification Card All airside areas are restricted areas. These areas are normally designated by a security gate and/or signage, and entry is restricted to individuals authorized by the Airport Authority. To enter a restricted area, employees must display a Restricted Area Identification Card (RAIC) above the waist or be accompanied by an airside escort. A RAIC gives you access to a specific restricted area during a specified period. When on the airfield, this card must be clearly visible. If you also have one of the valid AVOP designations described below, the letters “D/A” or “D” will be printed on the RAIC or a face card. The AVOP designation is NOT VALID unless the designation has been added and printed on your RAIC or face card. In other words - having completed the AVOP exam does not authorize you to drive airside until the designation has been printed on your RAIC. Vancouver Airport Authority AVOP Office Vancouver Airport Authority AVOP Office is located at the Access Control Office DTB Level 1 Phone: 604.276.6774. Email: [email protected] Airside Vehicle Operator’s Permit To operate vehicles/mobile equipment airside at YVR, the operator must hold an Airside Vehicle Operator’s Permit (AVOP). To qualify for, and continue to hold an AVOP, the operator must: Demonstrate and maintain a business requirement to hold an AVOP. Be in possession of a valid BC Driver’s License (Class 7N or Class 5 or higher) or equivalent Canadian provincial or territorial or US State driver’s licenses only. Demonstrate they have a thorough knowledge of the ATDs relevant to the type of AVOP designation they are seeking by successfully completing a general knowledge test. Demonstrate their competency to drive airside by successfully completing a practical driving test airside At the time of application, the driver’s licence must be presented to the Access Control Office for verification. A BC Class 7 L learner’s (L) licence or its equivalents from other provinces, territories, or states is not acceptable. All statutory restrictions that are in place for a particular class of licence, or for the individual driver, must be adhered to. Any revocation, suspension, or infraction of a driver’s licence that impairs, restricts, suspends, or revokes an individual’s ability to operate a motor vehicle constitutes a restriction, suspension, or revocation of an equivalent period of time of an AVOP. An AVOP will not be issued, (applied to a RAIC) without verification of the holder’s qualifications. December 2022 Page 10 Airside Traffic Directives REMEMBER: All driver’s licence expiries, revocations, suspensions, and infractions must be immediately reported to the AVOP office. Failure to immediately report a driver’s license suspension or expiry will result in the suspension of the holder’s AVOP for 30 days. AVOP Designations There are four types of AVOP designations issued: D/A AVOP: You need this permit to operate equipment on the aprons and other uncontrolled areas of the airport. D/A AVOPs expire with your RAIC unless you have been tested within one year of that date. D/A Green AVOP: This permit is similar to the D/A AVOP, but it limits the driver to areas covered by the South Airport RAIC. D/A AVOPs expire with your RAIC unless you have been tested within one year of that date. D AVOP: This permit is required to enter the manoeuvring area of the airport. In addition, you must have a valid Aeronautical Radio Operator’s Certificate issued through Industry Canada. The D AVOP expires 3 years from the date of issuance. Free-Range Endorsement: This limited permit, along with a D AVOP designation to operate on the manoeuvring area of the airport with free range, as deemed necessary by the Superintendent. Free-Range AVOPs expires 1 year from the date of issuance and must be renewed annually along with the D AVOP. IMPORTANT: The Airport Authority does not advise holders of the upcoming expiry of an AVOP. Holders are responsible for ensuring that retesting is completed before the expiry date. Multi-Employer AVOP The AVOP is issued to the holder with one company and does not automatically entitle the holder to drive airside with another company. Note: A D AVOP is ineligible for transfer; one must retake the practical and written exams with the Access Control Office. An additional AVOP request for work with another employer requires the following: An application to be submitted by the new employer. If no violations have occurred in last 6 months and the last knowledge test was administered by the YVR AVOP Department, the D/A or D/A Green AVOP designation can be transferred between companies. For D/A to D/A and D/A Green to D/A Green transfers, in which the employee has not completed their written exam within six months, additional certification will be required. Page 11 December 2022 Companies sponsoring the AVOP transfer must have a signing authority sign the form, indicating their approval of the AVOP transfer. AVOP Designations for Contractors – See Appendix A AVOP for Rehired Employees An employee who leaves a company but is rehired within 3 months with the same company may apply for restoration of their AVOP subject to: Completion of a new application form. If no violations were received in the last 6 months of the applicant’s previous employment, the knowledge test and practical driving test will not be required. An applicant who requests an AVOP after the 3-month time frame must complete both the knowledge and practical test. December 2022 Page 12 Airside Traffic Directives Training & Testing All applicants must complete both a knowledge and practical test. D/A and D knowledge testing is completed by the Vancouver Airport Authority AVOP Department. D/A AVOP practical testing is completed by an approved company Examiner or the Vancouver Airport Authority AVOP Department. All D AVOP practical testing is completed by the Vancouver Airport Authority AVOP Department. Knowledge Test The knowledge test is completed at the YVR AVOP Office. The test consists of at least 25 multiple-choice and true-false questions and a map labelling exercise. No study aids or notes are permitted during the test. Applicants must achieve a grade of 88% or greater on the multiple-choice questions and correctly label all runways, taxiways, aprons, and roadways on the map. Practical Driving Test Applicants who pass the knowledge test must then undergo a practical driving test under the supervision of the YVR AVOP Examiner or an approved Examiner from their employer. All Examiners must, at a minimum, use the YVR AVOP practical exam checklist. NOTE: If designated by the Superintendent, AVOP, testing for a D/A AVOP can be administered by your employer through a certified Examiner. If your employer does not hold this designation, then all testing must be completed through the YVR AVOP Department. Retesting For either knowledge or practical driving tests, applicants who fail must wait the following time periods before retesting: Failed first attempt: wait 7 calendar days Failed second attempt: wait calendar 30 days Failed third attempt: wait 1 year. If applicants with an AVOP designation fail the retest for the same employer or for an additional employer: Page 13 December 2022 They must book the retest for the following calendar week. If unable, the AVOP designation will be removed until they pass the applicable tests. If they fail to attend their testing appointment the following week, their RAIC will be deactivated until they pass the YVR AVOP written and practical tests or have the AVOP designation removed from their RAIC. If they fail a second time, AVOP designations for all applicable companies will be removed. ‘No show’ for written or driving test: Applicants can cancel an appointment for a Knowledge or Practical Test up to 48-hours prior to the appointment without penalty. Applicants who cancel with less than 48-hours notice, will not be eligible to rebook a test until 7-days after the date of the cancelled appointment. Applicants who do not call to cancel an appointment and simply do not show up for an appointment will not be eligible to rebook a test until 14-days after the date of the missed appointment. Company Trainer/Examiner Designation Individuals wishing to apply for Trainer/Examiner certification must hold a valid D or D/A AVOP, submit an application to the AVOP Office, signed by the employer, and request authorization to act as a company representative. To obtain certification, the applicant must provide the following to the AVOP Office: For knowledge training certification: A company training syllabus outlining the topics that will be covered in the training program. For Practical Examiner certification: a testing checklist. A test must be performed by a member of the AVOP department: Before the designation of Trainer and Examiner can be bestowed on an employee. When a company Trainer or Examiner is undergoing recurrent testing. Auditing company training programs may include: An AVOP department staff member observing a Practical Test being administered by a company Trainer/Examiner to ensure the tests are being administered to YVR standards. A new driver who has been trained and tested by their company, may be asked to perform an abbreviated test with a member of YVR’s AVOP department to ensure they have received sufficient training. Trainer/Examiner certification remains current only as long as the trainer’s RAIC and AVOP are valid. IMPORTANT: Examiners are not subject to receiving an AVOP violation that would be made against the AVOP applicant during a Practical Exam. Any applicant given an AVOP violation during an exam will automatically fail the Practical Exam. December 2022 Page 14 Airside Traffic Directives Training Records IMPORTANT: Company Trainers and Examiners are responsible for ensuring that records are maintained for all company employees who hold an AVOP. For each AVOP Holder, corporate training records must include, at a minimum, the following: Types and dates of training provided, including initial training, on-going training, and refresher courses. Dates and times of all AVOP Knowledge Tests administered, a copy of the test, and the results. These records must be made available to authorized Airport Authority and Transport Canada personnel upon request. Company Trainer/Examiner Violations Trainers are accountable for the driving of an applicant under their supervision and are subject to receiving an AVOP violation that would be made against the AVOP applicant. It is a gross misconduct violation for a Trainer to knowingly permit an AVOP applicant to drive without direct supervision. IMPORTANT: Trainers and Examiners who receive an AVOP violation will immediately have their Trainer /Examiner designation revoked and are subject to the appropriate penalties under the ATDs. Trainers/Examiners can re-apply for Trainer /Examiner designation 6-months after the date of the violation and subject to successfully passing both the Knowledge and Practical test for their AVOP. Page 15 December 2022 Enforcement & Violations Enforcement Personnel Enforcement of the ATDs is carried out with safety as the primary goal. Enforcement personnel are designated by the Director, Airside Operations and currently include: ▪ Airport Operations staff ▪ Airport Security staff ▪ RCMP ▪ Other Vancouver Airport Authority personnel as designated by the Director, Airside Operations Enforcement personnel have the authority to: ▪ Issue directions or commands that must be followed by anyone working on the airfield. ▪ Inspect vehicles/mobile equipment and operators to ensure compliance with the ATDs and all applicable regulations and standards ▪ Issue Violation Notices to operators of motor vehicles or pedestrians found in non- compliance with the ATDs and/or vehicle standards. In addition, members of the RCMP have the authority to stop and investigate drivers for Motor Vehicle Act and Criminal Code violations that occur while driving airside. Members of the RCMP are familiar with the requirements of the ATDs and can stop an operator for an ATD breach. Operator Cooperation and Compliance Enforcement personnel may set up airside checkpoints to stop driver’s airside and inspect motor vehicles and operators to ensure compliance with ATDs. Individuals must cooperate with enforcement personnel acting in the course of their duties. Unless unsafe to do so, all individuals must immediately comply with any instruction given by enforcement personnel. Verbal abuse, threatening behaviour, or assaults to enforcement personnel will not be tolerated. These are Gross Misconduct violations and are potentially conduct contrary to the Criminal Code of Canada, which may be reported to the RCMP for prosecution. Enforcement personnel will deal immediately with any situation that compromises or threatens to compromise airside safety. When there is reasonable doubt at any time about an AVOP holder’s knowledge or ability to operate a vehicle in a consistently safe manner, necessary action to ensure compliance may be taken by the enforcement personnel. The Superintendent Airside Vehicle Operations may at any time with or without cause require an AVOP holder to retake both the written and practical tests to demonstrate their competency to operate a vehicle airside. December 2022 Page 16 Airside Traffic Directives IMPORTANT: Individuals must not interfere, directly or indirectly, with personnel authorized to enforce the ATDs. Verbal abuse or threats of any kind will not be tolerated and will be subject to a Gross Misconduct violation. Individuals are required to follow the instructions of enforcement personnel if it is safe. Individuals are required to surrender their RAIC/AVOP when requested by enforcement personnel. Violations If enforcement personnel conclude that an operator of a motor vehicle has failed to follow the ATDs, or has committed any other ATD violation, they will issue a Violation Notice. All Violation Notices are effective immediately upon issuance subject to review or appeal (see Section, AVOP Suspensions and Appeals. Violation Classes and Points There are five classes of AVOP violations. Each class of violation results in a different number of violation points issued against an AVOP, as listed in the table below. An accumulation of AVOP violation points results in varying periods of suspension of an individual’s airside driving privileges. Violation Class Points Gross misconduct 15 points Class A 9 points Class B 6 points Class C 3 points Class D 2 points The following table lists AVOP violations. Driving Without an AVOP Operating a motor vehicle airside without a valid AVOP (Note: not knowing the requirements for a valid AVOP is not an excuse). Individuals caught driving without an AVOP designation will receive the following: - Immediate 24-hour suspension of all RAIC privileges. - Airside access privileges will be revoked and a terminal access only RAIC issued, for a period of 15* days. *The first 24-hour suspension is part of the total 15-day suspension period. - Airside driving privileges prohibited for a period of 12 months Page 17 December 2022 Gross misconduct violations: 15 points Knowingly encouraging, directing, or permitting another person to operate a motor vehicle airside in breach of a requirement for a valid AVOP. Operating a motor vehicle airside without valid third-party liability insurance coverage in the minimum amount required by the Airport Authority for the type of vehicle (see appendix D for details on insurance requirements). Operating a motor vehicle in a manner that a reasonable person would consider likely to endanger the life of other persons, considering all of the circumstances. Operating a motor vehicle with any amount of alcohol or non-prescription drugs in the operator’s blood system (for clarity: any odour of drugs or alcohol emanating from an operator is sufficient proof for this violation). Making an unauthorized entry on to a runway. Operating a motor vehicle airside that is not licensed in accordance with the laws of British Columbia applicable to the type of vehicle. Driving with an “Escort Required” RAIC or block pass without the appropriate security escort Disobeying the instructions of Air Traffic Control. Disobeying and/or interfering with enforcement personnel (examples: failing to stop on command, failing to surrender RAIC or AVOP on demand, refusing to cooperate with enforcement personnel in the performance of their duties), Threatening, assaulting, or verbally abusing enforcement personnel. Class A violations: 9 points Operating a motor vehicle without exercising due care and attention or reasonable consideration for other persons or property, considering all the circumstances, including, but not limited to excessive speeding; tailgating; and erratic driving. Making an unauthorized entry on to a controlled taxiway Performing an unauthorized engine run-up. Operating a motor vehicle in an area not permitted under the operator’s AVOP licence Class B violations: 6 points Failing to yield to and/or overtaking an aircraft under power or being towed Having been involved in an accident or having witnessed an accident, failing to follow the correct procedures for assisting injured persons, or reporting the accident as required Failing either to immediately report an unserviceable vehicle on a vehicle route or movement area to Airport Operations, or to take steps to have the unserviceable vehicle immediately removed Driving a motor vehicle under an aircraft wings or tail unless actively servicing that aircraft Driving a motor vehicle between enplaning or deplaning passengers and their gate or aircraft December 2022 Page 18 Airside Traffic Directives Driving a motor vehicle between an aircraft and the person marshalling that aircraft Leaving a vehicle or equipment unattended on a vehicle route or movement area Using any personal / electronic device, including mobile phones or iPods, or wearing ear buds Driving at a speed that is excessive relative to the traffic, visibility, or weather conditions Class C violations: 3 points Carrying passengers in excess of the number of licensed seats in the vehicle Knowingly depositing, creating, or failing to pick up FOD Driving in excess of the posted speed limit Failing to obey stop, yield, parking, or other signs, signals, or markings Driving under a passenger loading bridge, except in a vehicle corridor Failing to follow a vehicle corridor Failing to yield to: - Emergency vehicle with activated emergency lights - Snow removal or apron sweeping equipment - Fuel tanker - Airfield maintenance equipment i.e. Grass cutters - Passenger loading buses - Vehicles exiting controlled surfaces Operating a vehicle within 7.5 m (25 ft) of an aircraft when not engaged in servicing that aircraft Driving over hoses or cables Parking a vehicle behind a vehicle involved in fuelling Driving an unauthorized vehicle in the ITB tug tunnel Leaving a fuelling vehicle, including a propane tanker, unattended Refuelling: - Within 4.5 m (15 ft) of a source of ignition - Within 7.5 m (25 ft) of an aircraft - Inside any building or enclosed structure - Outside of areas designated by the Airport Authority Using telephones or radios in the immediate area where refuelling is taking place Failing to use marked pedestrian corridors when crossing an apron Performing an authorized run-up at a heading different from what was specified Failure to immediately report a spill of hazardous materials or unknown substances to Airport Operations Driving a golf cart in an unauthorized location Page 19 December 2022 Towing a trailer without securing safety devices or in an unsafe manner causing loss of cargo Failing to adequately secure loads Operating a motorcycle, moped, motorized bicycle, or motorized scooter Failing to appropriately wear an authorized safety vest while operating airside (even when inside a vehicle) Using skateboards, inline skates, scooters, and other vehicles propelled by the operator Walking through security guard houses Driving through an YVR Fire & Rescue Controlled Access Area Driving a motor vehicle without a seatbelt Class D violations: 2 points Any other failure to observe any ATD is a Class D violation, if it is not any of the following: Gross misconduct violation Class A violation Class B violation Class C violation Multiple Violations More than one AVOP violation can be noted during a single incident of vehicle operation and on a single Violation Notice. Multiple AVOP violations occurring at the same time are cumulative For example, if an operator is travelling in excess of the speed limit (Class C violation) while driving outside of a vehicle corridor (Class C violation), a total of 6 violation points will be assessed. Suspension of Privileges If the Violation Notice results in the accumulation of 6 or more violation points in the last 12 months, the operator will be subject to a suspension of their AVOP privileges. A suspension letter will be sent to the employer of the operator, setting out the nature of the violation, the AVOP violation points assessed, and the effective dates of the suspension of the operator’s AVOP privileges. The employer must forward a copy of the suspension letter to the operator and assist in co-ordinating the removal of the operator’s AVOP designation with the AVOP Office for the duration of the suspension. Expiry of Violation Points Violation points accumulate on the operator’s AVOP and only expire one-year from the date the points are earned. Prior violations may be considered by the Superintendent, Airside Vehicle Operations in assessing the appropriate length of suspension and the need for any retraining or retesting. December 2022 Page 20 Airside Traffic Directives Suspension of AVOP Privileges As an AVOP operator, you are subject to the following consequences to your AVOP privileges if you accumulate the following number of AVOP violation points: Total Violation Points Length of Suspension 6 Up to 2 working days 9 Up to 5 working days 12 Up to 10 working days 15 Up to 20 working days and an automatic review of AVOP privileges by the Superintendent Example of Violation Point Accumulation and Expiry Any violations received within a one-year period will accumulate on your AVOP record and will result in additional suspensions. Date Occurrence Result Cumulative Suspension Penalty Points January 5 Operator is ticketed 3 points N/A N/A for speeding April 5 (3 months Same operator is 3 points added 6 points 2–working day, later) cited for parking in a to record driving-only prohibited area suspension May 5 (1 month Same operator is 3 points added 9 points 5–working day, later) ticketed for failure to to record driving-only follow the vehicle suspension corridor January 6 (1 Points from 3 points 6 points (Apr & N/A year after operator’s January 5 removed from May still apply) January 5 ticket) ticket expire record August 5 (3 Same operator is 9 points added 15 points 20 working day, months later) ticketed for driving at to record driving-only twice the posted suspension speed limit Suspension Period Suspension of AVOP driving privileges is for working days (days you normally would have been permitted to drive airside if not for the AVOP suspension). They do not include holidays, days Page 21 December 2022 off, or days when you are not permitted to drive in the Province of British Columbia, which are added to the suspension period. A suspension of AVOP driving privileges goes into effect 30 days after a Violation Notice has been issued. If a suspension review is waived, and the employee would like to serve the suspension at an earlier time, they can contact the AVOP Office to make these arrangements. If an employee requests a review or appeal of the Violation Notice, then the suspension will be delayed, pending a decision from the Superintendent, AVOP. If the review or appeal is unsuccessful, the letter from the Superintendent, AVOP (or designate) will provide the dates and details of the remaining AVOP suspension. The employee, or company supervisor or manager, must surrender the AVOP to Access Control for the duration of the suspension period. Retraining or Retesting In addition to any suspension assessed, retraining, or retesting before a specified date may be required, if the Superintendent, AVOP determines that this is in the interests of airside safety. AVOP privileges will remain suspended until the retraining and retesting are completed. Determination of Consequences The Superintendent, Airside Vehicle Operations may take previous violations into consideration in determining the length of any suspension, the need for retraining and retesting, or the continuing grant or removal of AVOP privileges. The Superintendent, Airside Vehicle Operations has the right to: ▪ Review any operator’s AVOP driving record at any time ▪ Issue a suspension or prohibition, or make any order requiring retraining or revoking an operator’s AVOP driving privileges Suspension of Restricted Area Identification Card Your RAIC will be suspended immediately for 24 hours if you: ▪ Smoke while airside. ▪ Operate a motor vehicle airside without a valid AVOP. Individuals caught driving without an AVOP designation will receive the following: - Airside access privileges will be revoked and a terminal access only RAIC issued, for a period of 15 days. - Airside driving privileges revoked for a period of 12 months December 2022 Page 22 Airside Traffic Directives Violation Notice Reviews and Appeals Right of Review: Notices Not Containing a Gross Misconduct Violation If you receive a Violation Notice (except a Violation Notice that contains a gross misconduct violation), you may request a review by filing a written submission to the Superintendent, AVOP within 30 days of the Violation Notice. All written submissions should contain a description of your version of what occurred with any explanation about why you failed to follow the ATDs or why any period of suspension should be reduced. Operational necessity or ignorance of an ATD are never valid reasons for failing to follow the ATDs. All reviews are conducted by the Superintendent, AVOP or designate. All review procedures are at the discretion of the Superintendent, AVOP, who will investigate as appropriate/necessary to reach conclusions about the standard of a balance of probabilities. The Superintendent, AVOP or designate on review may do one or more of the following: ▪ Cancel all or part of the Violation Notice ▪ Substitute a lesser AVOP violation for the AVOP violation in the Violation Notice ▪ Confirm the Violation Notice ▪ Reduce the period of suspension resulting from a confirmed Violation Notice The AVOP Superintendent or designate will provide notification by letter to your employer of the results of the reviewed decision. Automatic Review: Notices Containing Gross Misconduct Violations Gross misconduct violations are hazardous and irresponsible actions that pose an unacceptable risk to airside safety. If a gross misconduct violation has occurred, the employee’s AVOP will immediately be seized. This will be followed by an automatic 20–working day suspension of AVOP privileges and a requirement to retake and pass the AVOP Knowledge and Practical Tests, with a YVR AVOP Examiner, prior to the reinstatement of AVOP privileges. All Gross Misconduct violations are referred to the Superintendent, AVOP or designate for review. The AVOP Superintendent may obtain a statement from you and investigate the incident as deemed appropriate/necessary to reach conclusions about the standard of a balance of probabilities. Self-reporting will be taken into positive consideration for all Gross Misconduct investigations. The Superintendent, AVOP or designate on review may do one or more of the following: ▪ Cancel all or part of the Violation Notice ▪ Substitute a lesser AVOP violation for the AVOP violation in the Violation Notice ▪ Confirm the Violation Notice ▪ Reduce the 20-day period of suspension resulting from a confirmed Violation Notice ▪ Increase the 20-day period of suspension resulting from a confirmed Violation Notice by any period deemed fit Page 23 December 2022 The Superintendent, AVOP or designate will provide notification by letter to your employer of the results of the automatic review of the gross misconduct violation. Automatic Review: Accumulation of More Than 15 Violation Points An accumulation of AVOP violations may indicate a need for retraining. If more than 15 violation points are accumulated on an AVOP, the Superintendent, AVOP or designate will (along with suspending your AVOP privileges for a period of up to 20 days) may require that the employee retake and pass the AVOP Knowledge and Practical Tests, with a YVR AVOP Examiner, or complete any other training deemed appropriate following the suspension, prior to the reinstatement of AVOP privileges. Appeal to Director Airside Operations You may appeal the review decision within 14 days of receiving notification of the review decision by providing a written request to the Director Airside Operations. The Director Airside Operations will: ▪ Consider any written submission along with any explanation from the AVOP Superintendent or designate for why review of the Violation Notice was denied ▪ Conduct any further inquiries deemed appropriate ▪ Either deny or allow the appeal and make any order that the Superintendent, AVOP could have made on review ▪ Provide notification by letter to your employer of the results of the appeal decision The decision of the Director Airside Operations on appeal is final and is not subject to further review or appeal. December 2022 Page 24 Airside Traffic Directives General Rules These rules are applicable to all AVOP designations. Safety is everyone’s responsibility. Never allow operational considerations, such as time pressures, to compromise safety. This section covers the following: ▪ Airside Prohibitions ▪ Pedestrians ▪ Safe Driving ▪ Passing and Safe Distances ▪ Traffic Signs and Markings ▪ Speed Limits ▪ Vehicle Corridors ▪ Vehicle Gate Access ▪ Fuelling and Servicing Operations ▪ Anti-Idling ▪ Parking / Unattended Vehicles ▪ Special Areas ▪ Traffic Accidents ▪ FOD – Foreign Object Debris ▪ Environmental Incidents ▪ Towing ▪ Cargo Handling ▪ Helipads Airside Prohibitions The following are not permitted airside: ▪ Smoking and the use of e-cigarettes, including inside of vehicles ▪ Using any personal electronic devices (including mobile phones and iPods), or wearing ear buds ▪ Operating motorcycles, mopeds, and motorized scooters. ▪ Bicycles, skateboards, inline skates, scooters, and other vehicles propelled by the operator ▪ Walking through security guard houses, unless authorized by Vancouver Airport Authority Page 25 December 2022 Pedestrians Pedestrians are individuals who are in the airside environment without a vehicle. Obey the following rules when on the airfield: ▪ Display a valid RAIC on outer clothing above the waist. ▪ Comply with Canada Labour Code and wear a high visibility vest or other similar clothing. ▪ Whenever possible, use marked pedestrian corridors when walking on the apron. All vehicle operators must yield to pedestrians and always be on the lookout for people walking in and around aircraft stands and walking to the terminal buildings. Use special caution at night or whenever visibility is reduced. Aircraft Marshalling Crews Marshalling Crews without vehicles must use extra caution when walking on the apron. After an aircraft has pushed back and the tug has been disconnected, Marshalling Crews are required to walk back directly to the stand they came from as quickly as possible to ensure they are safely out of the way of aircraft and vehicles. It is strongly recommended that Marshalling Crews ride in vehicles back to the operating stand whenever possible. Rules for Vehicle Operations AIRSIDE SAFETY: Never pass between enplaning / deplaning passengers and their gate or aircraft. This is particularly important at the commuter gates where apron passenger corridors are used between the end of the gate structure and the aircraft. ▪ Do not reverse unless absolutely necessary. When reversing, a lookout person should be present to advise if the vehicle can reverse safely. ▪ Do not tailgate. Maintain a safe distance from all other vehicles and equipment. Always be aware of height or width restrictions. ▪ Never pass between an aircraft and the person marshalling that aircraft. ▪ Never overtake or pass a taxiing aircraft, even when in a vehicle corridor. ▪ Never travel under a passenger boarding bridge, unless in a vehicle corridor. When operating an over-height vehicle, you are responsible for ensuring adequate vertical clearance. ▪ Do not travel through an operational stand unless the vehicle is being used for work in that stand. December 2022 Page 26 Airside Traffic Directives Right-of-Way In order of priority, always yield to the following: ▪ Aircraft under power or being towed and vehicles exiting controlled surfaces ▪ Emergency vehicles responding to incidents (lights and/or sirens) ▪ Passenger Buses ▪ Snow removal and apron sweeping vehicles ▪ Fuel tankers ▪ Airfield maintenance equipment (grass cutters etc.) ▪ Vehicle to an operator’s right at an intersection When Operating Around Aircraft: ▪ Remain a minimum of 7.5 m (25 ft) from an aircraft, unless servicing that aircraft. Driving underneath the aircraft’s wings or tail is prohibited unless the vehicle is servicing the aircraft. (Please refer to specific driving instructions for the DTB Horseshoe) ▪ Do not cause an aircraft, under power or under tow, to deviate from their planned course or to adjust the aircraft or tow speed to perform an evasive manoeuvre. ▪ Be vigilant to the hazards of jet blast. When an aircraft’s engines are running, maintain a safe distance. Maintain a distance of at least two plane lengths from the tail of any aircraft under power and increase this distance as engine thrust is increased such as when an aircraft is starting to taxi. ▪ Once an aircraft has powered onto a gate, make sure the aircraft engines are OFF before driving behind the aircraft. If the aircraft needs to adjust its position, it may need to use increased thrust to do so. Traffic Signs and Markings Traffic markings and signs on the aprons, roads, and bag hall routes are equivalent to provincial signage and markings of the same type. These signs may be mounted on a wall or post or painted on the ground. All signs must always be obeyed. Speed Limits Unless otherwise posted, the speed limits are as listed in the following table. Speed limits can be found on signage or painted on the ground. Page 27 December 2022 Limit Area 10 km/h Bag halls and baggage make-up areas 15 km/h All tunnel ramps and head-of-stand roadway between B and C piers 25 km/h All vehicle corridors, aprons, and movement area 40 km/h All airside roads unless otherwise posted AIRSIDE SAFETY: Speeding is the most common ticketed violation. Speeding reduces your situational awareness and reaction time. Do not let operational pressures cause you to speed. Take note of the speed limit change as you approach an apron from an airside road. Never exceed the speed limit, unless specifically instructed by Airport Operations or Security personnel. When operating equipment, reduce your speed during poor weather conditions and when visibility is reduced. Also reduce speed when approaching the following: ▪ Vehicle tunnels ▪ Blind corners ▪ Bag hall entrance and exit points ▪ Aircraft ▪ Apron pedestrian corridors ▪ Construction zones ▪ Authorized Airport Operations Personnel may exceed these speeds when responding to emergencies. Emergency vehicles will display red and/or blue flashing lights when driving to an emergency. Vehicle Corridors When entering and exiting a vehicle corridor, join the road at a right angle (90 degrees) to ensure maximum visibility, and yield to other traffic already travelling in the corridor. Signal your intent using the vehicle’s turn signal lights. If the vehicle is not equipped with turn signal lights, signal directional intent with approved hand signals. Passing is permitted, provided that the speed limit is not exceeded and there is no traffic. Passing in tunnels or breezeways is strictly prohibited. You may travel between two adjacent gates without using a vehicle corridor if you are working on the adjacent aircraft stand, if required by your duties. If travelling between gates that are not adjacent (one or more gates are in between), you must use a vehicle corridor. December 2022 Page 28 Airside Traffic Directives Vehicle Gate Access (SECURITY) Some primary security line gates are automated for use with a RAIC pass. After entering or exiting through one of these gates, you must stop and wait for it to fully close before leaving. If you are the second vehicle entering through the vehicle access gate, you must wait until the gate is fully closed and the first vehicle has left the gate before the gate is re-opened. Accessing the gate at the same time as another vehicle or before the gate is fully closed from the first vehicle or lead vehicle is considered tailgating. This is an offence under the Canadian Aviation Security Regulations Section 135, 292, and 446. AIRSIDE SAFETY: If you open a gate or door in the security barrier, you are responsible for controlling access through that point (Canadian Aviation Security Regulations). You must prevent unauthorized access and secure the gate or door when leaving it. Fuelling and Servicing Operations Do not drive over hoses, cables, or cords involved in servicing or maintenance of an aircraft. Keep ground service vehicles and carts a minimum of 2 m (6.5 ft) from hydrant fuelling pits. Most hydrant fuelling pits are marked by a red circle containing a blue and yellow centre. Do not park behind a vehicle involved in fuelling or a catering truck involved in servicing an aircraft. Fuel and hydrant trucks and propane tankers have a maximum speed limit of 25 km/h. Page 29 December 2022 Fuel tankers are prohibited from all airside tunnels, underpasses, and head-of-stand corridors, and from travelling within 15 m (50 ft) of any building. Never leave a fuel truck unattended outside of the fuel compound. Access to Fuel Truck Compound The Fuel Truck Compound is located on the west side of Taxiway Juliet (J). Fuel truck and vehicle operators are permitted to cross Taxiway J as follows: ▪ Under normal operating conditions, you may cross Taxiway J without clearance. All vehicles must come to a complete stop prior to Taxiway J and give way to aircraft before crossing the taxiway. ▪ If low-visibility operations are in effect, you must receive clearance from ATC prior to crossing Taxiway J, unless on the crossing by gates 43,44. Vehicle Fuelling All companies that fuel equipment in airside areas must be licensed by the Airport Authority to do so. Vehicle fuelling may only occur as follows: ▪ Outside of any building or enclosed structure ▪ In designated areas and at least 15 m (50 ft) from the building ▪ At least 7.5 m (25 ft) from any aircraft ▪ With the refuelling vehicle at least 4.5 m (15 ft) from any source of ignition ▪ Use of phones and radios in the immediate area of the refuelling is prohibited Anti-idling Technical studies conducted by the Government of Canada show that idling for more than 10 to 30 seconds consumes more fuel than stopping and restarting the engine. In the interest of saving fuel, reducing staff exposure to harmful air pollutants, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, you are required to turn off vehicle engines when they are not in service. When driving airside in uncontrolled areas: ▪ Turn off the engine when stopping for longer than 30 seconds. ▪ Warm up the engine for no longer than 1 minute after a cold start. ▪ If safe, turn off the engine when temporarily vacating a vehicle (for example, to remove FOD). December 2022 Page 30 Airside Traffic Directives ▪ Turn off the engine and use the vehicle battery to power the radio and beacon light if stopping for 15 minutes or less. Parking / Unattended Vehicles Section 301.08 of the Canadian Aviation Regulations prohibits the parking of a vehicle except in accordance with permission given by the operator of the aerodrome. At YVR, permission from Vancouver Airport Authority is granted in the form of a lease, or by the authority of the Superintendent, AVOP. Never leave a vehicle or equipment unattended on any vehicular route or aircraft movement area. Vehicles or equipment may only be parked in the following airside areas: Leased areas Check with your company for exact locations. Within apron safety lines and equipment staging areas for a maximum of 1 hour before the scheduled arrival time of the next inbound flight, with the exception of emergency response vehicles attending an emergency incident. All equipment must be immediately removed after the aircraft has departed from the gate. Marked parking stalls. All vehicles must be backed into parking stalls, unless it is unsafe to do so, so they do not have to back into traffic when leaving the stall. A vehicle must not exceed the height restriction of the area in which it is parked. NOTE: Vehicles and equipment left outside these areas may be towed at the company’s expense and an AVOP violation may be issued to the operator. Parking rules: ▪ Apply the parking brake and turn off the engine when your vehicle is unattended. ▪ Do not leave vehicles or equipment unattended unless they are parked in a designated parking area. ▪ Whether on the airfield or in the bag hall, do not park vehicles where “No Parking” signs are posted. ▪ Always remove the keys from unattended vehicles. ▪ If vehicles or equipment are outfitted with stabilizers, use them when performing your duties. For example, if operating a catering truck, use the truck’s stabilizers when loading an aircraft, as required. Special Areas Apron VI On Apron VI, ATC provides an advisory service to pilots and ground crews during pushback only. The advisory service does not regulate normal vehicle traffic. Page 31 December 2022 If you are equipped with a radio, always monitor the appropriate Ground Control frequency to improve your situational awareness regarding aircraft movements. The following are indications that an aircraft is about to push back from a gate: ▪ Illuminated anti-collision lights on the top and bottom of the aircraft (red flashing lights) ▪ Wing walkers in the vicinity of wingtips ▪ Tug connected to the aircraft ▪ Retracted passenger bridge ▪ Servicing vehicles are moved away from the aircraft Domestic Horseshoe The layout of the area known as the Domestic ‘Horseshoe’ (between the B and C piers on the west side of the Domestic Terminal Building) is unlike any other part of Apron VI because it does not have a vehicle corridor accessing all aircraft stands. In addition to all other driving rules, the following special rules apply: ▪ Use the tail/wingtip clearance line as guidance for where to drive in the horseshoe (this is not considered gate-to-gate driving). You must drive on the building side of the line unless unable to maintain 7.5 m (25 ft) from parked aircraft, in which case, you may cross the tail/wingtip clearance line to maintain minimum distance from the parked aircraft, if it is safe to do (no aircraft pushing back/taxiing into the Domestic Horseshoe). ▪ Consideration for taxiing aircraft must be observed when driving along the tail/wingtip clearance line behind parked aircraft. ▪ Stop your vehicle at all tail/wingtip clearance lines to check for aircraft and other vehicles before proceeding. ▪ Do not cut across the Horseshoe.* *Some operational vehicles may require access to the Horseshoe for safety reasons including but not limited to, inspections, the retrieval of FOD and wildlife. YVR Fire & Rescue Parking Airside areas designated as ERS ONLY are for YVR Fire & Rescue vehicles. Parking of any vehicles and/or cargo in areas designated for YVR Fire & Rescue is prohibited. December 2022 Page 32 Airside Traffic Directives To protect personnel from an ongoing incident, an Emergency Responder Controlled Access Area is marked by orange traffic cones, caution tape, emergency vehicles, or a combination of these. Depending on the severity of the action, drivers who enter a controlled access area are subject to any of the following: ▪ Gross misconduct violation: operating a motor vehicle in a manner that is dangerous to persons, having regard to all circumstances (Section 249 of the Criminal Code of Canada) ▪ Class A violation: driving without due care and attention ▪ All drivers must yield and safely move out of the way for all YVR Fire & Rescue vehicles responding with lights and/or sirens. These vehicles include YVR Fire & Rescue vehicles, BC Ambulance (BCAS), Richmond Fire Rescue (RFR), RCMP and Security vehicles. Aircraft De-icing Locations There are several areas on the airfield that are used for de-icing aircraft: West Pad, East Pad, East Hard Stands, and Ground Run-up Enclosure (GRE). It is important not to enter an area where de-icing operations are in effect, unless given authorization by the de-icing provider. Obey all signage and restrictions during de-icing operations. It is also important to know that the liquid used to de-ice aircraft can be very slippery, so care should be taken when exiting a vehicle or piece of equipment where de-icing has been performed. West Pad The primary location for aircraft de-icing at YVR is the West Pad. There are several parking positions where aircraft can park to get de-iced. The parking positions on the West Pad are: W1 to W9, W11 to W13, W15, and W17 to W19. The positions are assigned based on aircraft size and pad availability. The road that crosses Taxiway R, allows 1 vehicle/equipment operators, who do not hold a D AVOP, to access to all the de-icing positions. During de-icing operations, the West Pad Vehicle Corridor and West Pad Connector Road are 3 restricted to Aero Mag vehicles only. Aero Mag deploys Vancouver Barriers at the following locations as reminders to drivers that these roads are closed: 1. West Pad Vehicle Corridor (North of W4) 2 2. West Pad Vehicle Corridor (South of Twy K) 3. West Pad Connector Road (East side of Twy J) Page 33 December 2022 Aero Mag staff will remove barriers and reopen the road after active De-icing is complete East Pad & East Hard Stands If the spray needed to de-ice an aircraft is light (ie. does not require a lot of liquid), then some de-icing operations may take place at the East Pad (E1 to E3) and East Hard Stands (E10 to E19). Ground Run-up Enclosure (GRE) The GRE is three-sided facility, adjacent to Apron I, Apron I South Terminal Building and the primary de-icing location for smaller propeller and jet aircraft operating on the south side of the airport. When driving on Apron I, it is important to check that aircraft are not entering or exiting this facility, as they have the right-of-way. Ground Run-up Enclosure NOTE: If a small amount of ice has collected on the wings, requiring a minimal amount of de-icing fluid, these types of sprays may be permitted at locations other than the ones listed above. This is at the discretion of the Airside Safety Officer. December 2022 Page 34 Airside Traffic Directives Cargo Aprons With the increased importance of cargo operations during the global COVID-19 pandemic, the aprons dedicated to the movement of cargo can be congested. It is important to know where these aprons are so that additional care can be taken when driving near these locations. West Pad When not being used for aircraft de-icing operations, the West Pad (image on Page 33), is where most large cargo aircraft are parked. Aprons IV, V, and VIII Aprons IV, V, and VIII are north of the South Runway (08R/26L) and can accommodate medium to large jet aircraft. VIII V IV Purolator & FedEx Aprons Purolator and FedEx Aprons both service smaller cargo aircraft, but FedEx can also accommodate larger jets. This part of the airfield has been identified as a “Hot Spot” for pilots, due to the complexity of aircraft traffic, so it is imperative that drivers stay vigilant when driving in this area. Page 35 December 2022 UPS Apron The UPS apron is a private apron and is north of the UPS Apron North Runway (26R/08L) and can accommodate larger jets. Care should be taken when driving cross the entrance to this apron as aircraft may be arriving or departing. Runway 08R/26L Traffic Accidents Airside traffic accidents must be reported as described below8. As required by the laws of the Province of British Columbia9, if you are involved in an accident, you must do the following: 1. Stop at the scene of an accident and assist if necessary (including calling 911 for an ambulance and then Airport Operations at 604.207.7022). Provide your name, address, and licence plate and insurance details to any other person involved in the accident. 2. If damage is caused to an unattended vehicle, leave contact information in a conspicuous place on the unattended vehicle. 3. If the accident results in property damage, an injury, an obstruction, or a disruption to airside traffic, immediately report the accident to Airport Operations at 604.207.7022. If you witness an accident airside, you must: 1. Stop at the scene of the accident and assist any injured person if necessary. 2. Provide contact information to a responsible person at the scene of the accident. 3. If requested, provide an account of what you witnessed to enforcement personnel or the AVOP Superintendent or designate. 8 Airport Traffic Regulation, section 13(a) and (b) 9 Motor Vehicle Act, section 68(1) and Criminal Code of Canada, section 252 December 2022 Page 36 Airside Traffic Directives Environmental Incidents Spills of hazardous materials or unknown substances can be a significant threat to personal health, safety, and the environment. If you cause or discover a spill of unknown substances or hazardous materials, do not attempt to clean up the material unless you are trained to do so safely. If you are unfamiliar with the hazardous properties of a spilled substance, retreat to a safe distance of at least 50 m, make best efforts to prevent others from coming in to contact with the substance and call Airport Operations immediately. Never drive through any type of spill. AIRSIDE SAFETY: Immediately report all spills to Airport Operations at 604.207.7022, as well as to your employer. Provide the following information to Airport Operations: ▪ Name and employer ▪ Exact location of the spill ▪ Cause of the spill, if known ▪ Source of the spill – organization or individual involved ▪ Name of the materials spilled, if known ▪ Injuries that have occurred as a result of the spill AIRSIDE SAFETY: Always ensure your own safety while waiting for response personnel and remain available to provide further information. FOD – Foreign Object Debris/Damage Keeping the airfield free of Foreign Object Debris (FOD) is the responsibility of every person who works airside. It is critical to the success of all companies at YVR to ensure that the airfield is kept clean and safe. Ground handlers are responsible for ensuring that baggage make-up areas and baggage input/output assets are debris free. This is especially important in areas adjacent to the apron. Whether operating a vehicle or on foot, always remove and dispose of FOD safety. Knowingly depositing, creating, or failing to pick up FOD is a Class C AVOP violation. Page 37 December 2022 FOD Prevention Loose paper, plastic, and metal objects can cause significant damage to aircraft and injury to airport personnel. Do not knowingly deposit or leave material on airside surfaces, bag halls, and airside baggage facilities. Work areas must be kept clear of FOD. Before driving on the airfield, check that the vehicle’s wheels are clear of mud, sand, and gravel. When entering the bag halls, ensure that carts and ULDs are free of water to prevent pooling in the bag halls. FOD disposal barrels are located around the apron and are identified by their red colour and a sticker designating a FOD receptacle. FOD buckets are attached to the handrails at the bottom of loading bridges and can be identified by their orange colour. If the barrel or bucket is full or overflowing, call Airport Operations at 604.207.7022. Pallet Removal Pallets left in an airside area can be easily damaged, resulting in small pieces of wood and nails becoming a FOD hazard. Do not store pallets on the apron or bag halls. Pallets can only be stored in areas designated for this purpose and the associated wrappings and ties must be disposed of immediately. December 2022 Page 38 Airside Traffic Directives Towing On Apron VI and inside the bag halls, a vehicle may tow a maximum of six (6) small carts/dollies, such LD3s, or four (4) large dollies, such as LD9 or LD7s. On all other aprons, a vehicle may tow a maximum of 4 unit loading devices or 4 cargo pallet dollies. The number of towed units should be reduced as visibility and/or road conditions deteriorate. Cargo pallet dollies are not permitted to transit on the head-of-stand road between B and C piers. Vehicle operators are responsible to ensure that: ▪ All towed units are securely attached to the towing vehicle or another towed unit. ▪ All necessary safety devices, such as safety chains and locking clamps, are used. AIRSIDE SAFETY: Operators are responsible for monitoring their loads and avoiding loss of cargo. Cargo Handling Never exceed designated weight restrictions or permitted tug length when transporting cargo or baggage. Baggage / Cargo Containers All cargo and baggage containers (such as LD3s) must be secured to a racking system or locking carrier. Unsecured containers, particularly because of their lightweight construction and exposure to jet blast, are a hazard to aircraft and airside personnel. Page 39 December 2022 Transporting Dangerous Goods Transport of dangerous goods must be in accordance with international agreements (ICAO – IATA). Golf Carts Golf carts are approved to drive on the head-of-stand road and within baggage halls or in any area approved in writing by the Superintendent, AVOP (for example, in areas where there is no Head-of-Stand Road, such as the C-Pier commuter facility). All golf carts must: ▪ Comply with the requirements in Vehicle Beacons and Vehicle Markings. ▪ Be equipped with brake lights. Make sure that baggage is securely stored on golf carts at all times and does not pose a safety risk to the driver or passengers. Store bags so they cannot fall off the golf cart while in operation. Vehicle Corridor West of Pier D The vehicle corridor outlined below in green may only be used by authorized vehicles, which have been granted such approval by the AVOP Office. December 2022 Page 40 Airside Traffic Directives Aprons – Taxiways - Runways Applicable to all AVOP Designations This section reviews some of the key terms and areas you will need to recognize and operate on. It covers the following: ▪ Taxiways ▪ Runways ▪ Helipads ▪ Aprons ▪ Airside Roads ▪ Vehicle Corridors Key Terms The following are some of the key terms for operating in an airside environment: ▪ Movement areas are all areas of the airport provided for the movement of aircraft, both controlled and uncontrolled. Examples of movement areas include taxiways that are controlled and gate areas on the apron that are uncontrolled. ▪ Manoeuvring areas are used by aircraft for takeoff and landings, and include controlled surfaces such as runways, as well as most taxiways and helipads. Most manoeuvring areas are controlled areas and under the direction of Air Traffic Control (ATC). ▪ Controlled surfaces are airside areas that you cannot enter unless you have been granted radio clearance from ATC, and you have a D AVOP and an appropriately equipped vehicle. Runways and most taxiways are controlled surfaces. Controlled areas are clearly marked with signs, and include the runways, most taxiways, and most taxiway access points from the aprons. ▪ Uncontrolled surfaces are the aprons used for loading and unloading and servicing aircraft, and the gate areas. TIP: To help you remember, a Movement area is the Manoeuvring area plus the Aprons. Page 41 December 2022 Taxiways Controlled Taxiways Taxiways at YVR are controlled by ATC, except the taxiways listed below, they are considered uncontrolled taxiways. Under normal operating conditions, all vehicles may cross these taxiways within the vehicle corridor without obtaining clearance from ATC. During normal weather conditions the following controlled taxiways have uncontrolled vehicle corridors passing across them: Papa (P) Tango (T) Romeo (R) Kilo (K) Sierra (S) Juliet (J) Victor (V) Uncontrolled Taxiways Uncontrolled taxiways are not under the supervision of ATC. AVOP holders may use them without clearance from ATC, but aircraft always have the right-of-way. The following taxiways are uncontrolled: Foxtrot (F) Delta Sierra (DS) Charlie (C) south of Foxtrot (F) Delta Tango (DT) Quebec (Q) (south of the Canadian Delta Uniform (DU) Service Road) Delta Victor (DV) Delta Romeo (DR) Delta Whiskey (DW) Delta Yankee (DY) (north of the Runway Holding Position Marking) Signs, Lighting, Lines, and Markings The following table describes and shows signs, markings and lighting that relate to the runways. The following table describes and shows taxiway signs, lighting, and markings. Taxiway information signs Taxiway Location Signs The signs indicating taxiway names are black with yellow letters. TIP: “Black square, you are there.” December 2022 Page 42 Airside Traffic Directives Taxiway Directional Sign The signs indicating the direction of taxiways are yellow with black letters. TIP: “Black on yellow route to follow” Taxiway edge lights The edges of taxiways can be marked with blue lights or blue reflectors. Double amber edge lights denote a taxiway entrance to an apron. The intersection of an airside road and an apron or taxiway is marked by single red lights on each side of the roadway. Taxiway edge markings Double yellow lines indicate edges of taxiways, which are the end or edge of the load-bearing surface for aircraft. Aircraft are not to cross these markings, even under tow. Ground crews must know the difference between edge markings and taxiway centre lines (single yellow line outlined in black). If an aircraft’s wheels cross an edge line by mistake, advise the pilot or immediately notify ATC. Page 43 December 2022 Manoeuvring Area Delimitation (MAD) A single yellow solid line and a single yellow dashed line indicate the separation between a controlled and uncontrolled surface. The solid line is on the uncontrolled surface and the dashed line is on the controlled surface. Do not cross the solid line without a D AVOP and clearance from ATC. Zipper lines White “zipper” lines indicate where a vehicle corridor crosses an aircraft taxi lane or taxiway. Use extreme caution and be on the lookout for aircraft that may cross your path at high speed. Taxiway intersection lines Taxiway / taxiway intersections may be marked by a single yellow dashed line perpendicular to the taxiway centre line marking and co-located with taxiway Intersection lights which consist of 3 amber lights parallel to the intersection marking. These markings denote positions where aircraft or vehicles may be held for aircraft to safely pass on the intersecting taxiway. December 2022 Page 44 Airside Traffic Directives Taxiway centre lines Taxiway centre lines are solid yellow lines. Taxiway centre line lights are green and run parallel to the taxiway centreline. Runways Signs, Markings and Lighting The following table describes and shows runway signs, markings and lighting. Mandatory Instruction Signs These signs are red with white lettering. TIP: “White on red, runway ahead.” These signs are co-located with Runway Hold Markings and denote the boundary of the runway at which all aircraft, vehicles and pedestrians are stopped until receiving clearance to proceed from Air Traffic Control. Runway Edge Lights These lights outline the edges of runways during periods of darkness or restricted visibility conditions. Runway edge lights are white. Page 45 December 2022 Runway Markings All runway markings are white, this includes centreline, designation markings (numbers and letters), threshold, touchdown zone, and edge markings. Runway Holding Position Marking A Runway Holding Position Marking, also known as taxi hold lines, are two solid yellow and two dashed yellow lines co-located with Mandatory Instruction Signs at the boundary of a runway. The solid lines are on the taxiway side and the dashed lines are on the runway side. The Runway Holding Position Marking may be co- located with yellow flashing runway guard lights, also known as Wigwags, on both sides of the hold line where provided. * Runway Holding Position Markings are also found at Helipads. AIRSIDE SAFETY: At no time are Runway Holding Position Marking or taxi hold positions to be crossed without permission from ATC. All traffic approaching these markings and lights must STOP and obtain permission from ATC before proceeding. December 2022 Page 46 Airside Traffic Directives Stop Bars Stop Bars consist of a single row of flush or semi- flush red inset lights installed laterally along the runway holding position marking. They protect the entry to Runways 08L, 26R, 08R, 26L during low- visibility operating conditions. It is prohibited to cross lighted Stop Bars at any time. Aircraft and vehicle operators requiring access to a runway equipped with Stop Bars must obtain clearance from ATC and proceed onto the runway ONLY when the Stop Bars are unlit. AIRSIDE SAFETY: It is prohibited for a pedestrian, aircraft, or vehicle to cross an illuminated stop bar. Helipad Hold Position Markings Hold markings Helipad C and B from incursion from vehicles, pedestrians, or aircraft. These markings are the same as those along the runways. As with all hold line markings, you must not cross them without receiving authorization from ATC. Helicopters may also use taxi lines when approaching or departing helipads. Helicopter Touchdown Points / Parking Helicopter parking / touchdown points are indicated by two yellow circles, one inside the other, with a yellow “H” inside the smaller circle. Page 47 December 2022 Aprons Aprons are an uncontrolled part of the airside environment, and clearance from ATC is not required to operate on them. Aprons are used for loading, unloading, and servic

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