AIEX Lecture 2024 - Set A - Part 1 PDF

REVIEW LECTURE – SET A A R. R A I S S A B A R A N D I N O , U A P, R M P AUGUST 24, 2024 What to expect: G Goals Objectives O Outline O Review Lecture R Tips T Goals AIEX 2024: Comprehensive Departmental Assessment to produce excellent future architects to prepare for ALE Objectives REVIEW...

REVIEW LECTURE – SET A A R. R A I S S A B A R A N D I N O , U A P, R M P AUGUST 24, 2024 What to expect: G Goals Objectives O Outline O Review Lecture R Tips T Goals AIEX 2024: Comprehensive Departmental Assessment to produce excellent future architects to prepare for ALE Objectives REVIEW not FIRST VIEW ○ Terminologies ○ Buildings ○ Styles ○ Images ○ Names Outline – SET A ◦ Architectural Design ◦ Architectural Communication ◦ History, Theory, and Criticsm ◦ Planning & Urban Design ◦ Special Cluster Tropical Design & Geod. Engg. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN Architectural Design Architecture – the art and science of designing building and other structures for human use & shelter. Design – creating with a particular purpose or intention held in mind with means to an end. Architectural Design – planning, designing & constructing form, space, & ambience. >>PROCESS https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Architectural_design Architectural Design – Process I. Problem II. Analysis III. Conceptualization IV. Synthesis V. Interpretation Architectural Design – Process I. Problem II. Analysis III. Conceptualization IV. Synthesis V. Interpretation Architectural Design – Process I. Problem Project Requirements Function Activities and Services Special Requirements Budget Architectural Design – Process Project Requirements “A Proposed Two-Storey, Single-detached Residential Project on a site with 10% slope. Function Activities and Services Owner has decided that is property with TLA of Special Requirements 1934.72 sqm shall serve as open market residential Budget cluster development. The project shall include 6 semi-upscale structures with TLA of 132.00 sqm. The 77.00 sqm GFA are the enclosed areas only and excludes all other new floor areas in the future. Client has a working budget of 50M for the entire development.” Architectural Design – Process I. Problem II. Analysis III. Conceptualization IV. Synthesis V. Interpretation Architectural Design – Process II. Analysis Space Programming Site Evaluation Architectural Design – Process Site Evaluation Boundaries, Lot Shape, RROW “Project site is an inside lot, rectangular in shape, with a 32.00m wide frontage facing east. The site Topography uniformly slopes 1%, draining south. The 15.00m Sun & Wind path RROW gas a 1.80m sidewalk and is 0.00 elevation. Location of Utilities Laws/Codes/Ordinances An 8.00m wide cluster street bisects the site at its long axis and intersects the main RROW at a right angle. The road slopes 10% from west to east which is also the direction of the cluster street that serves as direct access to 10 lots, 5 on each side of the cluster street. Architectural Design – Process Site Evaluation Boundaries, Lot Shape, RROW 15m RROW N Topography Sun & Wind path Location of Utilities Laws/Codes/Ordinances 10% 32m 8m 1% Architectural Design – Process I. Problem II. Analysis III. Conceptualization IV. Synthesis V. Interpretation Architectural Design – Process III. Conceptualization Design Concepts Mood boarding Design Philosophy Articulation of: Form Space Architectural Design – Process Articulation – the action or manner of jointing/ interrelating - the geometry of form and space. Architectural Design – Process Primary Elements of Form: Architectural Design – Process Properties of Form: Shape Size Color Texture Position Orientation Visual Inertia: Architectural Design – Process Properties of Form: Shape Size Color Texture Position Orientation Visual Inertia: Architectural Design – Process Form Transformation: Dimensional Subtractive Additive Architectural Design – Process Proportion of Form: Architectural Design – Process Proportion of Form: Golden Section 1.618 Architectural Design – Process Proportion of Form: Golden Section Classical Renaissance Proportions Modulor Ken Relative and Absolute Architectural Design – Process Proportion of Form: Golden Section Classical Renaissance Proportions Modulor Ken Relative and Absolute Architectural Design – Process Spatial Relationships: a space may be contained within the volume of a larger space Architectural Design – Process Spatial Relationships: each space is clearly defined, and the degree of visual & spatial continuity depends on the nature of the plane that both separates and binds them Architectural Design – Process Spatial Relationships: overlapping of two spatial fields and the emergence of a zone of shared space Architectural Design – Process Spatial Relationships: two spaces may rely on an intermediary space for their relationship Architectural Design – Process Organization of Spaces: Centralized a number of secondary spaces grouped around a large, dominant, central space Architectural Design – Process Organization of Spaces: Centralized Linear series of spaces, either repetitive spaces which are alike in size, form, and function, or differ in size, form, or function that is organized in a single linear organization Architectural Design – Process Organization of Spaces: Centralized Linear Radial dominant central space from which a number of linear organizations extend in a radial manner (outward / extroverted) Architectural Design – Process Organization of Spaces: Centralized Linear Radial Clustered consists of repetitive, cellular spaces that are characterized by physical proximity to relate its space to one another Architectural Design – Process Organization of Spaces: Centralized Linear Radial Clustered Grid perpendicular sets of parallel lines that establish a regular pattern of points at their intersections Architectural Design – Process I. Problem II. Analysis III. Conceptualization IV. Synthesis V. Interpretation Architectural Design – Process IV. Synthesis Research Feasibility Studies Architectural Design – Process V. Interpretation Schemes Site Development Plans Massing Studies Conceptualization of Utility Systems >>Architectural Commmunication  Architectural Design - Sample Questions Title and General Description: Project Site Features: “A Proposed Two-Storey, Single-detached Residential “Project site is an inside lot, rectangular in shape, Project on a site with 10% slope. with a 32.00m wide frontage facing east. The site uniformly slopes 1%, draining south. The 15.00m RROW gas a 1.80m sidewalk and is 0.00 elevation. Statement of the Problem: Owner has decided that is property with TLA of 1934.72 sqm shall serve as open market residential An 8.00m wide cluster street bisects the site at its cluster development. long axis and intersects the main RROW at a right The project shall include 6 semi-upscale angle. The road slopes 10% from west to east which is structures with TLA of 132.00 sqm. The 77.00 sqm also the direction of the cluster street that serves as GFA are the enclosed areas only and excludes all direct access to 10 lots, 5 on each side of the cluster other new floor areas in the future. Client has a street. working budget of 50M for the entire development.”  Architectural Design - Sample Questions Design Objectives: a. To plan/design a project on an R-1 property b. To plan/design a project that is closely-knit residential cluster that will serve as a model development in the area. c. To maximize the client’s profit d. To design a project that could serve as a landmark in the area.  Architectural Design - Sample Questions 1. According to NBC, which is not part of the GFA? a. Terrace b. Courts c. Maid’s Rooms d. Both A and B  Architectural Design - Sample Questions 2. Which is not part of the building footprint? a. Trellis b. Ground Floor c. Exterior Walls d. Utility Room  Architectural Design - Sample Questions 3. Which is not part of the RROW? a. Sidewalk b. Median c. Curb d. Front Yard  Architectural Design - Sample Questions 4. Which is not part of the design development stage of the regular design service? a. Roof Plan b. Ceiling Plan c. Technical Specs d. Floor Plan  Architectural Design - Sample Questions 5. What is the prevalent Sun path? a. NE to NW and SE to SW b. N to S, and E to W c. NW to NE and SW to SE d. S to N, and W to E  Architectural Design - Sample Questions 6. Which character would be recommended for R-1 developments? a. Mobile and active b. Stationary and passive c. Safe and relaxing d. Formal and rigid  Architectural Design - Sample Questions 7. For typical residential developments, where are downspouts best located? a. Center of the house b. Front of the house c. Sides of the house d. No downspouts and gutters  Architectural Design - Sample Questions 8. Which is the best location for the service area? a. Side of lot b. Back of the house c. Both sides of the house d. Front of the lot  Architectural Design - Sample Questions 9. The least efficient kitchen plan/shape? a. Single line b. Galley, double-line c. L-shape d. U-shape  Architectural Design - Sample Questions 10. A powder room does not have? a. Water closet b. Shower c. Lavatory d. Faucet  Architectural Design - Sample Questions 11. Which is not considered furniture? a. Armoire b. Dresser c. Divan d. LED Tv  Architectural Design - Sample Questions 12. Drapes, curtains, blinds, are? a. Furniture b. Furnishings c. Fixtures d. Fittings  Architectural Design - Sample Questions 13. Which flooring material is the least resilient? a. Vinyl sheets b. Linoleum c. Vinyl tiles d. Ceramic tiles  Architectural Design - Sample Questions 14. Which is the best location for bedrooms? a. North b. South c. East d. West ARCHITECTURAL COMMUNICATION Architectural Communication refers to graphic tools, techniques, and conventions designers use to communicate Advances in computer technology: 2D drawing programs to 3D modelers and Building Information Modeling (BIM) software to express the intent of the design for it to be understandable and implementable OUTLINE Essential tools and techniques of drawing and drafting Principal systems of pictorial representations Digital techniques of drawing and drafting OUTLINE Essential tools and techniques of drawing and drafting Principal systems of pictorial representations Digital techniques of drawing and drafting Architectural Communication Essential tools: DRAWING PENCILS DRAWING PENS DRAWING GUIDES DRAWING AIDS DRAWING SCALES DRAWING SURFACES COLORING MEDIA Architectural Communication Essential techniques: DRAWING LINES LINE TYPES LINE WEIGHTS RENDERED DRAWINGS Architectural Communication Color theory: COLOR WHEEL PRIMARY COLORS SECONDARY COLORS TERTIARY COLORS Architectural Communication Color theory: COLOR WHEEL PRIMARY COLORS SECONDARY COLORS TERTIARY COLORS COLOR HARMONY MONOCHROMATIC COMPLEMENTARY ANALOGOUS TRIADIC Architectural Communication Color theory: COLOR PROPERTIES CHROMA - how pure a hue is in relation to gray SATURATION - degree of purity of a hue INTENSITY - brightness or dullness of a hue VALUE - a measure of amt of light reflected from a hue SHADE - hue produces by adding black TINT - hue produces by adding white Architectural Communication Color theory: COLOR MIXING CMYK Cyan-Magenta-Yellow-Black ideal for designs that will be printed with ink RGB Red-Green-Blue best for digital images that will be displayed on a screen GREY SCALE Black and white only HSB Hue, Saturation, Black (tint / shade) OUTLINE Essential tools and techniques of drawing and drafting Principal systems of pictorial representations Digital techniques of drawing and drafting Architectural Communication Principal systems of pictorial representations Pictorial Systems PROJECTION DRAWING MULTIVIEW DRAWINGS PARALINE DRAWINGS PERSPECTIVE DRAWINGS Architectural Communication Principal systems of pictorial representations Pictorial Systems PROJECTION DRAWING Orthographic Projection - parallel to each other and perpendicular to the picture plane Oblique Projection - parallel to each other and oblique to the picture plane Perspective Projection - sightlines radiate from a central point that represents a single eye of the observer Architectural Communication Principal systems of pictorial representations Pictorial Systems MULTIVIEW DRAWINGS plans, sections, and elevations The principal face in each view is oriented parallel to the picture plane Architectural Communication Principal systems of pictorial representations Pictorial Systems PARALINE DRAWINGS Isometrics: The three major axes make equal angles with the picture plane. Dimetrics: Two of the three major axes make equal angles with the picture plane. Trimetrics: All three major axes make different angles with the picture plane. Elevation obliques: A principal vertical face is oriented parallel to the picture plane. Plan obliques: A principal horizontal face is oriented parallel to the picture plane. Architectural Communication Principal systems of pictorial representations Pictorial Systems PERSPECTIVE DRAWINGS 1 -point perspectives: One horizontal axis is perpendicular to the picture plane while the other horizontal axis and the vertical axis are parallel with the picture plane. 2-point perspectives: Both horizontal axes are oblique to the picture plane and the vertical axis remains parallel with the picture plane. 3-point perspectives: Both horizontal axes and vertical axis are oblique to the picture plane. OUTLINE Essential tools and techniques of drawing and drafting Principal systems of pictorial representations Digital techniques of drawing and drafting Architectural Communication Digital techniques Computer-aided design (CAD) aid in the visualization and design from the vector-based drawing and drafting of lines and figures in two-dimensional space (2D CAD) to the modeling and animation of solids in three-dimensional (3D CAD) space Architectural Communication Digital techniques Digital Model Architectural Communication Digital techniques Digital Renderings Architectural Communication Digital techniques Building information modeling (BIM) a digital technology that builds on CAD capabilities and uses a database of project information and three-dimensional, dynamic modeling software to facilitate the exchange and interoperability of building information can be used for the life-cycle of a building from design to management of facilities operation