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ARCC Design Handouts Chapter 1: National Building Code 1.1 Building Classification Building classification based on Table VII.1 of the Philippine National Building Code. General Use Zoning Classification Division A-1...

ARCC Design Handouts Chapter 1: National Building Code 1.1 Building Classification Building classification based on Table VII.1 of the Philippine National Building Code. General Use Zoning Classification Division A-1 Residential R-1 Residential building for Low-density residential Zone characterized by single-family, exclusive use of single family single detached dwellings. Not operated primarily for gain. occupants Division A-2 Residential R-2 Building for exclusive use of A medium density residential use characterized mainly as low- non-leasing occupants not rise single attached, duplex more than 10pax Basic R-2: Single attached or duplex building, 1-3 storeys Maximum R-2: low-rise multiple family dwelling’s, 3-5 storeys Division B-1 Residential R-3 Residential buildings, Hotels, Low rise or medium rise condominium buildings that are Apartments. Accommodates commercial in scale. for gain ; more than 10 pax. Basic R-3: Rowhouse, 1-3 storeys Maximum R-3: Medium rise multiple family dwelling, 3-5 storeys Residential R-4 Medium to high-density residential. Rows of town houses within a subdivided lot or property. Residential R-5 Very High density residential use characterized as medium-rise or high-rise condominium. 5-12 storeys Division C-1 ~city wide/non-profit org. Educational institutions, libraries, museums, galleries, civic Education and Recreation centers, churches, other types of government buildings Division C-2 General Institutional (GI) Education and Recreation A community to national level of institutional use for educational, training, and other related activities Division D-1 Mental Hospitals, police and fire stations, jails, rehabilitation Institutional (Government and centers, quarantine station health services) personal General Institutional (GI) liberties of inmates are A community to national level of institutional use for restrained educational, training, and other related activities Division D-2 Hospitals, sanitaria, homes for the aged, nurseries for children Institutional buildings for health care Division D-3 Nursing homes for ambulatory patients, school and home for For ambulatory patients or children, orphanages boarding house : children over kindergarten age Division E-1 Light Commercial C-1 Business and mercantile A neighborhood or community level commercial use or where no work is done except occupancy. 1-3 storeys for change parts and maintenance Division E-2 Medium Commercial C-2 Wholesale and retail stores, A municipal or city level commercial use or occupancy. 3-5 shopping malls, wet and dry storeys markets 1  ARCC Design Handouts General Use Zoning Classification Division E-3 Metropolitan Commercial C-3 All permitted uses in C1 and A metropolitan level commercial use or occupancy. Large to C2, aircraft hangars, very large shopping malls, very large office, or mixed use commercial parking, buildings department stores Division F-1 Light Industrial I-1 Light Industrial, Non- Low rise sprawling building for low intensity manufacturing or hazardous production activities Division G-1 Medium Industrial I-2 Medium Industrial which shall Low rise sprawling building for medium intensity include storage and handling manufacturing or production activities of hazardous material Division H-1 Park Structures, Recreation, and Entertainment PRE Assembly buildings with stage Low-rise or medium-rise building/structure for recreational or having an occupant load of less entertainment functions related to educational functions than 1,000 Cultural CUL A community or national level use characterized by Low-rise or medium-rise building/structure for cultural activities Division H-2 Assembly building without stage having an occupant load of 300 or more in the building. Division H-3 Assembly building without stage having an occupant load of less than 300 in the building. Division H-4 All types of resort complexes. Tourism estate developments. Stadia, review stands, amusement parks. All types of amusement and entertainment complexes. Division I-1 Park Structures, Recreation, and Entertainment PRE Assembly buildings with stage Low-rise or medium-rise building/structure for recreational or having an occupant load of entertainment functions related to educational functions more than 1,000 Cultural CUL A community or national level use characterized by Low-rise or medium-rise building/structure for cultural activities Division J-1 Agricultural and other occupancies/uses not specifically Agricultural structures mentioned under groups A through I Division J-2 Planned Unit Development PUD Accessory, Carports Refers to land development or redevelopment where in the project site must have a Comprehensive Development Master Plan. Mixed Occupancy General Requirements based on Section 703 of the NBC. When a building is of mixed occupancy or used for more than one occupancy, the whole building shall be subject to the most restrictive requirement pertaining to any type of occupancy except in the following: a) When a one storey building houses more than 1 occupancy, each portion of the building shall conform to the requirement of the particular occupancy housed therein. b) Where minor accessory uses do not occupy more than 10% of the area of any floor or building the major use of the building shall determine the occupancy classification. c) Any occupancy separation shall be required a minimum of one hour fire resistive occupancy separation. 2  ARCC Design Handouts Location on Property General Requirements based on Section 704 of the NBC. a) No building shall be constructed unless it adjoins or has direct access to a public space. Yard, or street, on at least 1 side. b) For the purpose of this section, the centerline of an adjoining street or alley shall be considered an adjacent property line. c) Eaves over windows shall not be less than 750mm form the side and rear property lines. d) Buildings on the same property and court walls shall be assumed to have a property line between them. 1.2 Building Setback Requirements Building setbacks stated herein are based on the NBC. Some municipalities have setback restrictions which are more stringent thus this shall be counter checked with local regulations. Minimum Setback Requirements for Residential Building/Structures Based on Table VIII.2 of the Philippine National Building Code. All measurements are in meters YARD Type of Residential Use/ Occupancy R-1 R-2 R-3 R-4 R-5 Basic Maximum Basic Maximum Front 4.50 3.00 8.00* 3.00 8.00* 4.50 6.00 Side 2.00 2.00** 2.00** *** 2.00 2.00 3.00 optional optional Rear 2.00 2.00 2.00 *** 2.00 2.00 3.00 *Total setback only at grade. Upper floors shall comply with minimum 3m setback. accommodate parking **Setback required for only (1) side. ***Abutments on two sited and rear of property may be allowed ****Mixed use buildings in R5 shall be considered as commercial use if substantial GFA is commercial (i.e. 50%). Setbacks for Commercial, Industrial, Institutional, and Recreational Buildings Based on Table VIII.3 of the Philippine National Building Code. All measurements are in meters RROW Width Front Side Rear sidewalk to sidewalk 30.00 & above 8.00 5.00 5.00 25.00 t0 29.00 6.00 3.00 3.00 20.00 to 24.00 5.00 3.00 3.00 10.00 to 19.00 5.00 2.00 2.00 Below 10.00 5.00 2.00 2.00 Building Projections Projections beyond the exterior wall shall not exceed beyond a point (1/3) one-third the distance from where the fire resistive wall is to the property line. Easements Easement is public land and shall not be used for any form of building. If easement is wider than 9m. it may include a roadway or park. Pedestrian access to be located at/above/below easement may also be developed for public use. Hardscape and softscape are allowed such as steps leading to the boardwalk. Permanent utility lines are allowed as long as they are below grade. 3  ARCC Design Handouts Easement along Bodies of Water based on the Water Code of the Philippines Measurement to be taken form high tide line. Location on Water Body Easement Urban Areas 3m per side of waterway Agricultural Areas 20m per side of waterway Forest Areas 40m per side of waterway 1.3 Percentage Site Occupancy Based on MBC Section 803, The measurement of percentage of site occupancy shall be taken at ground level and shall be exclusive of courts, yards, and light wells. In case of additional construction on a lot where another structure already stands the Percentage Site Occupancy (PSO) of the existing structure shall be included in the computation of the PSO for the total lot area (TLA). Some municipalities have PSO restrictions which are more stringent thus this shall be counter checked with local regulations. TOSL- Total Open space within Lots shall consist of courts, yards, gardens, light wells, uncovered driveways, access roads, and parking spaces. ISA -paved or tiled hardscaped areas USA -Expossed soil and planted allows water to penetrate/trickle down PSO+ISA = MACA Maximum Allowable Construction Floor Area TLA-TOSL= AMBF Allowable Maximum Building Footprint Maximum Allowable PSO based on NBC Table VIII.1 Zoning Classification Maxium PSO TOSL Maximum ISA Minimum USA Basic R-2 55 30 15 With fire wall 60 30 10 Maximum R-2 60 30 10 With fire wall 70 20 10 Basic R-3 65 20 15 With fire wall 70 20 10 Maximum R-3 70 20 10 With fire wall 80 10 10 Residential R-4 70 20 10 With fire wall 80 10 10 Residential R-5 70 20 10 With fire wall 80 10 10 Light Commercial C-1 70 20 10 With fire wall 80 10 10 Medium Commercial C-2 75 20 5 With fire wall 85 10 5 Metropolitan Commercial C-3 80 15 5 With fire wall 90 5 5 Light Industrial I-1 70 20 10 With fire wall 80 10 10 4  ARCC Design Handouts Zoning Classification Maxium PSO TOSL Maximum ISA Minimum USA Medium Industrial I-2 70 15 15 With fire wall 80 5 15 Heavy Industrial I-3 70 15 15 With fire wall 80 5 15 Institutional 50 20 30 With fire wall 60 20 20 Cultural 60 20 20 With fire wall 70 20 10 Planned Unit Development Close to Airport in reclamation area 70 15 15 In reclamation area 70 15 15 In coastal area 70 15 15 Close to Airport in in-land area 70 10 20 In in-land area 70 10 20 Footprint based on Firewall Provisions a) Absolutely no firewalls are allowed for a low density residential R-1 uses or occupancies. An abutment of 3.20m may be allowed for the purpose of supporting a carport roof. Such abutment shall be no longer than 7m of 50% of the side property line. b) For medium density residential R-2 occupancies, (1) One fire wall can be erected on a maximum of 80% of the total length of a side property line. c) For High density residential R-3 with a fire wall on both sides, a fire wall can be erected on a maximum of 85% of the total length of each side provided that the firewall does not exceed 65% of the total perimeter. This is only allowed for a 2 storey component structure. d) For High density residential R-3 with a fire wall on one side a firewall can be erected on 90% of the total length of the side provided that the firewall does not exceed 50% of the total perimeter. This is only allowed for a 2 storey component structure. Maximum allowed rear fire wall is 3.2m. e) For R-4 occupancies, firewalls on two sides of each townhouse may be permitted. The fire wall can be erected on a maxiumum of 85% of the total length of each side property line provided that all firewall construction does not exceed 50% of the total perimeter of each property. This shall be allowed for a maxium 3 storey structure. f) For R-5 occupancy with a firewall on 2 sides a fire wall can be erected on a maximum of 75% of the total length of each side provided that the firewall does not exceed 50% of the total perimeter. This is only allowed for an 8 storey component g) For R-5 occupancy with a firewall on 1 side a fire wall can be erected on a maximum of 65% of the total length of 1 side and maximum 50% length of rear property line provided that the firewall does not exceed 60% of the total perimeter. This is only allowed for an 8 storey component. Maximum firewall height is 14m h) The provision of a sprinkler system in the case of commercial, institutional, and industrial structures may be allowed for up to 70% of the total perimeter of property lines. 5  ARCC Design Handouts 1.4 Building Height Limit The building height limit (BHL) is the maximum height to be allowed for buildings/structures based on their proposed use or occupancy. The BHL is generally determined after the application of other development controls. It shall be measured from the established grade line to the top most portion of the building/structure. This is subject to the final confirmation from CAAP an/or local ordinances. BHL excludes the height of permitted/allowed projections above the roof of buildings such as signage, mast, antenna, beacons, and the like. Zoning Classification No of Floors Allowable Building Height (storeys) (meters) Residential R-1 3 10 Basic R-2 3 10 Maximum R-2 5 15 Basic R-3 3 10 Maximum R-3 12 36 Residential R-4 3 10 Residential R-5 12-18 36-54 Light Commercial C-1 3-5 10-15 Medium Commercial C-2 6 18 Metropolitan Commercial C-3 6-60 48-180 Light Industrial I-1 - 15 Medium Industrial I-2 - 21 Heavy Industrial I-3 - 27 Institutional - 15 Cultural - 30 Planned Unit Development Close to Airport in reclamation area 3-15 10-45 with CAAP approval In reclamation area 3-30 10-30 In coastal area 16-45 48-135 Close to Airport in in-land area 3-25 10-75 with CAAP approval In in-land area 12-60 36-180 The height of proposed buildings/structures shall also be governed by the following RROW based limitations: (shall be applied to all occupancies) a) If only 1 RROW services a lot and such is only 6-7m wide a BHL of 3storeys or 9m maximum shall be observed. b) If only 1 RROW services a lot and such is only 4-5m wide a BHL of 2.5storeys or 7.5m maximum shall be observed. c) If only 1 RROW services a lot and such is only 3m wide a BHL of 2storeys or 6m maximum shall be observed. Taller buildings shall be allowed for duly approved high density developments such as PUD areas. 6  ARCC Design Handouts Establishing Grade a) In case of sloping grade where the edges of the building footprint running perpendicular to the RROW has a difference in elevation of less than 3m the highest adjoining NGL shall be considered the established grade elevation. b) In case of sloping grade where the edges of the building footprint running perpendicular to the RROW has a difference in elevation of more than 3m the average grade level of the building footprint shall be considered the established grade elevation. 1.5 Construction Floor Area As per NBC the total Gross Floor Area (TGFA) or Construction Floor Area is the total floor space within the main and auxiliary buildings primarily consisting of the GFA and other enclosed support areas together with all other usable horizontal areas above and below the grade level that are physically attached to the building/s which shall consist of the following: a) Covered areas used for parking and driveways, services, and utilities b) Vertical penetrations in parking floors where no office or residential is present c) Uncovered areas for helipads, ACCU balconies, cooling towers, roof decks, laundry, pools, gardens, balconies exceeding 10sq.m., fire escape structures. d) Other building projections such as canopies. BHL x AMBF = Allowable Maximum Volume Building AMVB/TGFA Crosscheck TGFA with the AMVB. AMVB must always prevail. 1.6 Gross Floor Area As per NBC the Gross Floor Area (TGFA) is the total floor space within the perimeter of the permanent external building walls (inclusive of main and auxiliary buildings) such as office areas, residential areas, corridors, lobbies, mezzanine levels. The GFA shall also include building projections which may serve as floors such as balconies. GFA excludes the ff: a) Covered areas used for parking and driveways, services, and utilities b) Vertical penetrations in parking floors where no office or residential is present c) Uncovered areas for helipads, ACCU balconies, cooling towers, roof decks, laundry, pools, gardens, balconies exceeding 10sq.m., fire escape structures. d) Other building projections such as canopies. TLA x FAR =Gross floor area GFA FAR Reference Table based on Table VII.G.1 of the NBC Zoning Classification FAR Residential R-1 1.50 Basic R-2 1.30 to 1.50 Maximum R-2 2.10 to 3.00 Basic R-3 1.80 to 2.10 Maximum R-3 7.10 to 8.10 Residential R-4 1.60 to 1.80 Residential R-5 6.00 to 9.00 7  ARCC Design Handouts Zoning Classification FAR Light Commercial C-1 1.70 to 3.00 Medium Commercial C-2 3.60 to 9.00 Metropolitan Commercial C-3 9.00 to 34.00 Light Industrial I-1 1.50 to 2.50 Medium Industrial I-2 2.50 to 3.00 Heavy Industrial I-3 3.00 to 5.00 Institutional 2.5 Cultural 3.5 Planned Unit Development Close to Airport in reclamation area 6.00 In reclamation area 6.00 to 12.00 In coastal area 12.00 to 18.00 Close to Airport in in-land area 6.00 to 18.00 In in-land area 9.00 to 34.00 FAR as stated in the local ordinance/CLUP/lot description of the site shall govern. 1.7 Conversion of GFA to CFA The table below shows the conversion of GFA to CFA as stated in the NBC Rule 7. Though this is not a hard requirement it may help designers in determining the building volume during the Concept stage while specific room area requirements are not determined yet. After floor plans have been detailed the table below can help assess the efficiency of the building. Conversion Table for GFA to CFA based on Table VII.G.2 of the NBC Zoning Classification Non GFA areas as a % Multiplier to convert of the CFA GFA to CFA Residential R-1 33% 1.50 Basic R-2 20% 1.25 Maximum R-2 16% 1.20 Basic R-3 20% 1.25 Maximum R-3 16% 1.20 Residential R-4 20% 1.25 Residential R-5 16% 1.20 Light Commercial C-1 20% 1.25 Medium Commercial C-2 25% 1.33 Metropolitan Commercial C-3 33% 1.50 Light Industrial I-1 25% 1.33 Medium Industrial I-2 33% 1.50 Heavy Industrial I-3 33% 1.50 1.8 Parking Requirements The size of the average car parking slot must be computed at 2.50 by 5.00 meters for perpendicular or diagonal parking and at 2.15 by 6.00m for parallel parking. A standards truck or bus parking must be computed at a minimum 3.60 by 12.00m. an articulated truck slot must be computed at a minimum 3.60 by 18m. a jeepney or shuttle slot must be computed at 3.00 by 9.00m. 8  ARCC Design Handouts Minimum Required Parking per Occupancy –based on Table VII.4 of NBC Zoning Classification Parking Requirements Residential R-1  1 car parking slot for every 6 dwelling units for lots Basic R-2 measuring 32 to 72sq.m. Maximum R-2  1 car parking slot for every 4 dwelling units for lots Basic R-3 measuring 50 to 96sq.m.  1 car parking slot for each dwelling unit for lots measuring Maximum R-3 100sq.m and above. Residential R-4  Units with a GFA of 50sq.m. provide 1 parking slot for every 2 units.  Units with a GFA of 51sq.m. to 150sq.m. provide 1 parking slot for every unit.  Units with a GFA of 151sq.m. and above. provide 2 parking slots for every unit. Residential R-5  Units with GFA of 18sq.m to 22sq.m. provide 1 parking for every 8 units  Units with GFA of 23sq.m to 50sq.m. provide 1 parking for every 6 units  Units with GFA of 51sq.m to 100sq.m. provide 1 parking for every 4 units  Units with GFA of 100sq.m or more provide 1 parking for every unit.  Hotels-1 car parking slot for every three (3) rooms for highly urbanized areas.  Hotels-1 car parking slot for every three (7) rooms for other areas.  Hotels-2 tourist bus parking per hotel  Hotel-1 articulated truck parking slot for each hotel  Residential Hotels/Apartels-1 car parking for every 5 units and 1 bus parking for every 60 rooms  Motels- 1 car slot for every unit  Pension/boarding/lodging house- 1 car parking for every 20 beds Light Commercial C-1  Neighborhood market- 1 car slot for every 100sq.m. shopping area. 1 buyer shuttle parking for every 150sq.m. of wet and dry market floor area. 1 vendor shuttle parking for every 300sq.m. of wet and dry market floor area. 1 loading space that can accommodate 2 shuttle slots. 6 tricyles for every 1,000 sq.m. of wet and dry market floor area.  Public Market- 1 car slot for every 30sq.m. customer area  Restaurants-1 car slot for every 20sq.m. customer area  Nightclubs-1 car slot for every 30sq.m. customer area  Commercial spaces in mixed use buildings o Units with GFA of 18sq.m.to 40sq.m. provide 1 parking for every 2 units o Units with GFA of 41sq.m.to 70sq.m. provide 1 parking for each unit o Units with a GFA of more than 70sq.m. provide 1 parking slot for every 70sq.m. or a fraction thereof 9  ARCC Design Handouts Zoning Classification Parking Requirements Medium Commercial C-2  Churches- 1 car slot and 1 shuttle slot for every 50sq.m. Congregation area.  Public School-1 car parking for every 10 classrooms, 1 loading space that can accommodate 2 shuttle slots.  Private School-1 car parking for every 5 classrooms, 1 loading space that can accommodate 2 shuttle slots. 1 school bus slot for every 100 students  Public Colleges-1 car parking for every 5 classrooms, 1 loading space that can accommodate 2 shuttle slots. 1 school bus slot for every 200 students  Private Colleges-1 car parking for every 3 classrooms, 1 loading space that can accommodate 2 shuttle slots. 1 school bus slot for every 100 students Institutional D-1  Mental Hospitals and Asylums- 1 parking slot for every 25 beds, 1 loading space that can accommodate 2 shuttle slots. Institutional D-2  Public Hospital -1 parking slot for every 25 beds, 1 loading space that can accommodate 2 shuttle slots. 1 loading slot for articulated truck. 1 loading slot for standard truck for every 5,000sq.m. of GFA  Private Hospital -1 parking slot for every 12 beds, 1 loading space that can accommodate 2 shuttle slots. 1 loading slot for articulated truck. 1 loading slot for standard truck for every 5,000sq.m. of GFA Institutional D-3  Nursing Homes -1 parking slot for every 12 beds, 1 loading space that can accommodate 2 shuttle slots. Light Industrial I-1  1 car slot for every 1,000sq.m. GFA and 1 bus slot for every 100 workers. If number of workers exceeds 200 provide 1 Medium Industrial I-2 loading space that can accommodate 2 shuttle slots. 1 slot for long container van and 1 loading slot for standard Heavy Industrial I-3 truck delivery for every 5,000sq.m. of GFA. Division H  Public recreational buildings such as cinemas, auditoria- 1 car slot and 1 shuttle slot for every 50sq.m. of spectator area and 1 bus parking for every 200 spectators.  Covered amusement parks - 1 car slot for every 50sq.m. of spectator area  Clubhouses -1 car slot for every 100sq.m. of spectator area Division I  Public recreational activity, sports complex, stadia-1 car slot and 1 shuttle slot for every 50sq.m. of spectator area and 1 bus slot for every 200 spectators. General Provisions based on Section 707 of NBC a) In computing for parking slots, a fraction of 50% and above shall be considered as 1 parking slot to be provided. b) Multi floor parking garages may serve 20% of the parking requirements of the building within a 200m radius provided that 80% of the parking requirements are integrated into the building. c) Offsite parking may be considered part of the project provided it consists of leased or reserved parking slots within a permanent parking building and not in a vacant lot. It shall be located no more than 100m away from a residential building or no more than 200m away for office or commercial project. d) Traffic generating buildings may be located at major intersections provided that the distance from ingress/egress to intersection is not less than 50m. 10  ARCC Design Handouts 1.9 Road Right of Way Minimum RROW provisions for Developments with Multiple Dwellings Based on NBC Table VIII.G.3 Number of Dwelling Units Min. Carriageway Min. Sidewalk Min. Total RROW on each side Up to 6 units 3.00 0.60 4.20 7-15 units 4.00 1.00 6.00 16-25 units 5.00 1.00 7.00 25-35 units 6.00 1.00 8.00 More than 35 units 6.70 1.00 8.70 The 3m wide minimum access road necessarily includes all provisions for drainage and utility lines. Trees or plants shall not be sited within any part of the 3m access road. Range of Required Sidewalk and Planting Strip Widths Based on NBC Table VIII.G.4 and Table VIII.G.5 RROW Width Range of Required Sidewalk Widths Min Width of Planting Strip Total at both sides of RROW Total at both sides of RROW Below 10m From 1/4 to 1/3 of RROW width Optional 10-19m From 1/4 to 1/3 of RROW width 0.40m 20-24m From 1/6 to 1/3 of RROW width 0.60m 25-29m From 1/6 to 1/3 of RROW width 0.60m 30m and above From 1/6 to 1/4 of RROW width 1.20m Width of RROW shall be measured from edge of sidewalk or planting strip. General Provisions a) The sidewalk pavement shall have a non-slip surface and shall slope down from the building line towards the curb line at not more than 1/50 and shall level off with the curb. b) Sidewalks of 2m or more in width shall include on its outer side a planting strip of not less than 800mm separating the curb from the sidewalk pavement. c) Whenever the slope of the street does not exceed 1/12 the sidewalk grade shall follow the level or slope of the street. d) Whenever the slope of the street is 1/10, the sidewalk shall be maintained level for every 20m to 40m of run. Sidewalks of different levels shall be connected by means of a ramp with slope not exceeding 1/6 e) Entrance and exit driveway ramps shall have a slope not exceeding 1/10 1.10 Light and Ventilation Ceiling Heights-Section 805, NBC a) Habitable rooms provided with artificial ventilation shall have a ceiling height of not less than 2.40m measured from floor to ceiling. For buildings with more than 1 storey the minimum floor to floor height for the ground floor is 2.7m b) Mezzanine floors shall have a minimum clear ceiling height of 1.8m 11  ARCC Design Handouts Windows-Section 808, NBC a) All rooms without mechanical ventilation shall be provided with windows with a total free area of openings equal to or at least 10% the floor area of the room. Toilets and laundry rooms may be provided with windows with a total free area of openings equal to or at least 5% the floor area of the room. b) Absolutely no openings are allowed along property lines. c) Windows to be used for emergency egress shall have a minimum width of 820mm and a height of 1000mm. the bottom of the opening shall not be more than 820mm from the floor. Vent Shafts-Section 809, NBC a) Vent shafts shall have a minimum cross sectional area of 1sq.m. no vent shaft shall have its least dimension less than 600mm Basements- Based on Section F of Rule VIII, NBC Maximum Configuration of Basement Levels a) The minimum RROW width that services the lot on which the basement can be constructed should be at least 10m wide. b) Setbacks on the natural grade line shall be applicable on basement levels as well unless otherwise stated in the local ordinance. c) If the code prescription for introducing natural light and ventilation into all basement levels are satisfied the maximum depth of the basement can be made equal to ½ of the building height above grade. Minimum Provisions for Natural Lighting a) A primary or main natural light and ventilation shaft with a clear distance of at least 3m shall be located at the center of the building throughout the entire building. b) Secondary or support natural light and ventilation shafts (angular) with aclear distance of 1.2m shall emanate from the rear and front perimeters of the building and shall traverse the basement floors. the angular shift shall be at 60 deg from the horizontal plane. 12  ARCC Design Handouts Chapter 2: Plumbing Code of the Philippines 2.1 Minimum Required Plumbing Fixtures Provided in the table below shows the minimum plumbing fixture requirement per occupancy as stated in the National Plumbing Code of the Philippines. This shall be validated by the plumbing consultant on board the project. Taken from Table 4.1 of the Plumbing Code. Types of Water Closets Urinals Lavatories Bathtubs Drinking Occupancy or or Fountain Building Male Female Showers (M) (F) Assembly 1: 1-15 1: 1-15 1 per 50 1 per 40 - - Places: 2:16-35 3:16-35 Auditoriums, 3:36-55 4:36-55 Convention Halls, etc – for Over 55, Over 55, permanent and 1 fixt. and 1 fixt. employee use for for additional additional 40pax 40pax 3: 1-50 1: 1-100 1 : 1-100 1:1-200 4:51-100 2:101-200 2 : 101-200 2:201-400 Assembly 8:101-200 3:201-400 3 : 201-400 3:401-750 Places: 11:201-400 4 : 401-600 Auditoriums, Over 400, Over 750, - 1 per 75 Convention Over 400, add 1 fixt. add 1 fixt. Halls, etc – for add 2 fixt. for Over 600, for public use for additional add 1 per additional additional 500pax 500 M 500pax 300pax 1 per 12 1 per 25 1 per 10 Over 150, Dormitories 1 per 8 Over 150, Over 10, add 1 per School or Over 8, add add 1 per 1 per 8 add 1 per 20 M and 1 Labors 1 per 20 50 25 per 15 F additional additional 1:1-15 1:1-15 2:16-35 3:16-35 3:36-55 4:36-55 Dormitories for 1 per 40 1 per 50 1 per 8 - Staff Use Over 55, Over 55, add 1 per add 1 per 40 40 1 per 1 per Dwellings dwelling dwelling Single Dwelling 1 per dwelling 1 per 1 per Multiple 1 per dwelling / apartment dwelling / dwelling / Dwelling or unit apartment apartmen Apartment unit t unit Hospital 1 per room 1 per room Waiting Rooms 1 per 75 13  ARCC Design Handouts Types of Water Closets Urinals Lavatories Bathtubs Drinking Occupancy or or Fountain Building Showers Male Female (M) (F) 1 per 40 1:1-15 Over 150, 2:16-35 Hospital for 1 per 50 add 1 for 20 1 per 75 3:36-55 - employee use additional M and 1 for Over 55, add 1 per 40 15 F additional additional Hospitals Individual 1 per rm 1 per rm 1 per person Room - 1 per 75 1 per 10 1 per 20 1 per 8 patients Ward Room patients patients 1 per 10 Over 100, 1 per 15 Industrial: 1:1-10 persons Warehouses, 2:11-25 additional Workshops, 3:26-50 Foundries and 4:51-75 - possibility 1 per 15 1 per 75 other 5:76-100 of skin establishments exposure to (for employee Over 100, add 1 per 30 poison use) persons additional provide 1 per 5 persons Institutional. Other than hospitals or 1 per 25 1 per 20 1 per 50 1 per 10 1 per 8 1 per 75 penal institutions (per occupied floor) Institutional. 1:1-15 1:1-15 Other than 2:16-35 3:16-35 hospitals or 3:36-55 4:36-55 penal 1 per 50 1 per 40 1 per 8 1 per 75 institutions (per Over 55, Over 55, occupied floor) add 1 per add 1 per for employee 40 40 use additional additional 1: 1-100 1:1-100 1:1-200 1:1-200 2: 101-200 2:101-200 2:201-400 2:201-400 3: 201-400 3:201-400 3:401-750 3: 401-750 4: 401-600 Office or Public - 1 per 75 Buildings Over 55, Over 55, Over 750 Over 600 add 1 per add 2 per add 1 fixt add 1 fixt. 500 55 for 500 For 300 additional additional additional additional 1:1-15 1:1-15 2:16-35 3:16-35 Office or Public 3:36-55 4:36-55 Buildings for 1 per 50 1 per 40 - 1 per 75 employee use Over 55, Over 55, add 1 per add 1 per 40 40 14  ARCC Design Handouts 1:1-15 1:1-15 Penal 2:16-35 3:16-35 Institution for 3:36-55 4:36-55 1 per 50 1 per 40 - 1 per 75 employee use Over 55, add Over 55, add 1 per 40 1 per 40 Types of Water Closets Urinals Lavatories Bathtubs Drinking Occupancy or or Fountain Building Showers s Male Female (M) (F) Penal 1 per cell Institution 1 per cell 1 per cell 1 per cell block flr for prison use Cell 1 per 1 per 1 per 1 per 1 per Exercise Room exercise rm exercise rm exercise exercise rm exercise rm rm 1: 1-150 2: 151-200 3: 201-400 1:1-50 1:1-15 2:51-150 3:16-35 Over 400 3:150-300 4:36-55 add 1 fist Restaurant. for 400 Pubs and 1 per 150 - - Over 300, Over 300, additional Lounges add 1 per add 1 per 200 200 Provide additional additional separate handwashi ng facility for staff 1:1-15 1:1-15 2:16-35 3:16-35 3:36-55 4:36-55 Schools for staff use 1 per 50 1 per 40 - - Over 55, Over 55, All schools add 1 per add 1 per 40 40 additional additional Schools for Student use 1:1- 1:1-20 1:1-20 150M,1:1- 1 per 75 2:21-50 2:21-50 25F - Nursery Over 50, Over 50, - 2:26-50M, add 1 per add 1 per 2:26-50F 50 50 Over 50, add 1 per Elementary 1 per 30 1 per 25 1 per 75 50 - 1 per 75 1 per 35 Secondary Others(Colleges 1 per 40 1 per 30 1 per 35 - 1 per 75 , Universities, 1:40M, Adult centers, 1:30F etc) Worship Places 1 per 75 1 per 2 Educational 1per 25 2:76-125 1 per 25 water - 1 per 75 and Activities 2:126-250 3:126-250 closets Unit 15  ARCC Design Handouts 1 per 2 Worship Places 1 per 150 1 per 75 1 per 150 water - 1 per 75 Principal closets 1:1-100 M 3:1-150 M Over 100, Over 150, 1:1-100 2:1-100 1:1-100 add 1 per add 1 per Swimming Over 100, Over 100, Over 100, 200 50 - PoolMF add 1 per add 1 per add 1 per 2:1-100 F 2:1-100 F 150 75 150 Over 100, Over 100, add 1 per add 1 per 75 50 Note: Whenever urinals are provided, one (1) water closet is subtracted from the number specified on the table, except that the number of water closets in such cases shall not be reduced to less than two-thirds (2/3) of the minimum specified. The total number of water closets for females shall be at least equal to the total number of water closets and urinals required for males. MF= derived from Max Fajardo’s design guidelines used as supplementary reference 2.2 Drainage General Provisions Excerpts from Chapter 3-4, Plumbing Code of the Philippines a) Horizontal drainage pipes shall have a minimum slope of 2% towards the point of disposal however any pipe 102mm or larger in diameter may have a slope of no less than 1% b) Minimum slope for flat roofs is 2%. c) Recommended roof pitch is 15-30 deg. d) Recommended slope for shower floors is 2%-4%. All Shower areas should have a threshold of at least 25.4mm lower than the outside floor. Threshold shall be able to accommodate a minimum 599mm wide door. All shower areas must be able to accommodate a 762mm diameter circle 2.3 Building Sewer Based on Table 12.1 of the Plumbing Code of the Philippines Description Distance Building or Structure 600mm Property line Clear Water supply wells 15,200mm Streams 15,200mm On-site domestic water service line 300mm Public water main 300mm 16  ARCC Design Handouts Chapter 3: Fire Code of the Philippines 3.1 Classification of Occupancy Based Division 3 of the Fire Code of the Philippines Below is a table comparing the Occupancy classifications as stated in the NBC and the fire code of the Philippines. For this Chapter, the classification as described in the Fire Code shall govern. National Building Code Fire Code of the Philippines Residential R-1 Residential-Single Family Dwellings Basic R-2 Detached dwellings for a single family Maximum R-2 Residential-Apartment Buildings Basic R-3 Buildings with 3 or more living units with Maximum R-3 independent facilities Residential R-4 Residential-Lodging or Rooming Houses 15 or less sleeping accommodations under the same management. Includes any transient type occupancy Residential R-5 Residential-Hotels More than 15 sleeping accommodations under the same management. Includes any transient type occupancy Residential-Dormitories Buildings where group sleeping accommodations for persons not members for the same family are provided Light Commercial C-1 Mercantile Includes all commercial spaces. Minor Medium Commercial C-2 merchandising operations shall be subject to the exit requirements of the predominant Metropolitan Commercial C-3 occupancy. Incidental office, storage, and service facilities located in the same building shall be part of the mercantile occupancy. Business Those used for transaction of business not under mercantile occupancy. Minor Office Occupancy incidental to operations in another occupancy shall be subject to the provisions of the chapter applying to the dominant occupancy. National Building Code Fire Code of the Philippines Metropolitan Commercial C-3 Mixed Occupancies Refers to 2 or more classes of occupancies occurring in the same building. The means of egress shall be sufficient to meet the exit requirements for the occupants of each individual room or section and for maximum occupant load of the entire building Light Industrial I-1 Industrial Includes factories that make products Medium Industrial I-2 Storage All Buildings utilized primarily for storage including parking garages. Minor storage Heavy Industrial I-3 incidental to another occupancy shall be treated as part of the other occupancy. Institutional Health Care 17  ARCC Design Handouts Buildings used for the purpose of medical or other treatment or care of persons. Educational All buildings or a portion thereof for the gathering of at least 6 persons for the purpose of education other than a daycare facility. Instruction rooms incidental to another occupancy shall be treated as part of the other occupancy. Detention and Correctional Buildings used to house one or more persons under varied degrees of restraint or security. Cultural Assembly Includes buildings or portions thereof used for gathering of 50 persons for deliberation, worship, entertainment, eating, drinking, amusement, awaiting transportation, or similar uses. Planned Unit Development Miscellaneous This class of occupancy includes buildings which cannot be properly classified in any of the preceding occupancy groups. Such buildings shall conform to the fundamental guidelines stated in the code. 3.2 Egress Design Parameters Based Division 5 of the Fire Code of the Philippines Capacity of Egress The required capacity of a corridor shall be the occupant load that utilizes the corridor for exit access divided by the required number of exits to which the corridor connects but the corridor capacity shall not be less than the required capacity of the exit to which the corridor leads. Capacity Factors Table Area Stairways Level Components and Ramps (width per person) (width per person) Board and Care 10mm 5mm Health Care, Sprinklered 7.6mm 5mm Health Care, Non-Sprinklered 15mm 13mm High Hazards 18mm 10mm All Others 7.6mm 5mm Computation: Capacity =Width of Stairway (mts) Capacity Factor (m) Occupant Load a) The occupant load in any building or portion thereof shall be the maximum number of persons that may be in the space at any time. b) Where exits serve more than one floor, only the occupant load of each floor considered individually need be used in computing the capacity of the exits of that floor. 18  ARCC Design Handouts c) Required egress capacity from a balcony or mezzanine that passes through the room below shall be added to the capacity of the room below. Occupant Load Table per Room Type, Excerpts for divisions 8 to 16 of the Fire Code Room Type Occupant Load in Meters Assembly Assembly area w/o fixed seats.65 sq.m. per person Auditorium Place of worship Dance floor Lodge room Ballroom Assembly area, less concentrated use 1.4 sq.m. per person Conference room/Meeting Room Drinking establishment Dining room Exhibit Room Gymnasium Lounge Hotel Lobby/Reception Restaurants Standing room or waiting space 0.28sq.m. per person Occupant load w/ fixed seats shall be determined by seats Direct count installed. Waiting area/ pre-function 0.25sq.m. of GFA in addition to Exit from Auditorium, theatre shall not encroach on exit exit provided for the main passageway needed. theatre/ballroom General: In areas not in excess of 950sq.m. The occupant load shall not exceed 0.46sq.m. General: In areas in excess of 950sq.m. The occupant load shall not exceed 0.65sq.m. Educational Any Educational facility 1.9sq.m. of net area Shops, laboratories, similar vocational rooms 4.6sq.m. Occupant load w/ fixed seats shall be determined by seats Direct count installed. Lecture rooms with more than 50pax 1.4 sq.m. of GFA Child day care 3.3 sq.m. of GFA Health care Health care sleeping 11.1sq.m. of GFA Inpatient treatment 22.3sq.m. of GFA Detention Applicable in any floor 11.1 sq.m. of GFA Residential Applicable to any Residential Occupancy, including mezzanine 18.60sq.m. or Max probable and balcony. population, whichever is greater Hotel Suites Condominium Units Recreational Facilities 9.29sq.m. of GFA Pool Cabana Spa Business Center Pool, Gym, and locker rooms 4.64 19  ARCC Design Handouts Room Type Occupant Load in Meters Mercantile Mercantile on or below street floor 2.8sq.m. of GFA Mercantile with more than 1 floor having access to street level 3.7sq.m. of GFA Upper Mercantile floors 5.6sq.m. of GFA Floors for offices, storage, shipping, not open to public 9.3sq.m. of GFA Business Applicable to any Business Occupancy 9.3sq.m. of GFA Industrial 9.30sq.m. or Max probable population, whichever is greater Others Applicable to any Storage Occupancy 27.87sq.m. or Max probable population whichever is greater Parking 2.78sq.m. or Max probable population, whichever is greater Kitchen 18.58sq.m. of GFA Laundry 27.87sq.m. or Max probable population whichever is greater Housekeeping and MEPF rooms 27.87sq.m. or Max probable population whichever is greater Note: a) For downward egress travel, stair width shall be based on the total number of occupants from storeys above the level where the width is measured. b) For upward egress travel, stair width shall be based on the total number of occupants from storeys below the level where the width is measured. Protective Enclosure of Exits a) The separation shall have at least 1 hour fire resistance rating when exit connects 3 storeys or less. b) The separation shall have at least 2 hours fire resistance rating when the exit connects 4 or more storeys. c) Any opening in the separation wall/construction shall be protected by an approved self- closing fire resistive door. d) No exit enclosure shall be used for any purpose other than for means of egress. Measurement of Means of Egress a) The width of means of egress shall be measured by clear width starting from the narrowest point. b) Projections of not more than 114mm at a maximum height of 965mm within the means of egress on each side shall be c) Any means of egress shall not be less than 915mm wide. Number of Means of Egress a) The number of means of egress from any storey including mezzanines shall not be less than 2. b) When the occupant load for any storey or portion thereof is more than 500 but less than 1000 the means of egress shall be 3. c) In excess of 1000 occupant load, the means of egress shall be 4. 20  ARCC Design Handouts Minimum Number of Exits Required Excerpts for divisions 8 to 16 of the Fire Code General Requirements ≤500 Occupant load At least 2 exits 500-1000 Occupant load At least 3 exits > 1000 Occupant load At least 4 exits Assembly Each assembly occupancy shall be provided with a main exit which accommodates ½ of the total occupant load and shall connect to a stairway or ramp leading to a street In addition, exits that can accommodate 2/3 of the occupant load served by that level shall be provided Educational Every room with a capacity of 50 or more or over 93sq.m. shall have at least 2 doorways remote from each other No less than 2 separate exits on every floor/mezzanine Every classroom or room for educational purposes below the floor of discharge shall have at least 1 exit which leads directly to the outside Health Care On all levels At least 2 exits Elevators do not count as required exits Detention On all levels At least 2 exits Residential On all levels At least 2 exits Mercantile On all levels At least 2 exits Single means of egress is allowed for stores with a GFA less than278sq.m. provided that the travel distance is not less than 23m Single means of egress is allowed for mezzanine floors provided that the travel distance is not less than 30m At least 1.5 of the required exits shall be reached without going through check-out stands Business On all levels At least 2 exits A single exit is permitted for a room with less than 100 persons provided it exits directly to the outside at the level of discharge Any business occupancy not exceeding 3 storeys and not exceeding 30 people shall be permitted to have a single exit on each floor Industrial On all levels At least 2 exits A single exit is permitted for a room with less than 25 persons provided it exits directly to the outside at the level of discharge Storage On all levels At least 2 exits Single means of egress is allowed for storage rooms or areas with a GFA less than 1,394sq.m. where less than 10 people are normally present Parking Every floor shall have at least 2 exits traveling away from the fuel pumps if located on a parking floor. Any storey below the storey at which it is being dispensed shall have exits direct to the outside Discharge from Exits A maximum of 50% of the exits may discharge through areas on the floor of discharge provided the following provisions are met. 21  ARCC Design Handouts a) The floor of discharge must be protected by sprinklers or separated from it in accordance to enclosure requirements of exits except when the discharge area is a vestibule not more than 3m from the exterior of the building. b) The entire area on the floor of discharge is separated from areas below by 2hr fire rated construction c) Exit stairs that continue beyond the floor of discharge shall be interrupted at the floor of discharge by partitions, doors, or other effective means. Fire Exit Stairs Arrangement a) If without Fire Suppression System: not less than 1/2 of the length of the maximum over- all diagonal dimension of building or area to be served b) If with Fire Suppression System: not less than 1/3 of the length of the maximum over-all diagonal dimension of building or area to be served c) Note: Scissor stair shall be considered as a single exit for new building. Travel Distance to an Exit a) In case of individual rooms subject to occupancy by not more than six (6) persons, travel from any point in the room to the room door does not exceed 15.00 meters. b) Where open stairways or ramps were used as a path of travel to required exit (mezzanine or balconies), distance shall include the travel on the stairway or ramp. c) In the case of open areas, distance to exits shall be measured from the most remote point subject to occupancy. d) For non-pressurized and non sprinklered exits, travel distance shall include the ramp or stair. e) Travel distance is measured from centerline of natural path of travel starting from most remote point to doorway or tread nosing. Travel Distance, Dead-end, and Common Path Table, Excerpts for divisions 8 to 16 of the Fire Code Occupancy Travel Distance Dead-end Common Path Assembly 46m unprotected - - 61m protected Educational 46m unprotected 6m - 61m protected Flexible/Open Plan 46m unprotected - 46m from any part of 61m protected the room to exit Health Care 30m unprotected 6m 15m from any part of 45m protected the room to exit Detention - - 30m common path allowed Residential 30m unprotected 6m 10m from any part of 30m protected the room to exit Mercantile 46m unprotected 15m 30m from any part of 61m protected the room to exit Business 46m unprotected 6m unprotected 23m from any part of 61m protected 15m protected the room to exit if unprotected 30m from any part of the room to exit if protected 22  ARCC Design Handouts Occupancy Travel Distance Dead-end Common Path Industrial 31m unprotected 15.5m 15m from any part of 46m protected the room to exit Storage, General If less than 1,394sq.m. - - and for less than 10pax 1 exit is allowed Storage, High Hazard 23m unprotected - - 30m protected Parking 45m unprotected - 15m from any part of 60m protected the room to exit 91m for open parking structures Direct Exit/Fire Exit Stairs General Provisions: exterior starr to allowed have a) Minimum headroom is 2m - b) Re-entry mechanism every 4 floors window opening c) Minimum size of door is.71m, maximum is 1.22m d) Stair minimum run is 280mm, stair max. rise is 180mm, stair min. rise 100mm e) Maximum 3.66m between landings f) Landing dimension in the direction of travel should not be less than the stair width g) Width of stairs number of