Academic Vocabulary Branches of Science Astronomy PDF

Academic Vocabulary to Know Branches of Science Astronomy - study of stars and planets Botany - study of plants Cognitive Science, Neuroscience - science of the brain Ecology - study of the natural world Entomology - study of insects Genetics - study of genes Geology - study of rocks Ornithology - s...

Academic Vocabulary to Know Branches of Science Astronomy - study of stars and planets Botany - study of plants Cognitive Science, Neuroscience - science of the brain Ecology - study of the natural world Entomology - study of insects Genetics - study of genes Geology - study of rocks Ornithology - study of birds Paleontology - study of fossils Zoology - study of animals Branches of Social Science and Humanities Key Science-Related Terms Advantageous - providing an advantage Charge - in electricity, positive or negative Control group - in an experiment, the group in which the variable being tested is not changed Empirical - relying on hard data Hierarchy (adj., hierarchical) - system of rank; opposite of egalitarian Isotope - alternate form of an element Indigenous - native Inhibit - prevent, impede (e.g., a response) Innovative - new and revolutionary Metabolism - the process of converting food to energy Anthropology - study of human behavior and social organization, usually on a large scale; can include linguistics, biology, and archaeology Archaeology - study of historical human activity through the recovery or excavation (digging up) of physical objects Economics - study of monetary systems Ethnography - study of individual cultures Folklore - study of traditional stories and myths Sociology - study of everyday human social behaviors and interactions at a specific time Microbial - relating to microscopic organisms Pigment - color Predisposed - having a tendency toward Regenerate - regrow Replicate - repeat (an experiment) and obtain the same results Saturate - to become completely soaked with Stimulus - something that provokes a specific response Symbiosis (adj., Symbiotic) - interaction between two organisms living close together, benefits both Taxonomy - classification system Trait - characteristic Velocity - speed 50 Make a Claim Advance Posit Proffer Speculate Hypothesize Support a Claim Bolster Buttress Substantiate Question a Claim Ambivalence Skepticism Rebut Refute Think about Grapple with Mull over Ruminate about Draw a Conclusion Infer Surmise Provide Sources Attribute Cite Large Amount Multitude Plethora Profusion Small Amount Dearth Paucity Different, Diverse Disparate Heterogeneous Eclectic Noticeable, Striking Conspicuous Coming Together Converge Integrate Intersect Moving Apart Diverge Distinctive Salient Harmless Benign Innocuous Inborn Inherent Innate Intrinsic 51 Additional General Vocabulary Adept - skilled Adversary - opponent Align ( oneself with) - support or adopt the position of Authentic - genuine Centrality - state of being central or essential Complement - to complete or perfect Comprehensive - thorough, complete (NOT to be confused with comprehensible, which means \"understandable) Contingent - dependent upon Confer - give, grant Corollary - a statement or condition that logically results from a proven argument Contemporary - current Cultivate - grow, raise, e.g., crops Judicial - related to the law Marginal - unimportant Mitigate - make less severe Preliminary - occurring before the main event Prevail - win; adj. Prevalent, Prevailing - widespread; generally accepted, e.g., the prevailing theory Reciprocate - respond to an action or behavior with the same action/ behavior Rudimentary - very basic Successor - person who inherits another\'s position Displace - to force someone or something from its home or habitat Dispositi\~n - personality Ideology - belief system Impede, Inhibit- prevent; get in the way of Indigenous - native Inherent, Innate, Intrinsic - inborn, existing in something by definition 52 Common Second Meanings Afford -Grant (e.g., an opportunity) Appreciate -To take into account, recognize the merits of, OR to increase in value Arrest -To stop (not just put handcuffs on a criminal) Assume -To take on responsibility for, acquire (e.g., to assume a new position) Austerity -Financial policy to reduce excess spending on luxury or non-essential items Badger -To pester or annoy (e.g., reporters repeatedly badgered the candidate after the scandal broke) Bent -Liking for. Synonym for penchant, predilection, proclivity Capacity -Ability Chance -To attempt Channel -To direct something (e.g., energy, money) toward a specific purpose Check -To restrain, control, or reduce (e.g., the vaccine checked the spread of the disease) Coin -To invent (e.g., coin a phrase) Compromise -To endanger or make vulnerable (e.g., to compromise one\'s beliefs) Constitution -Build (e.g., a football player has a solid constitution) Conviction -Certainty, determination. Noun form of convinced. Couch-To hide Discriminating -Able to make fine distinctions (e.g., a discriminating palate) Doctor -To tamper with Economy -Thrift (e.g., a writer who has an economical style is one who uses few words) Embroider -To falsify, make up stories about Execute -To carry out Exploit -Make use of ( does not carry a negative connotation) Facility -Ability to do something easily (e.g., a facility for learning languages) Foil -v. To put a stop to (e.g., to foil a robbery) 53 Grave/ Gravity - Serious(ness) Grill - To question intensely and repeatedly (e.g., the police officers grilled the suspect thoroughly) Hamper - To get in the way ot hinder Harbor - To possess, hold (e.g., to harbor a belief) Hobble - Prevent impede Plastic - Able to be changed, malleable (e.g., brain plasticity) Provoke - Elicit (e.g., a reaction) Realize - To achieve (a goal) Reconcile - To bring together opposing or contradictory ideas Relay - To pass on to someone else (e.g., to relay information) Relate - To telt give an account of (a story) Reservations - Misgivings Reserve - To hold off on (e.g., to reserve judgment) Ruffled - Flustered, nonplussed Sap - To drain (e.g., of energy) Scrap - To eliminate Shelve/Table - To reject or discard (e.g., an idea or proposal) Solvent - Able to pay all debts (usually used in a business context) Sound - Firm, stable, reliable, valid (e.g., a sound argument) Spare, Severe - Unadorned, very plain Static - Unchanging (i.e., in a state of stasis) Sustain - To withstand Uniform - Constant, unvarying Unqualified - Absolute Upset - To interfere with an expected outcome 54 - Words that Look Negative But Aren\'t Critic/ Criticism - A critic is a person who writes commentary-either positive or negative- about a subject, e.g., art, music, or sports. Discern/ discerning - To recognize or distinguish; perceptive Ineffable - Indescribable, sublime, beyond words Infallible - Unable to be wrong Ingenious - Clever, brilliant Ingenuous - Na\'ive Inimitable - Unique, one-of-a-kind Innate - Inborn, natural Innocuous - Harmless Intrinsic/ Innate - Inborn, a natural part of Invaluable - Having immense value, priceless Unassuming - Modest Unqualified - Absolute