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Facilities planning determines how the hospitality and tourism establishment\'s resources best upkeep and maintain the achievement of its goals and priorities. For example, if it is the goal of the establishment to provide a safe and comfortable environment for the workers and guests, naturally, it...

Facilities planning determines how the hospitality and tourism establishment\'s resources best upkeep and maintain the achievement of its goals and priorities. For example, if it is the goal of the establishment to provide a safe and comfortable environment for the workers and guests, naturally, it will invest in utilizing high-quality materials to be installed in the facilities in support of its goal. For facilities planning to be implemented, concepts such as facilities location, facilities Facilities location refers to the placement of the different facility elements relative to the needs of employees, guests, suppliers, and other stakeholders, together with other facilities it interfaces. A facility design is a specification for the creation of a facility. For this to materialize, facility systems, layout, and handling systems should be in place. a\. Layout refers to a plan showing the organization and relationship of the parts in a specific facility. b\. The facility system includes structural, atmospheric, and other systems utilized for the normal operations of each facility. c\. The handling system consists of the elements required for facility interactions. 4\. Systems analysis refers to the discipline devoted to the structures and roles of the work systems that simplify processes such as work environments and facilities. This field of study is needed to understand human comfort and ergonomics. Human factors and ergonomics (HFE) refers to the relationship between people, technology, and the factors that affect this relationship Importance of Facilities Planning and HFE 1\. As the tourism and hospitality industry is a fast-paced and growing industry, it is important that facilities planning be a priority and a continuing activity. 2\. Facilities planning and HFE, when observed together, can make work easier, improve efficiency, and render the operational system more resistant to errors that are usually committed. 3\. As such, it can increase productivity and reduce costs by reviewing the system and cutting all activities that are deemed unnecessary or wasteful, su Hotel refers to a full-service accommodation with reception and guest rooms generally offering private facilities with onsite restaurant and room and bar services. Resort refers to a full-service accommodation located in a more natural, relaxed environment with reception and guest rooms generallyoffering private facilities with onsite restaurant and room and bar services. Restaurant refers to any establishment offering refreshments and/or meals to the public. Department store refers to a store that sells or carries several lines of merchandise that are organized into separate sections to promote service, accounting, and control. Shop refers to a small retail establishmentoffering a line of goods and services. Sports and recreational club/center refers to any establishment offering sports and recreational facilities to tourists and the general public Museum refers to an institutional establishment where a collection of valued objects and artifacts on history and culture, arts, and sciences are displayed on exhibition for the general public. Training center refers to any establishment that offers one or more training programs for tourism manpower development and is equipped with training facil facilities, equipment, and institutional staff. Designing is a process of creating a plan and specifications for making or producing an object or space for implementation to address a specific goal or provide a solution to a particular problem. Color Scheme Monochromatic utilizes one color in different hues or tones. Complementary are colors that are located opposite each other in the color wheel (e.g.,yellow, blue-violet, red-violet). Analogous are three or more colors beside each other in the color wheel. Triads are related Elements of Visual Design 1\. Line - It is a series of points that create motion. It determines a certain posit and direction in space. A line can create different variables that form a size a shape, and its weight yields meaning according to its intensity/The following characteristics of lines that are used to convey messages through the design. a\. Straight - sturdy and masculine; it belongs to architecture; it has its moods b\. Vertical expresses the spirit of the Gothic; it is proud and exalted; inspirational. c\. Horizontal represents the horizon of the seascape; it is calm and peaceful; it is repose. d\. Diagonal symbolizes the flight of geese; it is vigorous or even angry; it is action. e\. Curved Line more subtle than the straight line; it is graceful and sensitive; it is feminine; represents architecture that caters to the emotional rather than the physical, OFrank Gehry\'s Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao shows how lines create dynamism and movement both in its exterior and interior designs. Red-orange-heat, stimulation, activity, richness, splendor, dignity Pink - daintiness, gaiety, animation Yellow, yellow-green dryness, crispness, relaxation, warmth, light, cheer Green-blue-coldness, spaciousness, passivity, tranquility Violet-coolness, limpness, dullness, daintiness, reservation, femininity Decorative Uses and Effects of Colors Red-provides a stimulated and cheering feeling in a seemingly lazy atmosphere. This color may also give a sense of active feeling or nervousness. It provides compelling attention and may be used in dining areas; however, it should be used only in small quantities in libraries and kitchens. Blue - provides a feeling of relief from nervousness and depression. It provides a cooling effect in the space and a sense of infinity. This color has an intellectual appeal. Symbolically, it is the color of truth, which results in calm reflection when there is a heated argument. Yellow some hues create the sensation of royalty and glory. It denotes happiness; however, it may also be a sign of cowardice and cheapness. Studies show that this color has a healing effect on the brain. Green-suggests life and provides a cooling effect. This color is a symbol of serenity and rebirth. It suggests hope. Orange- pertains to well-being and energy; however, expansive quantity should be avoided. Brown-if used alone, it gives a sense of depression. This color is best combined with orange, yellow, and/or gold. It is suitable for living rooms and libraries. Purple-associated with heroism, passion, mystery, and gorgeousness. It has a soothing influence. Purple-associated with heroism, passion, mystery, and gorgeousness. It has a soothing influence. Pink- provides soothing stimulation when used in a bedroom or nursery. Adding black, white, or gray will provide intensity to a room. texture- refers to the quality of surface treatment. light- provision of light in a room or space can either be manmade or or natural patterns can provide interesting points in a design a.Complex It a composition of several crisscrossing lines that gives intricacy to the design. It can liven up a group in the right amount, or it can be overwhelming in a small space. b\. Vertical Lines - They are used to add height in a small room. Horizontal Lines - They can give a sense that the space is bigger or shorten the height of a tall room. Floral - It is a design that shows general and accent lighting. Motifs -They are patterns normally related to an architectural style. Animal Prints - These are not limited to fur or skins; they can also be a stylized representation of animals. Balance It is a natural attempt to balance and equalize things. Symmetrical - The elements on either side of the axis are arranged similarly; it provides formality and statics. Unsymmetrical - The elements on each side differ in shape but provide visual equilibrium. Radial - The elements are arranged around a circular form. Rhythm and Movement - The movement or rhythm in a design must be directed and controlled, similar to creating music. Emphasis - This is the process of establishing a specific element that would draw the attention of the viewers. HIGHLIGHT Break the visual hierarchy using form to lay emphasis COLOUR To distinguish between elements in a series of similar forms SIZE Elements of different sizes focus the viewers attention accordingly Contrast The method of contrast in the composition of a design is to inten the different elements of the structures. This produces a dynamic expression in design. Unity - This pertains to the harmonious combination of parts in a composition. Character This principle grows from the function of the structure and the consideration of all the creative principles of the composition. Function - The use of the building Association - The influence of traditions Personality - The human quality and emotional appeal Importance of Ergonomics in the Workspace 1\. Promotes a culture of safety- A healthy and safety-conscious workforce is a value asset to any company; it creates sustainability in terms of branding the service. 2\. Improves workforce productivity-A well-designed workspace allows good postur and lessens movement and unnecessary effort which provides efficiency to workers 3\. Reduces unnecessary expenses - The cost of treatment and hospitalization in a unsafe workplace can be reduced or totally obliterated through ergonomics. Factors in Determining Layout and Design In laying out the different parts of the workstations in the hospitality and tourise industry, the professionals involved should be able to address the following conditions: 1\. Versatility of space for expansion or change-Whether the space needs to expan or minimize is an inevitable process in the hospitality industry brought about b trends, technology, and economics. 2\. Ease of movement-This is achieved through proper allocation of space. This woul limit the incidents of delays and accidents. 3\. Safety-This is accomplished by the harmonious combination of correct plannin and choice of materials used. 4\. Accommodation Furniture, equipment, and fixtures used are ergonomicall designed. Major Sectors of the Hospitality Industry 1 Accommodation and Lodging-The backbone of accommodation and lodging relies on superior customer satisfaction, which includes their comfort and the quality of the amenities. These premiums are not exclusive to 5-star hotels and establishments; they should be encompassing to all types of accommodations. The different types of hotel accommodations are Suites-They are more spacious than a typical hotel room. b\. Resorts-These are often related to nature and, more often than not, provide different types of rooms, from adjoining rooms, stand-alone units, to detached secluded villas. c\. Lodging-The most basic accommodation that provides a room or space for sleeping. These are normally patronized by backpackers who only stay for a limited time. 2 Food and Beverage This is the largest sector in the hospitality industry. This comprises of facilities that engage primarily in preparing food for meals, snacks, and beverages 3\. Travel and Tourism - This sector involves services related to moving people from one place to another 4.Entertainment and Recreation This sector involves activities that allow people to enjoy, rest, and relax. General Classification of Workstations 1\. Concierge and Office Area The scales of concierges in the hospitality industry may vary in size; however, the major goal is to welcome guests and clients. 2\. Kitchen-Whether for domestic or commercial use, the general term for the cooking area in a building is kitchen. 3\. Bar-The bar is one of the most profitable spaces in a hotel or restaurant because it is not just for fast exchange of services and goods but also serves as an area for entertainment with the juggling acts of the bartenders 4\. Laundry-In lodging and accommodation, the laundry area occupies a large space and employs plenty of staff. The genesis of ergonomics as a philosophical concept of work-related physical symptoms was first introduced in 1857 by Wojciech Jastrzębowsky a Polish biologist whose interest, was to improve the professional performance of gamekeepers and woodsmen. Psychological and Psychosocial-The psychological aspect )s primarily concerned with boredom when work is repetitive Physical-This aspect deals with the environment that can be the source of hazards. It can be from falls, slips and trips, exposure to extreme sound, and height of work surfaces 1\. Accidents are unplanned and unexpected events that may result in damage to property or equipment or even loss of life. 2\. Hazards are potential incidents that may cause harm. 3.Risks are the existence of negative incidents that result Manual Handling - The areas involved in several manual movements are in the restaurant and kitchen, housekeeping, laundry, and engineering and maintenance. Movements and Maneuvers -There are several motions involved in delivering goods and services in the hospitality and tourism industry. Operating Machinery and Equipment - Machinery and equipment to be operated have at least one or several moving parts Exposure to Hazardous Substances and Dangerous Goods-The most common source of this kind of hazard are chemical cleaning agents. Electrical Risks The equipment and machines used in the hospitality industry are mostly powered by electricity. Extreme Environmental Conditions-The temperature of the workspace may result in heat stress, heatstroke, and even hypothermia Exposure to Loud Noises - People working in the hospitality and tourism industry involved in entertainment such as nightclubs and bars are exposed to hazardous levels of sound which is referred to as noise. Cash Handling-Commerce over the past decades has promoted the use of credit cards and checking accounts for cashless transactions. Crashes and Collisions- These are vehicular accidents that may be caused by crashes and collisions Work Violence, Sexual Harassment, and Stress -Work violence and forms of harassment is an unfortunate reality in most if not all industries. This event becomes more apparent in the service sectors such as the hospitality and tourism industry.