Kasaysayan PDF

# Kasaysayan ## Kasaysayan - History is derived from the Greek word *Historia* which means *Learning by inquiry* - It is the study of the past, particularly how it affects people today - _Inquiry_ is the knowledge gained from investigation. ## Ano Ang Kasaysayan? - **Xiao Chua** a public histori...

# Kasaysayan ## Kasaysayan - History is derived from the Greek word *Historia* which means *Learning by inquiry* - It is the study of the past, particularly how it affects people today - _Inquiry_ is the knowledge gained from investigation. ## Ano Ang Kasaysayan? - **Xiao Chua** a public historian, defines the word *kasaysayan* as coming from the root word *saysay*, which has two meanings: - **a narrative** - **meaning, significance, or importance** ## Obhetibo vs. Subhetibo | OBHETIBO | SUBHETIBO | FACTS AND TANGIBLE | |---|---|---| | Based on truth | Based on opinion | Exist outside the human mind | | Has evidence | May be right or wrong | | ### Pagkiling Laban sa Obhetibo at Subhetibo | OBHETIBO | SUBHETIBO | |---|---| | Difficult to obtain | Inferior | | | Biased | | | Untrue | ## Multiperspectivity - Recognizes the diversity of society - Appreciation of this diversity opens us to accepting changes in the interpretation of history ## Historiography | Pagsulat ng Kasaysayan | Historian | |---|---| | | Historiographer | | | - Historian | | | Historian deals with being interpretative and descriptive. | ## Pagkakaiba ng Primarya at Sekundaryang Batis ### Primaryang Batis - **Things or people** - **Two types:** - Written - Unwritten ### Nakasulat na Primaryang Batis - Documents containing reports of events, data, opinions, perspectives, and the author's feelings ### TALAARAWAN - Also known as *diary or journal* - Narrative of events witnessed by the author **Example:** *Diary of General Gregorio del Pilar* depicting his experiences during the Philippine Revolution ### Awtobiograpiya - Written by the author about themselves - Often focuses on important life events, people, and experiences ## Liham - Written by the author to a specific individual - Contains messages, opinions, feelings, and thoughts intended for the reader ## Diyaryo/Pahayagan - Published/printed materials that cover current events - May discuss political, economic, and social issues - Includes opinions and perspectives of experts. ## Memoir - Describes events in the author's life while conveying their personal thoughts **Example:** *Philippine Revolution* written by Apolinaryo Mabini ## Mga Ulat - Officially written documents from a group of people - Provides information about a particular event - Used for investigations and hearings as a basis for government action. ## Talumpati - Speech expressing an individual's thoughts - Delivered for important occasions, gatherings, religious ceremonies, and political events ## Opisyal na Dokumento - Government-published materials - Contains important documents, announcements, and mandates ## Gaceta Oficial - Original copies of laws created by Congress and signed by the President - Includes rulings from the courts, letters from government agencies, and similarly important documents ## Mga Kasunduan - Agreements signed by leaders or organizations ### Kasunduan sa Biak-na-Bato - Agreement signed by representatives of the revolutionary government and the Spanish colonial government. ## Di Nakasulat na Primaryang Batis ### Artipakto - Also known as *likha* (from Zeus Salazar's 2004 work) - Objects excavated by archaeologists dating back to ancient times - Artifacts reflecting the culture of the time ## Relikya - Remains of living things, including humans, animals, plants, etc. - May contain bones or footprints of animals and humans - Found in caves or rock formations. ## Kasaysayang Oral - Spoken words and phrases, stories and narratives, that may be specific or broad in origin. **Examples:** - **Alamat ng Pinya** (Pineapple Folktale) - **Mga Halimbawa:** Folktales, epics, proverbs, riddles, stories, etc. # Larawan at Dibuho - Creations of people using knowledge and technology - Evidence used to confirm the presence of people in a location or to document that an event took place. **Example:** *Spolarium* by Juan Luna.